-.TH HIER 7
+.\"" Modified Thu Jun 23 19:05:15 2011 by Vivek Prakash <vivekprakash@acm.org>
+.TH HIER 7 2011-06-23 "MINIX 3" "MINIX 3 Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
-hier \- file system hierarchy
+hier \- Description of the file system hierarchy
.SH DESCRIPTION
-.de SP
-.if t .sp 0.4
-.if n .sp
-..
A tour through the MINIX 3 directory hierarchy.
+.TP
+.I /
+This is where the whole tree starts, and is called root.
+.TP
+.I /bin/
+Contains the utility programs; see also \fB/sbin/\fP, \fB/usr/bin/\fP, \fB/usr/sbin\fP.
+.PP
.nf
-.SP
-/ root
-.SP
-/bin/ Utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1)
- cat Show files, \fBcat\fP(1)
- sh Shell, \fBsh\fP(1)
- mount Mount file systems, \fBmount\fP(8)
- ...
-.SP
-/boot Boot Monitor, \fBmonitor\fP(8)
-.SP
-/dev/ devices (4)
- console
- Main console, \fBtty\fP(4)
- tty* Terminals, \fBtty\fP(4)
- hd* Hard disk, \fBhd\fP(4)
- fd* Floppy disk, \fBfd\fP(4)
- ...
-.SP
-/etc/ System configuration and data files, cf /usr/etc/ (1,5,8)
- ethers Ethernet addresses database, \fBethers\fP(5)
- fstab File system table, \fBfstab\fP(5)
- group Groups database, \fBgroup\fP(5)
- hostname.file
- Name of the local system, \fBusage\fP(5)
- hosts TCP/IP hosts database, \fBhosts\fP(5)
- hosts.equiv
- Network equivalent hosts, \fBhosts.equiv\fP(5)
- inet.conf
- Inet server config file, \fBinet\fP(8)
- keymap Keymap for custom keyboard, \fBloadkeys\fP(8)
- motd Message of the day, \fBlogin\fP(1)
- mtab Mounted file system table, \fBfstab\fP(5)
- passwd User database, \fBpasswd\fP(5)
- profile
- System wide shell profile, \fBsh\fP(1)
- rc System startup script, \fBboot\fP(8)
- resolv.conf
- TCP/IP domain name system, \fBresolv.conf\fP(5)
- services
- TCP/IP names to services, \fBservices\fP(5)
- serv.access
- Internet service access control, \fBserv.access\fP(5)
- shadow Shadow password database, \fBpasswd\fP(5)
- termcap
- Terminal type descriptions, \fBtermcap\fP(5)
- ttytab Terminals device table, \fBttytab\fP(5)
- utmp User login database, \fBlogin\fP(1)
- ...
-.SP
-/minix
- MINIX 3 kernel image, \fBmonitor\fP(8)
-.SP
-/tmp/ Small, short-lived temporary files, cf /usr/tmp/
-.SP
-/usr/ Home directories and more system files
-.SP
- adm/ System administration files (1,5,8)
- lastlog
- Last logins, \fBlogin\fP(1)
- log
- Default log file
- old
- Last weeks log files
- wtmp
- User logins and logouts, \fBlogin\fP(1)
- *.cache
- Cached data of some programs
- ...
-.SP
- ast/ Honorary home directory of Andrew S. Tanenbaum
- Also new user initial files
-.SP
- \fIuser\fP/ Home directory of \fIuser\fP
- .ashrc Ash (shell) startup, \fBash\fP(1)
- .ellepro.b1
- Elle (editor) startup (compiled), \fBelle\fP(1)
- .ellepro.e
- Elle (editor) startup (text), \fBelle\fP(1)
- .exrc Ex/vi (editor) startup, \fBex\fP(1)
- .profile
- Custom user shell profile, \fBsh\fP(1)
- .rhosts Remote user permission file, \fBrhosts\fP(5)
- ...
-.SP
- bin/ User programs
- cc C compiler, \fBcc\fP(1)
- cp Copy files, \fBcp\fP(1)
- ls List files, \fBls\fP(1)
- man Show manual pages, \fBman\fP(1)
- ...
-.SP
- etc/ More system data files, cf /etc (8)
- rc Continued system startup, \fBboot\fP(8)
- daily
- Daily system cleanup
- ...
-.SP
- include/
- C-compiler include files
- minix/ MINIX 3 kernel include files
- ...
- ...
-.SP
- lib/ Compiler libraries and other support stuff
- cawf/ Text formatter support files, \fBcawf\fP(1)
- crontab
- Cron jobs, \fBcron\fP(8)
- dict/ Word lists
- words American English word list, \fBlook\fP(1)
- ...
- libc.a C library (Minix-8086 only), \fBcc\fP(1)
- \fIarch\fP Per architecture compiler binaries and
- libaries, \fBcc\fP(1)
- ...
-.SP
- local/ Local software, cf /usr/
- bin/ Local utilities
- etc/ Local data files
- rc Local system startup
- ...
- man/ Local manual pages
- src/ Local sources
- ...
-.SP
- man/ Manual pages, \fBman\fP(1)
- cat*/ Preformatted manual pages
- man0/ Section 0, Book style user commands
- man1/ User commands
- man2/ System calls
- man3/ Library routines
- man4/ Device files
- man5/ File formats
- man6/ Games
- man7/ Miscellaneous
- man8/ System utilities
- whatis Table of manual pages, \fBwhatis\fP(5)
- ...
-.SP
- mdec/
- boot Bootstrap code, \fBinstallboot\fP(8)
- ...
-.SP
- preserve/
- Saved elvis editor buffers, \fBelvprsv\fP(8), \fBelvrec\fP(1)
-.SP
- spool/ Mail and command spooling
- at/ At jobs, \fBat\fP(1)
- past/ Completed at jobs
- mail/ Mail drops, \fBmail\fP(1)
- \fIuser\fP Mailbox of \fIuser\fP
- ...
- ...
-.SP
- src/ System and command sources (home of bin)
- LICENSE
- MINIX 3 license to use
- commands/
- Utility sources
- crclist
- CRC checksums of the source tree, \fBsrccrc\fP(8)
- lib/ Library sources
- fs/ File system
- inet/ TCP/IP task
- kernel/
- Kernel
- mm/ Memory manager
- boot/ Boot Monitor
- tools/ Kernel image making tools, \fBtools\fP(8)
-.SP
- tmp/ Large temporary files
+ \fBcat\fP show files, \fBcat\fP(1)
+ \fBcp\fP copy files and directories, \fBcp\fP(1)
+ \fBmount\fP mount file systems, \fBmount\fP(1)
+ \fBsh\fP shell
+ ...
.fi
+.TP
+.I /boot/
+Contains images and files which are needed during the boot process. See \fBmonitor\fP(8).
+.TP
+.I /dev/
+Contains device, block, or other special files. See
+.BR mknod(2).
+.PP
+.nf
+ \fBconsole\fP computer's console device, \fBtty\fP(4)
+ \fBfd*\fP floppy disk, \fBfd\fP(4)
+ \fBhd*\fP hard disk, \fBhd\fP(4)
+ \fBnull\fP accetps and discards all input; produces no output
+ \fBtty*\fP terminal device, \fBtty\fP(4)
+ \fBzero\fP the zero device; produces null bytes
+ ...
+.fi
+.TP
+.I /etc/
+System configuration and data files; see also \fB/usr/etc/\fP.
+.PP
+.nf
+ \fBethers\fP ethernet addresses database, \fBethers\fP(5)
+ \fBfstab\fP filesystem table, \fBfstab\fP(5)
+ \fBgroup\fP group permissions file
+ \fBhostname.file\fP
+ name of the local system, \fBusage\fP(5)
+ \fBhosts\fP TCP/IP hosts database, \fBhosts\fP(5)
+ \fBhosts.equiv\fP
+ trusted remote users or hosts, \fBrhosts\fP(5)
+ \fBinet.conf\fP
+ internet server config file, \fBinet\fP(8)
+ \fBkeymap\fP keymap for custom keyboard, \fBloadkeys\fP(1)
+ \fBman.conf\fP
+ configuration file for man(1), \fBman.conf\fP(5)
+ \fBmotd\fP system message of the day, \fBlogin\fP(1)
+ \fBmtab\fP mounted file system table, \fBfstab\fP(5)
+ \fBpasswd\fP user database, \fBpasswd\fP(1)
+ \fBprofile\fP system wide shell profile
+ \fBrc\fP system startup script, \fBboot\fP(8)
+ \fBresolv.conf\fP
+ TCP/IP domain name system, \fBresolv.conf\fP(5)
+ \fBservices\fP
+ TCP/IP names to services
+ \fBserv.access\fP
+ internet service access control, \fBserv.access\fP(5)
+ \fBshadow\fP shadow password database, \fBpasswd\fP(5)
+ \fBtermcap\fP terminal type descriptions, \fBtermcap\fP(1)
+ \fBttytab\fP terminals device table, \fBttytab\fP(5)
+ \fButmp\fP user login database, \fButmp\fP(5)
+ ...
+.fi
+.TP
+.I /home/
+Contains home directories for users.
+.PP
+.nf
+ \fBbin\fP home directory for user bin
+ \fBast\fP Honorary home directory of Andrew S. Tanenbaum
+.fi
+.TP
+.I /mnt/
+Mount point for temporarily mounted file system.
+.TP
+.I /proc/
+Mount point for the process file system, which provides information about running processes and the kernel.
+.TP
+.I /root/
+This directory is the home directory for the root user.
+.PP
+.nf
+ \fB.ashrc\fP ash (shell) startup configuration, \fBash\fP(1)
+ \fB.ellepro.b1\fP
+ elle (editor) startup configuration (compiled), \fBelle\fP(1)
+ \fB.ellepro.e\fP
+ elle (editor) startup configuration (text), \fBelle\fP(1)
+ \fB.exrc\fP ex/vi (editor) startup configuration, \fBvim\fP(1)
+ \fB.profile\fP
+ login shell profile configuration
+ \fB.rhosts\fP remote users permission file, \fBrhosts\fP(5)
+ \fB.ssh/\fP contains user private keys, known_hosts and
+ authorized_keys, \fBssh\fP(1)
+.fi
+.TP
+.I /sbin/
+Contains system programs and administrative utilites.
+.TP
+.I /tmp/
+Contains small, short-lived temporary files; see also \fB/usr/tmp/\fP.
+.TP
+.I /usr/
+Contains source and majority of system utilities and files
+.PP
+.nf
+ \fIadm/\fP Contains System administration files.
+
+ \fBlastlog\fP last logins, \fBlogin\fP(1)
+ \fBlog\fP default log file
+ \fBold\fP last weeks log files
+ \fBwtmp\fP user logins and logouts, \fBlogin\fP(1)
+ \fB*.cache\fP cached data of some programs
+ ...
+
+ \fIast/\fP Contains user skeleton files.
+
+ \fIbin/\fP Common user programs and utilities.
+
+ \fBcc\fP MINIX 3 c compiler, \fBcc\fP(1)
+ \fBman\fP show manual pages, \fBman\fP(1)
+ ...
+
+ \fIetc/\fP More system data files; see also \fB/etc\fP.
+
+ \fBdaily\fP daily system cleanup
+ \fBrc\fP continued system initialization, \fBboot\fP(8)
+
+ \fIinclude/\fP
+ Standard C include files.
+
+ \fBarpa\fP include files for Internet service protocols
+ \fBmachine\fP machine specific include files
+ \fBminix\fP MINIX 3 kernel include files
+ \fBnetinet\fP include files for Inernet standard protocols, see
+ \fBinet\fP(8)
+ \fBsys\fP system C include files.
+ ...
+
+ \fIlib/\fP Compiler libraries and other support files.
+
+ \fBcawf/\fP text formatter support files, \fBcawf\fP(1)
+ \fBcrontab\fP cron jobs, \fBcron\fP(8)
+ \fBdict/\fP word lists
+ \fBlibc.a\fP C library (Minix-8086 only), \fBcc\fP(1)
+ \fBarch\fP per architecture compiler binaries and
+ libaries, \fBcc\fP(1)
+ ...
+
+ \fIlocal/\fP
+ Contains programs which are related to local softwares.
+
+ \fBbin/\fP utilities for locally installed programs
+ \fBetc/\fP local configuration and data files
+ \fBrc\fP local system startup
+ \fBman/\fP manual pages associated with local programs
+ \fBsrc/\fP local sources
+ ...
+
+ \fIman/\fP Contains manual pages in subdirectories according to
+ the man page sections. See \fBman\fP(1).
+
+ \fBcat*/\fP preformatted manual pages
+ \fBman0/\fP section 0, Book style user commands
+ \fBman1/\fP user commands
+ \fBman2/\fP system calls
+ \fBman3/\fP library routines
+ \fBman4/\fP device files
+ \fBman5/\fP file formats
+ \fBman6/\fP games
+ \fBman7/\fP miscellaneous
+ \fBman8/\fP system utilities
+ \fBwhatis\fP table of manual pages, \fBwhatis\fP(5)
+ ...
+
+ \fImdec/\fP
+ Contains binaries associated with various boot programs.
+
+ \fBboot\fP bootstrap code, \fBinstallboot\fP(8)
+ ...
+
+ \fIpreserve/\fP
+ Contains saved elvis editor buffers.
+ See \fBelvprsv\fP(8), \fBelvrec\fP(1).
+
+ \fIspool/\fP
+ Contains spooled files for various commands and
+ mail programs.
+
+ \fBat/\fP spooled jobs for \fBat\fP(1)
+ \fBat/past/\fP completed \fBat\fP(1) jobs
+ \fBcrontabs/\fP spooled jobs for \fBcron\fP(8)
+ \fBlpd/\fP spooled files for printing
+ \fBmail/\fP mail drops, \fBmail\fP(1)
+ \fBuser\fP mailbox of user
+ ...
+
+ \fIsrc/\fP Contains system and command source files.
+
+ \fBLICENSE\fP MINIX 3 license to use
+ \fBMakefile\fP targets for building and installing libraries,
+ utilities and boot files
+ \fBbenchmarks/\fP
+ test programs for system and graphic tests
+ \fBboot/\fP source files for boot monitor package
+ \fBcommands/\fP source file for command utilities
+ \fBcommon/\fP
+ \fBinclude/\fP includes common to NetBSD and Minix
+ \fBlib/\fP lib files common to NetBSD kernel and libc
+ \fBcrclist\fP CRC checksums of the source tree, \fBsrccrc\fP(8)
+ \fBdocs/\fP documents related to recent source changes
+ \fBdrivers/\fP source files for various device drivers
+ \fBetc/\fP source for files in /etc/
+ \fBinclude/\fP standard C include source files
+ \fBkernel/\fP kernel source files
+ \fBlib/\fP source for libraries in /usr/lib/
+ \fBman/\fP manual pages
+ \fBservers/\fP source files for system servers
+ \fBshare/\fP source for files in /usr/share/
+ \fBtest/\fP source files for system test programs
+ \fBtools/\fP kernel image making tools
+ ...
+
+ \fItmp/\fP Contains large, short lived temporary files.
+.fi
+
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ls (1),
.BR man (1),
.BR find (1),
.BR grep (1),
+.BR mount (1),
.BR checkhier (8).
.SH NOTES
Not all of the directories and files shown are present. They must be