From: acevest <zhaoyanbai@126.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Nov 2015 03:44:11 +0000 (+0800)
Subject: learn go
X-Git-Url: http://zhaoyanbai.com/repos/rndc.html?a=commitdiff_plain;h=d3ad4e48afe39abb2e50e0a59216bb43a8dd780b;p=acecode.git

learn go
---

diff --git a/learn/doc/vimrc b/learn/doc/vimrc
index b20201a..102abf1 100644
--- a/learn/doc/vimrc
+++ b/learn/doc/vimrc
@@ -91,4 +91,17 @@ set fenc=utf-8      " 默认以UTF-8新建文件
 set fileencodings=utf-8,cp936   " 打开文件编码按顺序匹配
 set nobomb          " 
 
+
+"为不同的文件类型设置不同的空格数替换TAB
+"autocmd FileType php,python,c,java,perl,shell,bash,vim,ruby,cpp set ai
+"autocmd FileType php,python,c,java,perl,shell,bash,vim,ruby,cpp set sw=4
+"autocmd FileType php,python,c,java,perl,shell,bash,vim,ruby,cpp set ts=4
+"autocmd FileType php,python,c,java,perl,shell,bash,vim,ruby,cpp set sts=4
+
+"golang默认使用TAB
+autocmd FileType go set ai
+autocmd FileType go set tabstop=4
+autocmd FileType go set shiftwidth=4
+autocmd FileType go set noexpandtab
+
 imap jj <esc> " 连续按两次jj表示按ESC，进入命令模式
diff --git a/learn/go/array.slice.map.go b/learn/go/array.slice.map.go
index 6bdc5fe..2c2cdeb 100644
--- a/learn/go/array.slice.map.go
+++ b/learn/go/array.slice.map.go
@@ -3,15 +3,14 @@ package main
 import "fmt"
 
 type Vector struct {
-    x, y uint32
+	x, y uint32
 }
 
-
 // map在使用前必须使用make而不是new来创建,值为nil的map是空的，并且不能赋值
 var Map map[string]Vector
 
 func main() {
-    // [n]T 表示array
+	// [n]T 表示array
 	var array [2]string
 	array[0] = "HELLO"
 	array[1] = "GO"
@@ -27,105 +26,102 @@ func main() {
 	fmt.Println(b)
 	fmt.Println(c)
 
-
 	// SLICE
-    // []T 表示slice
-    var slice []string
-    fmt.Println("Slice len", len(slice), "cap", cap(slice))
-    // slice 的零值是 `nil`。
-    if slice == nil {
-        fmt.Println("Slice is nil")
-    }
-    slice = array[:]
-    fmt.Println(slice)
-    fmt.Println("Slice len", len(slice), "cap", cap(slice))
-
-    // 清空slice
-    slice = nil 
-    fmt.Println("Slice len", len(slice), "cap", cap(slice))
-
-    // 构造slice
-    S := make([]int, 5/*length*/, 10/*cap*/) // cap >= length
-    fmt.Println("Slice s len", len(S), "cap", cap(S))
+	// []T 表示slice
+	var slice []string
+	fmt.Println("Slice len", len(slice), "cap", cap(slice))
+	// slice 的零值是 `nil`。
+	if slice == nil {
+		fmt.Println("Slice is nil")
+	}
+	slice = array[:]
+	fmt.Println(slice)
+	fmt.Println("Slice len", len(slice), "cap", cap(slice))
+
+	// 清空slice
+	slice = nil
+	fmt.Println("Slice len", len(slice), "cap", cap(slice))
+
+	// 构造slice
+	S := make([]int, 5 /*length*/, 10 /*cap*/) // cap >= length
+	fmt.Println("Slice s len", len(S), "cap", cap(S))
 
 	d := []byte{'a', 'b', 'c'}
 	fmt.Println(d)
 	var e []string = []string{"a", "b", "c"}
 
-    // 向slice中添加元素
-    e = append(e, "append:d")
-    e = append(e, "append:e", "append:f")
+	// 向slice中添加元素
+	e = append(e, "append:d")
+	e = append(e, "append:e", "append:f")
 
 	for i := 0; i < len(e); i++ {
 		fmt.Println(e[i])
 	}
 
-    // range
+	// range
 	for i, v := range d {
 		fmt.Println(i, v)
 	}
 
-    // 如果只需要索引值，去掉`value`部分就可以了
-    for i := range(e) {
-        fmt.Println(i)
-    }
-
-    // 如果只需要`value`部分，索引部分可以直接用`_`来忽略
-    for _, v := range(e) {
-        fmt.Println(v)
-    }
-
-
-    if Map == nil {
-        fmt.Println("Map is nil")
-    }
-    Map = make(map[string]Vector)
-    if Map == nil {
-        fmt.Println("Map is nil")
-    } else {
-        fmt.Println("Map is not nil")
-    }
-    Map["LeftTop"] = Vector{0, ^uint32(0)}
-    Map["LeftBottom"] = Vector{0, 0}
-    Map["RightBottom"] = Vector{^uint32(0), 0}
-    Map["RightTop"] = Vector{^uint32(0), ^uint32(0)}
-
-    fmt.Println(Map)
-    fmt.Println(Map["RightTop"])
-    fmt.Println(Map["RightTops"])
-
-
-    var MapA=map[string]string {
-        "Apple"     : "USA",
-        "Google"    : "USA",
-        "Tencent"   : "CHN",
-    }
-
-    fmt.Println(MapA)
-
-    // insert
-    MapA["Test"] = "Unknown"
-    fmt.Println(MapA)
-
-    // modify
-    MapA["Test"] = "USA"
-    fmt.Println(MapA)
-
-    var s string
-    var ok bool
-    s, ok = MapA["Test"]
-    if !ok {
-        fmt.Printf("Key:Test not in\n")
-    } else {
-        fmt.Printf("Key:Test = %s\n", s)
-    }
-
-    // delete
-    delete(MapA, "Test")
-    fmt.Println(MapA)
-
-    _, ok = MapA["Test"]
-    if !ok {
-        fmt.Println("Key:Test not in")
-    }
+	// 如果只需要索引值，去掉`value`部分就可以了
+	for i := range e {
+		fmt.Println(i)
+	}
+
+	// 如果只需要`value`部分，索引部分可以直接用`_`来忽略
+	for _, v := range e {
+		fmt.Println(v)
+	}
+
+	if Map == nil {
+		fmt.Println("Map is nil")
+	}
+	Map = make(map[string]Vector)
+	if Map == nil {
+		fmt.Println("Map is nil")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Map is not nil")
+	}
+	Map["LeftTop"] = Vector{0, ^uint32(0)}
+	Map["LeftBottom"] = Vector{0, 0}
+	Map["RightBottom"] = Vector{^uint32(0), 0}
+	Map["RightTop"] = Vector{^uint32(0), ^uint32(0)}
+
+	fmt.Println(Map)
+	fmt.Println(Map["RightTop"])
+	fmt.Println(Map["RightTops"])
+
+	var MapA = map[string]string{
+		"Apple":   "USA",
+		"Google":  "USA",
+		"Tencent": "CHN",
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(MapA)
+
+	// insert
+	MapA["Test"] = "Unknown"
+	fmt.Println(MapA)
+
+	// modify
+	MapA["Test"] = "USA"
+	fmt.Println(MapA)
+
+	var s string
+	var ok bool
+	s, ok = MapA["Test"]
+	if !ok {
+		fmt.Printf("Key:Test not in\n")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("Key:Test = %s\n", s)
+	}
+
+	// delete
+	delete(MapA, "Test")
+	fmt.Println(MapA)
+
+	_, ok = MapA["Test"]
+	if !ok {
+		fmt.Println("Key:Test not in")
+	}
 }
diff --git a/learn/go/for.go b/learn/go/for.go
index a022cdc..9516270 100644
--- a/learn/go/for.go
+++ b/learn/go/for.go
@@ -6,41 +6,40 @@
  * Description: none
  * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
- package main
+package main
 
- import "fmt"
- import "time"
- import "math/rand"
+import "fmt"
+import "time"
+import "math/rand"
 
- func main() {
+func main() {
 
-    rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 
-     // basic for
-     sum := 0
-     for i:=0; i<10; i++ {
-         sum += i
-     }
+	// basic for
+	sum := 0
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		sum += i
+	}
 
-     fmt.Println("Sum:", sum)
+	fmt.Println("Sum:", sum)
 
+	// 与C语言一样 go 的for 前置、后置条件可以为空
+	sum = 1
+	for sum <= 1000 {
+		sum += sum
+	}
 
-     // 与C语言一样 go 的for 前置、后置条件可以为空
-     sum = 1
-     for ; sum <= 1000; {
-         sum += sum
-     }
+	fmt.Println("Sum:", sum)
 
-     fmt.Println("Sum:", sum)
+	// for 也是go的 'while'
+	for sum >= 0 {
+		sum -= rand.Intn(100)
+	}
 
-     // for 也是go的 'while'
-     for sum >= 0 {
-         sum -= rand.Intn(100)
-     }
+	fmt.Println("Sum:", sum)
 
-     fmt.Println("Sum:", sum)
-
-     // 死循环
-     // for {
-     // }
- }
+	// 死循环
+	// for {
+	// }
+}
diff --git a/learn/go/func.go b/learn/go/func.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a77fca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/learn/go/func.go
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *   File Name: func.go
+ *      Author: Zhao Yanbai
+ *              2015-11-14 15:51:24 Saturday CST
+ * Description: none
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"math/rand"
+	"time"
+)
+
+
+func main() {
+	defer fmt.Println("Program Exited...")
+
+	// 函数也是值
+	hypot := func(x, y float64) float64 {
+		return math.Sqrt(x*x + y*y)
+	}
+
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	fmt.Println(hypot(rand.Float64(), rand.Float64()))
+
+	// 闭包
+
+	// 两个闭包实例
+	pos := Adder()
+	neg := Adder()
+
+	// NOTICE 十次是两个实例的累计结果，不是独立函数调用结果
+	for i:=0; i<10; i++ {
+		fmt.Printf("Positive: %5d         Negative: %5d\n", pos(i), neg(-i*i))
+	}
+
+
+	// Fibonacci
+	fibonacci := Fibonacci()
+	for i:=0; i<10; i++ {
+		fmt.Printf("%02d - %5d\n", i, fibonacci())
+	}
+}
+
+func Adder() func(int) int {
+
+	sum := 0
+
+	// go语言不能在函数内部显示嵌套定义函数
+	// 但是可以定义一个匿名函数
+	innerfunc := func(x int) int {
+		sum += x
+		return sum
+	}
+
+	return innerfunc
+}
+
+
+func Fibonacci() func() int {
+	a := 0
+	b := 1
+	// a, b := 0, 1
+	innerfunc := func() int {
+		t := b
+		b = a+b
+		a = t
+		//a, b = b, a+b
+		return a
+	}
+
+	return innerfunc
+}
diff --git a/learn/go/hello.go b/learn/go/hello.go
index 8cb1807..5ae0f15 100644
--- a/learn/go/hello.go
+++ b/learn/go/hello.go
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import "math/rand"
 import "time"
 
 func GetStr() (string, string) {
-    // 常量可以是数字、字符串、布尔或字符
+	// 常量可以是数字、字符串、布尔或字符
 	const stra = "Hello"
 	const strb string = "World"
 	return stra, strb
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ func GetStr() (string, string) {
 
 // 多常量
 const (
-    BigInt  = 1 << 9
-    ConstStr= "HELLO WORLD"
+	BigInt   = 1 << 9
+	ConstStr = "HELLO WORLD"
 )
 
 func PrintType() {
@@ -30,26 +30,22 @@ func PrintType() {
 	fmt.Printf("%T %T %T %T %T %T %T %T\n", a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)
 }
 
-
 func Add(a int, b int) int {
-    return a+b
+	return a + b
 }
 
-
 // 当两个或多个连续参数是同一类型，除了最后一个类型之外，其它的都可以省略
 func SwapString(a, b string) (string, string) {
-    return b, a
+	return b, a
 }
 
-
 // 返回值可以被命名
 func Split(sum int) (a, b int) {
-    a = sum * 4 / 9
-    b = sum - a
-    return
+	a = sum * 4 / 9
+	b = sum - a
+	return
 }
 
-
 // 定义变量
 var va, vb, vc string
 
@@ -58,64 +54,59 @@ var ia, ib, ic rune = 1, 0xFAD, 434
 var fa float64 = 2.71828182846
 var xa, xb, xc = true, "xb", 0xDD
 
-
 func main() {
-    // defer 的参数会立刻生成，但是只是在程序结束时调用
+	// defer 的参数会立刻生成，但是只是在程序结束时调用
 	defer fmt.Println("----------------")
 	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
-    n := 0
+	n := 0
 	for i := 0; i < rand.Intn(10)+1; i++ {
 		fmt.Println(GetStr())
-        n = i
+		n = i
 	}
 
-    // defer 会逆序调用
-    defer fmt.Println("n:", n)
+	// defer 会逆序调用
+	defer fmt.Println("n:", n)
 
 	PrintType()
 
-    fmt.Println(Add(3, 543))
-
-    fmt.Println(SwapString("Hello", "World"))
-
-    fmt.Println(Split(342))
-
-
-    va = "va"
-    vb = "vb"
-    vc = "vc"
-    fmt.Println(va, vb, vc)
+	fmt.Println(Add(3, 543))
 
-    fmt.Println(ia, ib, ic)
+	fmt.Println(SwapString("Hello", "World"))
 
-    fmt.Println(fa)
+	fmt.Println(Split(342))
 
-    fmt.Println(xa, xb, xc)
+	va = "va"
+	vb = "vb"
+	vc = "vc"
+	fmt.Println(va, vb, vc)
 
+	fmt.Println(ia, ib, ic)
 
-    // 短声明,只能用在函数内部
-    sa := 34
-    // 类型推导
-    sb := sa
-    fmt.Println(sa, sb)
+	fmt.Println(fa)
 
-    // 强制类型转换
-    sc := float64(sa)
-    fmt.Println(sc)
+	fmt.Println(xa, xb, xc)
 
-    // 常量不能用:=语法定义
-    // const sd := sa
+	// 短声明,只能用在函数内部
+	sa := 34
+	// 类型推导
+	sb := sa
+	fmt.Println(sa, sb)
 
-    fmt.Println(BigInt, ConstStr)
+	// 强制类型转换
+	sc := float64(sa)
+	fmt.Println(sc)
 
+	// 常量不能用:=语法定义
+	// const sd := sa
 
+	fmt.Println(BigInt, ConstStr)
 
-    // 指针, go 语言没有指针运算
-    var pi *int
-    pj := &n
-    pi = pj
+	// 指针, go 语言没有指针运算
+	var pi *int
+	pj := &n
+	pi = pj
 
-    *pj = 123
+	*pj = 123
 
-    fmt.Println(n, *pi, *pj, pi, pj)
+	fmt.Println(n, *pi, *pj, pi, pj)
 }
diff --git a/learn/go/if.go b/learn/go/if.go
index 9c8305e..3741443 100644
--- a/learn/go/if.go
+++ b/learn/go/if.go
@@ -7,29 +7,29 @@
  * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 package main
+
 import (
-    "fmt"
-    "time"
-    "math/rand"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"time"
 )
 
 func main() {
-    rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
-
-    n := rand.Int()
-    if n % 2 == 0 {
-        fmt.Println("Even:", n)
-    } else {
-        fmt.Println("Odd:", n)
-    }
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 
+	n := rand.Int()
+	if n%2 == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("Even:", n)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("Odd:", n)
+	}
 
-    // if 语句在条件之前可以执行一条简单的代码
-    if v := rand.Int(); v % 3 == 0 {
-        fmt.Println(v, " MOD 3 == 0")
-    } else if v % 3 == 1 {
-        fmt.Println(v, " MOD 3 == 1")
-    } else {
-        fmt.Println(v, " MOD 3 == 2")
-    }
+	// if 语句在条件之前可以执行一条简单的代码
+	if v := rand.Int(); v%3 == 0 {
+		fmt.Println(v, " MOD 3 == 0")
+	} else if v%3 == 1 {
+		fmt.Println(v, " MOD 3 == 1")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println(v, " MOD 3 == 2")
+	}
 }
diff --git a/learn/go/interfaces.go b/learn/go/interfaces.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2158b45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/learn/go/interfaces.go
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/*
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *   File Name: interfaces.go
+ *      Author: Zhao Yanbai
+ *              2015-11-14 17:47:59 Saturday CST
+ * Description: none
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+package main
+import (
+    "fmt"
+)
+
+func main() {
+    defer fmt.Println("Program Exited...")
+
+}
diff --git a/learn/go/methods.go b/learn/go/methods.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7487da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/learn/go/methods.go
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *   File Name: methods.go
+ *      Author: Zhao Yanbai
+ *              2015-11-14 17:22:24 Saturday CST
+ * Description: none
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+package main
+import (
+    "fmt"
+    "math"
+    "time"
+    "math/rand"
+)
+
+type Vector struct {
+	x, y float64
+}
+
+
+// 不用指针型也可以
+// 此处于C语言同理，用指针能改变则用指针拷贝
+// 用值则用值拷贝，指针一般更有效率，可以修改
+// 指向的值
+func (v *Vector) Abs() float64 {
+	return math.Sqrt(v.x*v.x + v.y*v.y)
+}
+
+// 可以将v换成非指针型对比
+func (v *Vector) Scale(scale float64) {
+	v.x = v.x*scale
+	v.y = v.y*scale
+}
+
+// fmt中的一个接口
+// type Stringer interface {
+//	    String() string
+// }
+// 不能是指针
+func (v Vector) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Vector{x:%.4f, y:%.4f}", v.x, v.y)
+}
+
+
+// 根据现有类型定义专用类型
+type FloatType float64;
+
+func (f FloatType) TenTimesInt() int {
+	return int(f*10)
+}
+
+func main() {
+    defer fmt.Println("Program Exited...")
+
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	v1 := Vector{rand.Float64(), rand.Float64()}
+	var v2 Vector = Vector{rand.Float64(), rand.Float64()}
+
+	fmt.Println(v1)
+	fmt.Println(v2)
+
+	v1.Scale(10.0)
+	v2.Scale(0.9)
+
+	fmt.Println(v1)
+	fmt.Println(v2)
+
+	fmt.Println(v1.Abs())
+	fmt.Println(v2.Abs())
+
+
+	f := FloatType(rand.Float64())
+	fmt.Printf("Float: %7.4f  Ten Times Integer: %2d\n", f, f.TenTimesInt())
+}
diff --git a/learn/go/struct.go b/learn/go/struct.go
index 1e23335..16191be 100644
--- a/learn/go/struct.go
+++ b/learn/go/struct.go
@@ -10,17 +10,17 @@ type Vertex struct {
 }
 
 func main() {
-    rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 
 	v := Vertex{1, 2}
 	fmt.Println(v)
-    fmt.Println(Vertex{0xABC, 0xCBA})
+	fmt.Println(Vertex{0xABC, 0xCBA})
 
-    // 通过指针间隔访问的过程是透明的
+	// 通过指针间隔访问的过程是透明的
 	p := &v
 	p.X = rand.Int()
-    p.Y = rand.Int()
+	p.Y = rand.Int()
 	fmt.Println(v)
-    v.X, v.Y = p.Y, p.X
-    fmt.Println(v.X, v.Y)
+	v.X, v.Y = p.Y, p.X
+	fmt.Println(v.X, v.Y)
 }
diff --git a/learn/go/switch.go b/learn/go/switch.go
index 5132c92..7af3e24 100644
--- a/learn/go/switch.go
+++ b/learn/go/switch.go
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
 	"runtime"
 	"time"
-    "math/rand"
 )
 
 func main() {
-    rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 	fmt.Print("Go runs on ")
 	switch os := runtime.GOOS; os {
 	case "darwin":
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func main() {
 		fmt.Printf("%s.", os)
 	}
 
-    // switch 可以没有表达示，将变为一个更清晰的if-then-else的代码结构
+	// switch 可以没有表达示，将变为一个更清晰的if-then-else的代码结构
 	t := time.Now()
 	switch {
 	case t.Hour() < 12:
@@ -32,23 +32,22 @@ func main() {
 		fmt.Println("Good evening.")
 	}
 
-    //fallthrough
-    switch v:=rand.Intn(4); v {
-    case 0:
-        fmt.Println("Level0")
-        fallthrough
-    case 1:
-        fmt.Println("Level1")
-        fallthrough
-    case 2:
-        fmt.Println("Level2")
-        fallthrough
-    case 3:
-        fmt.Println("Level3")
-        fallthrough
-    default:
-        fmt.Println("Ground")
-    }
-
+	//fallthrough
+	switch v := rand.Intn(4); v {
+	case 0:
+		fmt.Println("Level0")
+		fallthrough
+	case 1:
+		fmt.Println("Level1")
+		fallthrough
+	case 2:
+		fmt.Println("Level2")
+		fallthrough
+	case 3:
+		fmt.Println("Level3")
+		fallthrough
+	default:
+		fmt.Println("Ground")
+	}
 
 }
diff --git a/tools/comm/cs b/tools/comm/cs
index 9201fb5..3c96990 100755
--- a/tools/comm/cs
+++ b/tools/comm/cs
@@ -89,6 +89,15 @@ foreach my $file (@ARGV) {
         $f =~ s/\./_/g;
         $f = "H_" . uc($f) . "__";
         $as .= "\n#pragma once\n";
+    } elsif($index eq "go") {
+        $as .= "package main\n";
+        $as .= "import (\n";
+        $as .= "    \"fmt\"\n";
+        $as .= ")\n\n";
+        $as .= "func main() {\n";
+        $as .= "    defer fmt.Println(\"Program Exited...\")\n\n";
+        $as .= "}";
+        $as = "" unless($create_main);
     } elsif($index eq "py") {
     } elsif($index eq "rb") {
     } elsif($index eq "pl") {