--- /dev/null
+# $NetBSD: Makefile,v 1.5 2007/07/02 18:41:03 christos Exp $
+# @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
+
+WARNS?= 4
+PROG= cut
+
+LDADD+= -lutil
+DPADD+= ${LIBUTIL}
+
+.include <bsd.prog.mk>
--- /dev/null
+.\" $NetBSD: cut.1,v 1.14.26.1 2008/12/23 03:47:20 snj Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993
+.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\" without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" @(#)cut.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
+.\"
+.Dd December 21, 2008
+.Dt CUT 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm cut
+.Nd select portions of each line of a file
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm
+.Fl b Ar list
+.Op Fl n
+.Op Ar
+.Nm
+.Fl c Ar list
+.Op Ar
+.Nm
+.Fl f Ar list
+.Op Fl d Ar delim
+.Op Fl s
+.Op Ar
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
+.Nm
+utility selects portions of each line (as specified by
+.Ar list )
+from each
+.Ar file
+and writes them to the
+standard output.
+If the
+.Ar file
+argument is a single dash
+.Pq Sq -
+or no
+.Ar file
+arguments were specified, lines are read from the standard input.
+The items specified by
+.Ar list
+can be in terms of column position or in terms of fields delimited
+by a special character.
+Column numbering starts from 1.
+.Pp
+.Ar List
+is a comma or whitespace separated set of increasing numbers and/or
+number ranges.
+Number ranges consist of a number, a dash
+.Pq Li \- ,
+and a second number
+and select the fields or columns from the first number to the second,
+inclusive.
+Numbers or number ranges may be preceded by a dash, which selects all
+fields or columns from 1 to the first number.
+Numbers or number ranges may be followed by a dash, which selects all
+fields or columns from the last number to the end of the line.
+Numbers and number ranges may be repeated, overlapping, and in any order.
+It is not an error to select fields or columns not present in the
+input line.
+.Pp
+The options are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width Fl
+.It Fl b Ar list
+The
+.Ar list
+specifies byte positions.
+.It Fl c Ar list
+The
+.Ar list
+specifies character positions.
+.It Fl d Ar string
+Use the first character of
+.Ar string
+as the field delimiter character.
+The default is the
+.Aq TAB
+character.
+.It Fl f Ar list
+The
+.Ar list
+specifies fields, separated by the field delimiter character.
+The selected fields are output,
+separated by the field delimiter character.
+.It Fl n
+Do not split multi-byte characters.
+.It Fl s
+Suppresses lines with no field delimiter characters.
+Unless specified, lines with no delimiters are passed through unmodified.
+.El
+.Sh EXIT STATUS
+.Nm
+exits 0 on success, 1 if an error occurred.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr paste 1
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Nm
+utility conforms to
+.St -p1003.2-92 .
--- /dev/null
+/* $NetBSD: cut.c,v 1.25 2008/07/21 14:19:22 lukem Exp $ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Adam S. Moskowitz of Menlo Consulting and Marciano Pitargue.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\
+ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.");
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cut.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
+#endif
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: cut.c,v 1.25 2008/07/21 14:19:22 lukem Exp $");
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <util.h>
+#include <wchar.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+
+static int bflag;
+static int cflag;
+static char dchar;
+static int dflag;
+static int fflag;
+static int sflag;
+
+static void b_cut(FILE *, const char *);
+static void c_cut(FILE *, const char *);
+static void f_cut(FILE *, const char *);
+static void get_list(char *);
+static void usage(void) __dead;
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ FILE *fp;
+ void (*fcn)(FILE *, const char *);
+ int ch;
+
+ fcn = NULL;
+ (void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+
+ dchar = '\t'; /* default delimiter is \t */
+
+ /* Since we don't support multi-byte characters, the -c and -b
+ options are equivalent, and the -n option is meaningless. */
+ while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "b:c:d:f:sn")) != -1)
+ switch(ch) {
+ case 'b':
+ fcn = b_cut;
+ get_list(optarg);
+ bflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'c':
+ fcn = c_cut;
+ get_list(optarg);
+ cflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'd':
+ dchar = *optarg;
+ dflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'f':
+ get_list(optarg);
+ fcn = f_cut;
+ fflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ sflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'n':
+ break;
+ case '?':
+ default:
+ usage();
+ }
+ argc -= optind;
+ argv += optind;
+
+ if (fflag) {
+ if (cflag || bflag)
+ usage();
+ } else if ((!cflag && !bflag) || dflag || sflag)
+ usage();
+ else if (bflag && cflag)
+ usage();
+
+ if (*argv)
+ for (; *argv; ++argv) {
+ if (strcmp(*argv, "-") == 0)
+ fcn(stdin, "stdin");
+ else {
+ if ((fp = fopen(*argv, "r")) == NULL)
+ err(1, "%s", *argv);
+ fcn(fp, *argv);
+ (void)fclose(fp);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ fcn(stdin, "stdin");
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static size_t autostart, autostop, maxval;
+
+static char *positions = NULL;
+static size_t numpositions = 0;
+#define ALLOC_CHUNK _POSIX2_LINE_MAX /* malloc granularity */
+
+static void
+get_list(char *list)
+{
+ size_t setautostart, start, stop;
+ char *pos;
+ char *p;
+
+ if (positions == NULL) {
+ numpositions = ALLOC_CHUNK;
+ positions = ecalloc(numpositions, sizeof(*positions));
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * set a byte in the positions array to indicate if a field or
+ * column is to be selected; use +1, it's 1-based, not 0-based.
+ * This parser is less restrictive than the Draft 9 POSIX spec.
+ * POSIX doesn't allow lists that aren't in increasing order or
+ * overlapping lists. We also handle "-3-5" although there's no
+ * real reason too.
+ */
+ for (; (p = strtok(list, ", \t")) != NULL; list = NULL) {
+ setautostart = start = stop = 0;
+ if (*p == '-') {
+ ++p;
+ setautostart = 1;
+ }
+ if (isdigit((unsigned char)*p)) {
+ start = stop = strtol(p, &p, 10);
+ if (setautostart && start > autostart)
+ autostart = start;
+ }
+ if (*p == '-') {
+ if (isdigit((unsigned char)p[1]))
+ stop = strtol(p + 1, &p, 10);
+ if (*p == '-') {
+ ++p;
+ if (!autostop || autostop > stop)
+ autostop = stop;
+ }
+ }
+ if (*p)
+ errx(1, "[-cf] list: illegal list value");
+ if (!stop || !start)
+ errx(1, "[-cf] list: values may not include zero");
+ if (stop + 1 > numpositions) {
+ size_t newsize;
+ newsize = roundup(stop + 1, ALLOC_CHUNK);
+ positions = erealloc(positions, newsize);
+ (void)memset(positions + numpositions, 0,
+ newsize - numpositions);
+ numpositions = newsize;
+ }
+ if (maxval < stop)
+ maxval = stop;
+ for (pos = positions + start; start++ <= stop; pos++)
+ *pos = 1;
+ }
+
+ /* overlapping ranges */
+ if (autostop && maxval > autostop)
+ maxval = autostop;
+
+ /* set autostart */
+ if (autostart)
+ (void)memset(positions + 1, '1', autostart);
+}
+
+static void
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+f_cut(FILE *fp, const char *fname __unused)
+{
+ int ch, field, isdelim;
+ char *pos, *p, sep;
+ int output;
+ size_t len;
+ char *lbuf, *tbuf;
+
+ for (sep = dchar, tbuf = NULL; (lbuf = fgetln(fp, &len)) != NULL;) {
+ output = 0;
+ if (lbuf[len - 1] != '\n') {
+ /* no newline at the end of the last line so add one */
+ if ((tbuf = (char *)malloc(len + 1)) == NULL)
+ err(1, NULL);
+ (void)memcpy(tbuf, lbuf, len);
+ tbuf[len++] = '\n';
+ lbuf = tbuf;
+ }
+ for (isdelim = 0, p = lbuf;; ++p) {
+ ch = *p;
+ /* this should work if newline is delimiter */
+ if (ch == sep)
+ isdelim = 1;
+ if (ch == '\n') {
+ if (!isdelim && !sflag)
+ (void)fwrite(lbuf, len, 1, stdout);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (!isdelim)
+ continue;
+
+ pos = positions + 1;
+ for (field = maxval, p = lbuf; field; --field, ++pos) {
+ if (*pos) {
+ if (output++)
+ (void)putchar(sep);
+ while ((ch = *p++) != '\n' && ch != sep)
+ (void)putchar(ch);
+ } else {
+ while ((ch = *p++) != '\n' && ch != sep)
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (ch == '\n')
+ break;
+ }
+ if (ch != '\n') {
+ if (autostop) {
+ if (output)
+ (void)putchar(sep);
+ for (; (ch = *p) != '\n'; ++p)
+ (void)putchar(ch);
+ } else
+ for (; (ch = *p) != '\n'; ++p);
+ }
+ (void)putchar('\n');
+ if (tbuf) {
+ free(tbuf);
+ tbuf = NULL;
+ }
+ }
+ if (tbuf)
+ free(tbuf);
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\tcut -b list [-n] [file ...]\n"
+ "\tcut -c list [file1 ...]\n"
+ "\tcut -f list [-d delim] [-s] [file ...]\n");
+ exit(1);
+}
+
+/* make b_put(): */
+#define CUT_BYTE 1
+#include "x_cut.c"
+#undef CUT_BYTE
+
+/* make c_put(): */
+#define CUT_BYTE 0
+#include "x_cut.c"
+#undef CUT_BYTE
--- /dev/null
+/* $NetBSD: x_cut.c,v 1.2 2007/07/02 18:41:04 christos Exp $ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Adam S. Moskowitz of Menlo Consulting and Marciano Pitargue.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This file is #include'd twice from cut.c, to generate both
+ * single- and multibyte versions of the same code.
+ *
+ * In cut.c #define:
+ * CUT_BYTE=0 to define b_cut (singlebyte), and
+ * CUT_BYTE=1 to define c_cut (multibyte).
+ *
+ */
+
+#if (CUT_BYTE == 1)
+# define CUT_FN b_cut
+# define CUT_CH_T int
+# define CUT_GETC getc
+# define CUT_EOF EOF
+# define CUT_PUTCHAR putchar
+#else
+# define CUT_FN c_cut
+# define CUT_CH_T wint_t
+# define CUT_GETC getwc
+# define CUT_EOF WEOF
+# define CUT_PUTCHAR putwchar
+#endif
+
+
+/* ARGSUSED */
+void
+CUT_FN(FILE *fp, const char *fname __unused)
+{
+ CUT_CH_T ch;
+ int col;
+ char *pos;
+
+ ch = 0;
+ for (;;) {
+ pos = positions + 1;
+ for (col = maxval; col; --col) {
+ if ((ch = CUT_GETC(fp)) == EOF)
+ return;
+ if (ch == '\n')
+ break;
+ if (*pos++)
+ (void)CUT_PUTCHAR(ch);
+ }
+ if (ch != '\n') {
+ if (autostop)
+ while ((ch = CUT_GETC(fp)) != CUT_EOF && ch != '\n')
+ (void)CUT_PUTCHAR(ch);
+ else
+ while ((ch = CUT_GETC(fp)) != CUT_EOF && ch != '\n');
+ }
+ (void)CUT_PUTCHAR('\n');
+ }
+}
+
+#undef CUT_FN
+#undef CUT_CH_T
+#undef CUT_GETC
+#undef CUT_EOF
+#undef CUT_PUTCHAR
+
--- /dev/null
+# $NetBSD: Makefile,v 1.9 2004/10/30 19:28:35 christos Exp $
+# from: @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
+
+PROG= printf
+WARNS= 3
+
+.include <bsd.prog.mk>
--- /dev/null
+.\" $NetBSD: printf.1,v 1.22 2008/09/01 09:20:41 dholland Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993
+.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\" without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" from: @(#)printf.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
+.\"
+.Dd May 6, 2008
+.Dt PRINTF 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm printf
+.Nd formatted output
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm
+.Ar format
+.Op Ar arguments ...
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Nm
+formats and prints its arguments, after the first, under control
+of the
+.Ar format .
+The
+.Ar format
+is a character string which contains three types of objects: plain characters,
+which are simply copied to standard output, character escape sequences which
+are converted and copied to the standard output, and format specifications,
+each of which causes printing of the next successive
+.Ar argument .
+.Pp
+The
+.Ar arguments
+after the first are treated as strings if the corresponding format is
+either
+.Cm b ,
+.Cm B ,
+.Cm c ,
+or
+.Cm s ;
+otherwise it is evaluated as a C constant, with the following extensions:
+.Pp
+.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
+.It
+A leading plus or minus sign is allowed.
+.It
+If the leading character is a single or double quote, the value is the
+.Tn ASCII
+code of the next character.
+.El
+.Pp
+The format string is reused as often as necessary to satisfy the
+.Ar arguments .
+Any extra format specifications are evaluated with zero or the null
+string.
+.Pp
+Character escape sequences are in backslash notation as defined in
+.St -ansiC .
+The characters and their meanings are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent
+.It Cm \ee
+Write an
+.Aq escape
+character.
+.It Cm \ea
+Write a
+.Aq bell
+character.
+.It Cm \eb
+Write a
+.Aq backspace
+character.
+.It Cm \ef
+Write a
+.Aq form-feed
+character.
+.It Cm \en
+Write a
+.Aq new-line
+character.
+.It Cm \er
+Write a
+.Aq carriage return
+character.
+.It Cm \et
+Write a
+.Aq tab
+character.
+.It Cm \ev
+Write a
+.Aq vertical tab
+character.
+.It Cm \e\'
+Write a
+.Aq single quote
+character.
+.It Cm \e"
+Write a
+.Aq double quote
+character.
+.It Cm \e\e
+Write a backslash character.
+.It Cm \e Ns Ar num
+Write an 8\-bit character whose
+.Tn ASCII
+value is the 1\-, 2\-, or 3\-digit octal number
+.Ar num .
+.It Cm \ex Ns Ar xx
+Write an 8\-bit character whose
+.Tn ASCII
+value is the 1\- or 2\-digit hexadecimal number
+.Ar xx .
+.El
+.Pp
+Each format specification is introduced by the percent character
+.Pq Dq \&% .
+The remainder of the format specification includes,
+in the following order:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Zero or more of the following flags :
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Cm #
+A
+.Sq #
+character specifying that the value should be printed in an
+.Dq alternative form .
+For
+.Cm b ,
+.Cm c ,
+.Cm d ,
+and
+.Cm s
+formats, this option has no effect.
+For the
+.Cm o
+format the precision of the number is increased to force the first
+character of the output string to a zero.
+For the
+.Cm x
+.Pq Cm X
+format, a non-zero result has the string
+.Li 0x
+.Pq Li 0X
+prepended to it.
+For
+.Cm e ,
+.Cm E ,
+.Cm f ,
+.Cm g ,
+and
+.Cm G
+formats, the result will always contain a decimal point, even if no
+digits follow the point (normally, a decimal point only appears in the
+results of those formats if a digit follows the decimal point).
+For
+.Cm g
+and
+.Cm G
+formats, trailing zeros are not removed from the result as they
+would otherwise be.
+.\" I turned this off - decided it isn't a valid use of '#'
+.\" For the
+.\" .Cm B
+.\" format, backslash-escape sequences are expanded first;
+.It Cm \&\-
+A minus sign
+.Sq \-
+which specifies
+.Em left adjustment
+of the output in the indicated field;
+.It Cm \&+
+A
+.Sq \&+
+character specifying that there should always be
+a sign placed before the number when using signed formats.
+.It Sq \&\ \&
+A space specifying that a blank should be left before a positive number
+for a signed format.
+A
+.Sq \&+
+overrides a space if both are used;
+.It Cm \&0
+A zero `0' character indicating that zero-padding should be used
+rather than blank-padding.
+A
+.Sq \-
+overrides a
+.Sq \&0
+if both are used;
+.El
+.It Field Width :
+An optional digit string specifying a
+.Em field width ;
+if the output string has fewer characters than the field width it will
+be blank-padded on the left (or right, if the left-adjustment indicator
+has been given) to make up the field width (note that a leading zero
+is a flag, but an embedded zero is part of a field width);
+.It Precision :
+An optional period,
+.Sq Cm \&. ,
+followed by an optional digit string giving a
+.Em precision
+which specifies the number of digits to appear after the decimal point,
+for
+.Cm e
+and
+.Cm f
+formats, or the maximum number of characters to be printed
+from a string
+.Sm off
+.Pf ( Cm b ,
+.Sm on
+.Cm B ,
+and
+.Cm s
+formats); if the digit string is missing, the precision is treated
+as zero;
+.It Format :
+A character which indicates the type of format to use (one of
+.Cm diouxXfwEgGbBcs ) .
+.El
+.Pp
+A field width or precision may be
+.Sq Cm \&*
+instead of a digit string.
+In this case an
+.Ar argument
+supplies the field width or precision.
+.Pp
+The format characters and their meanings are:
+.Bl -tag -width Fl
+.It Cm diouXx
+The
+.Ar argument
+is printed as a signed decimal (d or i), unsigned octal, unsigned decimal,
+or unsigned hexadecimal (X or x), respectively.
+.It Cm f
+The
+.Ar argument
+is printed in the style
+.Sm off
+.Pf [\-]ddd Cm \&. No ddd
+.Sm on
+where the number of d's
+after the decimal point is equal to the precision specification for
+the argument.
+If the precision is missing, 6 digits are given; if the precision
+is explicitly 0, no digits and no decimal point are printed.
+.It Cm eE
+The
+.Ar argument
+is printed in the style
+.Sm off
+.Pf [\-]d Cm \&. No ddd Cm e No \\*(Pmdd
+.Sm on
+where there
+is one digit before the decimal point and the number after is equal to
+the precision specification for the argument; when the precision is
+missing, 6 digits are produced.
+An upper-case E is used for an
+.Sq E
+format.
+.It Cm gG
+The
+.Ar argument
+is printed in style
+.Cm f
+or in style
+.Cm e
+.Pq Cm E
+whichever gives full precision in minimum space.
+.It Cm b
+Characters from the string
+.Ar argument
+are printed with backslash-escape sequences expanded.
+.br
+The following additional backslash-escape sequences are supported:
+.Bl -tag -width Ds
+.It Cm \ec
+Causes
+.Nm
+to ignore any remaining characters in the string operand containing it,
+any remaining string operands, and any additional characters in
+the format operand.
+.It Cm \e0 Ns Ar num
+Write an 8\-bit character whose
+.Tn ASCII
+value is the 1\-, 2\-, or 3\-digit
+octal number
+.Ar num .
+.It Cm \e^ Ns Ar c
+Write the control character
+.Ar c .
+Generates characters `\e000' through `\e037`, and `\e177' (from `\e^?').
+.It Cm \eM\- Ns Ar c
+Write the character
+.Ar c
+with the 8th bit set.
+Generates characters `\e241' through `\e376`.
+.It Cm \eM^ Ns Ar c
+Write the control character
+.Ar c
+with the 8th bit set.
+Generates characters `\e200' through `\e237`, and `\e377' (from `\eM^?').
+.El
+.It Cm B
+Characters from the string
+.Ar argument
+are printed with unprintable characters backslash-escaped using the
+.Sm off
+.Pf ` Cm \e Ar c No ',
+.Pf ` Cm \e^ Ar c No ',
+.Pf ` Cm \eM\- Ar c No '
+or
+.Pf ` Cm \eM^ Ar c No ',
+.Sm on
+formats described above.
+.It Cm c
+The first character of
+.Ar argument
+is printed.
+.It Cm s
+Characters from the string
+.Ar argument
+are printed until the end is reached or until the number of characters
+indicated by the precision specification is reached; if the
+precision is omitted, all characters in the string are printed.
+.It Cm \&%
+Print a `%'; no argument is used.
+.El
+.Pp
+In no case does a non-existent or small field width cause truncation of
+a field; padding takes place only if the specified field width exceeds
+the actual width.
+.Sh EXIT STATUS
+.Nm
+exits 0 on success, 1 on failure.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr echo 1 ,
+.Xr printf 3 ,
+.Xr vis 3 ,
+.Xr printf 9
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Nm
+utility conforms to
+.St -p1003.1-2001 .
+.Pp
+Support for the floating point formats and `*' as a field width and precision
+are optional in POSIX.
+.Pp
+The behaviour of the %B format and the \e', \e", \exxx, \ee and
+\e[M][\-|^]c escape sequences are undefined in POSIX.
+.Sh BUGS
+Since the floating point numbers are translated from
+.Tn ASCII
+to floating-point and
+then back again, floating-point precision may be lost.
+.Pp
+Hexadecimal character constants are restricted to, and should be specified
+as, two character constants.
+This is contrary to the ISO C standard but
+does guarantee detection of the end of the constant.
+.Sh NOTES
+All formats which treat the
+.Ar argument
+as a number first convert the
+.Ar argument
+from its external representation as a character string
+to an internal numeric representation, and then apply the
+format to the internal numeric representation, producing
+another external character string representation.
+One might expect the
+.Cm \&%c
+format to do likewise, but in fact it does not.
+.Pp
+To convert a string representation of a decimal, octal, or hexadecimal
+number into the corresponding character, two nested
+.Nm
+invocations may be used, in which the inner invocation
+converts the input to an octal string, and the outer
+invocation uses the octal string as part of a format.
+For example, the following command outputs the character whose code
+is 0x0A, which is a newline in ASCII:
+.Pp
+.Dl printf \&"$(printf \&"\e\e%o" \&"0x0A")"
--- /dev/null
+/* $NetBSD: printf.c,v 1.33.8.1 2009/10/14 18:37:30 sborrill Exp $ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
+ * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+#if !defined(BUILTIN) && !defined(SHELL)
+__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\
+ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.");
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)printf.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 3/22/95";
+#else
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: printf.c,v 1.33.8.1 2009/10/14 18:37:30 sborrill Exp $");
+#endif
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define ESCAPE '\e'
+#else
+#define ESCAPE 033
+#endif
+
+static void conv_escape_str(char *, void (*)(int));
+static char *conv_escape(char *, char *);
+static char *conv_expand(const char *);
+static int getchr(void);
+static double getdouble(void);
+static int getwidth(void);
+static intmax_t getintmax(void);
+static uintmax_t getuintmax(void);
+static char *getstr(void);
+static char *mklong(const char *, int);
+static void check_conversion(const char *, const char *);
+static void usage(void);
+
+static void b_count(int);
+static void b_output(int);
+static size_t b_length;
+static char *b_fmt;
+
+static int rval;
+static char **gargv;
+
+#ifdef BUILTIN /* csh builtin */
+#define main progprintf
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SHELL /* sh (aka ash) builtin */
+#define main printfcmd
+#include "../../bin/sh/bltin/bltin.h"
+#endif /* SHELL */
+
+#define PF(f, func) { \
+ if (fieldwidth != -1) { \
+ if (precision != -1) \
+ error = printf(f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
+ else \
+ error = printf(f, fieldwidth, func); \
+ } else if (precision != -1) \
+ error = printf(f, precision, func); \
+ else \
+ error = printf(f, func); \
+}
+
+#define APF(cpp, f, func) { \
+ if (fieldwidth != -1) { \
+ if (precision != -1) \
+ error = asprintf(cpp, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
+ else \
+ error = asprintf(cpp, f, fieldwidth, func); \
+ } else if (precision != -1) \
+ error = asprintf(cpp, f, precision, func); \
+ else \
+ error = asprintf(cpp, f, func); \
+}
+
+#ifdef main
+int main(int, char *[]);
+#endif
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ char *fmt, *start;
+ int fieldwidth, precision;
+ char nextch;
+ char *format;
+ int ch;
+ int error;
+
+#if !defined(SHELL) && !defined(BUILTIN)
+ (void)setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+#endif
+
+ while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1) {
+ switch (ch) {
+ case '?':
+ default:
+ usage();
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ argc -= optind;
+ argv += optind;
+
+ if (argc < 1) {
+ usage();
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ format = *argv;
+ gargv = ++argv;
+
+#define SKIP1 "#-+ 0"
+#define SKIP2 "0123456789"
+ do {
+ /*
+ * Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
+ * specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
+ * width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value.
+ * Note, format strings are reused as necessary to use up the
+ * provided arguments, arguments of zero/null string are
+ * provided to use up the format string.
+ */
+
+ /* find next format specification */
+ for (fmt = format; (ch = *fmt++) != '\0';) {
+ if (ch == '\\') {
+ char c_ch;
+ fmt = conv_escape(fmt, &c_ch);
+ putchar(c_ch);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (ch != '%' || (*fmt == '%' && ++fmt)) {
+ (void)putchar(ch);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Ok - we've found a format specification,
+ Save its address for a later printf(). */
+ start = fmt - 1;
+
+ /* skip to field width */
+ fmt += strspn(fmt, SKIP1);
+ if (*fmt == '*') {
+ fmt++;
+ fieldwidth = getwidth();
+ } else
+ fieldwidth = -1;
+
+ /* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
+ fmt += strspn(fmt, SKIP2);
+ if (*fmt == '.') {
+ fmt++;
+ if (*fmt == '*') {
+ fmt++;
+ precision = getwidth();
+ } else
+ precision = -1;
+ } else
+ precision = -1;
+
+ fmt += strspn(fmt, SKIP2);
+
+ ch = *fmt;
+ if (!ch) {
+ warnx("missing format character");
+ return (1);
+ }
+ /* null terminate format string to we can use it
+ as an argument to printf. */
+ nextch = fmt[1];
+ fmt[1] = 0;
+ switch (ch) {
+
+ case 'B': {
+ const char *p = conv_expand(getstr());
+ if (p == NULL)
+ goto out;
+ *fmt = 's';
+ PF(start, p);
+ if (error < 0)
+ goto out;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'b': {
+ /* There has to be a better way to do this,
+ * but the string we generate might have
+ * embedded nulls. */
+ static char *a, *t;
+ char *cp = getstr();
+ /* Free on entry in case shell longjumped out */
+ if (a != NULL)
+ free(a);
+ a = NULL;
+ if (t != NULL)
+ free(t);
+ t = NULL;
+ /* Count number of bytes we want to output */
+ b_length = 0;
+ conv_escape_str(cp, b_count);
+ t = malloc(b_length + 1);
+ if (t == NULL)
+ goto out;
+ (void)memset(t, 'x', b_length);
+ t[b_length] = 0;
+ /* Get printf to calculate the lengths */
+ *fmt = 's';
+ APF(&a, start, t);
+ if (error == -1)
+ goto out;
+ b_fmt = a;
+ /* Output leading spaces and data bytes */
+ conv_escape_str(cp, b_output);
+ /* Add any trailing spaces */
+ printf("%s", b_fmt);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'c': {
+ char p = getchr();
+ PF(start, p);
+ if (error < 0)
+ goto out;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 's': {
+ char *p = getstr();
+ PF(start, p);
+ if (error < 0)
+ goto out;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'd':
+ case 'i': {
+ intmax_t p = getintmax();
+ char *f = mklong(start, ch);
+ PF(f, p);
+ if (error < 0)
+ goto out;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'o':
+ case 'u':
+ case 'x':
+ case 'X': {
+ uintmax_t p = getuintmax();
+ char *f = mklong(start, ch);
+ PF(f, p);
+ if (error < 0)
+ goto out;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'e':
+ case 'E':
+ case 'f':
+ case 'g':
+ case 'G': {
+ double p = getdouble();
+ PF(start, p);
+ if (error < 0)
+ goto out;
+ break;
+ }
+ default:
+ warnx("%s: invalid directive", start);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ *fmt++ = ch;
+ *fmt = nextch;
+ /* escape if a \c was encountered */
+ if (rval & 0x100)
+ return rval & ~0x100;
+ }
+ } while (gargv != argv && *gargv);
+
+ return rval & ~0x100;
+out:
+ warn("print failed");
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* helper functions for conv_escape_str */
+
+static void
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+b_count(int ch)
+{
+ b_length++;
+}
+
+/* Output one converted character for every 'x' in the 'format' */
+
+static void
+b_output(int ch)
+{
+ for (;;) {
+ switch (*b_fmt++) {
+ case 0:
+ b_fmt--;
+ return;
+ case ' ':
+ putchar(' ');
+ break;
+ default:
+ putchar(ch);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Print SysV echo(1) style escape string
+ * Halts processing string if a \c escape is encountered.
+ */
+static void
+conv_escape_str(char *str, void (*do_putchar)(int))
+{
+ int value;
+ int ch;
+ char c;
+
+ while ((ch = *str++) != '\0') {
+ if (ch != '\\') {
+ do_putchar(ch);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ ch = *str++;
+ if (ch == 'c') {
+ /* \c as in SYSV echo - abort all processing.... */
+ rval |= 0x100;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * %b string octal constants are not like those in C.
+ * They start with a \0, and are followed by 0, 1, 2,
+ * or 3 octal digits.
+ */
+ if (ch == '0') {
+ int octnum = 0, i;
+ for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+ if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*str) || *str > '7')
+ break;
+ octnum = (octnum << 3) | (*str++ - '0');
+ }
+ do_putchar(octnum);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* \[M][^|-]C as defined by vis(3) */
+ if (ch == 'M' && *str == '-') {
+ do_putchar(0200 | str[1]);
+ str += 2;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (ch == 'M' && *str == '^') {
+ str++;
+ value = 0200;
+ ch = '^';
+ } else
+ value = 0;
+ if (ch == '^') {
+ ch = *str++;
+ if (ch == '?')
+ value |= 0177;
+ else
+ value |= ch & 037;
+ do_putchar(value);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Finally test for sequences valid in the format string */
+ str = conv_escape(str - 1, &c);
+ do_putchar(c);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print "standard" escape characters
+ */
+static char *
+conv_escape(char *str, char *conv_ch)
+{
+ int value;
+ int ch;
+ char num_buf[4], *num_end;
+
+ ch = *str++;
+
+ switch (ch) {
+ case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
+ case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
+ num_buf[0] = ch;
+ ch = str[0];
+ num_buf[1] = ch;
+ num_buf[2] = ch ? str[1] : 0;
+ num_buf[3] = 0;
+ value = strtoul(num_buf, &num_end, 8);
+ str += num_end - (num_buf + 1);
+ break;
+
+ case 'x':
+ /* Hexadecimal character constants are not required to be
+ supported (by SuS v1) because there is no consistent
+ way to detect the end of the constant.
+ Supporting 2 byte constants is a compromise. */
+ ch = str[0];
+ num_buf[0] = ch;
+ num_buf[1] = ch ? str[1] : 0;
+ num_buf[2] = 0;
+ value = strtoul(num_buf, &num_end, 16);
+ str += num_end - num_buf;
+ break;
+
+ case '\\': value = '\\'; break; /* backslash */
+ case '\'': value = '\''; break; /* single quote */
+ case '"': value = '"'; break; /* double quote */
+ case 'a': value = '\a'; break; /* alert */
+ case 'b': value = '\b'; break; /* backspace */
+ case 'e': value = ESCAPE; break; /* escape */
+ case 'f': value = '\f'; break; /* form-feed */
+ case 'n': value = '\n'; break; /* newline */
+ case 'r': value = '\r'; break; /* carriage-return */
+ case 't': value = '\t'; break; /* tab */
+ case 'v': value = '\v'; break; /* vertical-tab */
+
+ default:
+ warnx("unknown escape sequence `\\%c'", ch);
+ rval = 1;
+ value = ch;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ *conv_ch = value;
+ return str;
+}
+
+/* expand a string so that everything is printable */
+
+static char *
+conv_expand(const char *str)
+{
+ static char *conv_str;
+ char *cp;
+ int ch;
+
+ if (conv_str)
+ free(conv_str);
+ /* get a buffer that is definitely large enough.... */
+ conv_str = malloc(4 * strlen(str) + 1);
+ if (!conv_str)
+ return NULL;
+ cp = conv_str;
+
+ while ((ch = *(const unsigned char *)str++) != '\0') {
+ switch (ch) {
+ /* Use C escapes for expected control characters */
+ case '\\': ch = '\\'; break; /* backslash */
+ case '\'': ch = '\''; break; /* single quote */
+ case '"': ch = '"'; break; /* double quote */
+ case '\a': ch = 'a'; break; /* alert */
+ case '\b': ch = 'b'; break; /* backspace */
+ case ESCAPE: ch = 'e'; break; /* escape */
+ case '\f': ch = 'f'; break; /* form-feed */
+ case '\n': ch = 'n'; break; /* newline */
+ case '\r': ch = 'r'; break; /* carriage-return */
+ case '\t': ch = 't'; break; /* tab */
+ case '\v': ch = 'v'; break; /* vertical-tab */
+ default:
+ /* Copy anything printable */
+ if (isprint(ch)) {
+ *cp++ = ch;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* Use vis(3) encodings for the rest */
+ *cp++ = '\\';
+ if (ch & 0200) {
+ *cp++ = 'M';
+ ch &= ~0200;
+ }
+ if (ch == 0177) {
+ *cp++ = '^';
+ *cp++ = '?';
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (ch < 040) {
+ *cp++ = '^';
+ *cp++ = ch | 0100;
+ continue;
+ }
+ *cp++ = '-';
+ *cp++ = ch;
+ continue;
+ }
+ *cp++ = '\\';
+ *cp++ = ch;
+ }
+
+ *cp = 0;
+ return conv_str;
+}
+
+static char *
+mklong(const char *str, int ch)
+{
+ static char copy[64];
+ size_t len;
+
+ len = strlen(str) + 2;
+ if (len > sizeof copy) {
+ warnx("format %s too complex\n", str);
+ len = 4;
+ }
+ (void)memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
+ copy[len - 3] = 'j';
+ copy[len - 2] = ch;
+ copy[len - 1] = '\0';
+ return copy;
+}
+
+static int
+getchr(void)
+{
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return 0;
+ return (int)**gargv++;
+}
+
+static char *
+getstr(void)
+{
+ static char empty[] = "";
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return empty;
+ return *gargv++;
+}
+
+static int
+getwidth(void)
+{
+ long val;
+ char *s, *ep;
+
+ s = *gargv;
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return (0);
+ gargv++;
+
+ errno = 0;
+ val = strtoul(s, &ep, 0);
+ check_conversion(s, ep);
+
+ /* Arbitrarily 'restrict' field widths to 1Mbyte */
+ if (val < 0 || val > 1 << 20) {
+ warnx("%s: invalid field width", s);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return val;
+}
+
+static intmax_t
+getintmax(void)
+{
+ intmax_t val;
+ char *cp, *ep;
+
+ cp = *gargv;
+ if (cp == NULL)
+ return 0;
+ gargv++;
+
+ if (*cp == '\"' || *cp == '\'')
+ return *(cp+1);
+
+ errno = 0;
+ val = strtoimax(cp, &ep, 0);
+ check_conversion(cp, ep);
+ return val;
+}
+
+static uintmax_t
+getuintmax(void)
+{
+ uintmax_t val;
+ char *cp, *ep;
+
+ cp = *gargv;
+ if (cp == NULL)
+ return 0;
+ gargv++;
+
+ if (*cp == '\"' || *cp == '\'')
+ return *(cp + 1);
+
+ /* strtoumax won't error -ve values */
+ while (isspace(*(unsigned char *)cp))
+ cp++;
+ if (*cp == '-') {
+ warnx("%s: expected positive numeric value", cp);
+ rval = 1;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ errno = 0;
+ val = strtoumax(cp, &ep, 0);
+ check_conversion(cp, ep);
+ return val;
+}
+
+static double
+getdouble(void)
+{
+ double val;
+ char *ep;
+
+ if (!*gargv)
+ return (0.0);
+
+ if (**gargv == '\"' || **gargv == '\'')
+ return (double) *((*gargv++)+1);
+
+ errno = 0;
+ val = strtod(*gargv, &ep);
+ check_conversion(*gargv++, ep);
+ return val;
+}
+
+static void
+check_conversion(const char *s, const char *ep)
+{
+ if (*ep) {
+ if (ep == s)
+ warnx("%s: expected numeric value", s);
+ else
+ warnx("%s: not completely converted", s);
+ rval = 1;
+ } else if (errno == ERANGE) {
+ warnx("%s: %s", s, strerror(ERANGE));
+ rval = 1;
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s format [arg ...]\n", getprogname());
+}