old-tzcode-32-bit-output and tzdata2007d.
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)Makefile 7.109
+
+# Change the line below for your time zone (after finding the zone you want in
+# the time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
+# Alternately, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
+# zic -l rightzone
+# to correct things.
+# Use the command
+# make zonenames
+# to get a list of the values you can use for LOCALTIME.
+
+LOCALTIME= Factory
+
+# If you want something other than Eastern United States time as a template
+# for handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables,
+# change the line below (after finding the zone you want in the
+# time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
+# (When a POSIX-style environment variable is handled, the rules in the
+# template file are used to determine "spring forward" and "fall back" days and
+# times; the environment variable itself specifies UTC offsets of standard and
+# summer time.)
+# Alternately, if you discover you've got the wrong time zone, you can just
+# zic -p rightzone
+# to correct things.
+# Use the command
+# make zonenames
+# to get a list of the values you can use for POSIXRULES.
+# If you want POSIX compatibility, use "America/New_York".
+
+POSIXRULES= America/New_York
+
+# Also see TZDEFRULESTRING below, which takes effect only
+# if the time zone files cannot be accessed.
+
+# Everything gets put in subdirectories of. . .
+
+TOPDIR= /usr/local
+
+# "Compiled" time zone information is placed in the "TZDIR" directory
+# (and subdirectories).
+# Use an absolute path name for TZDIR unless you're just testing the software.
+
+TZDIR= $(TOPDIR)/etc/zoneinfo
+
+# The "tzselect", "zic", and "zdump" commands get installed in. . .
+
+ETCDIR= $(TOPDIR)/etc
+
+# If you "make INSTALL", the "date" command gets installed in. . .
+
+BINDIR= $(TOPDIR)/bin
+
+# Manual pages go in subdirectories of. . .
+
+MANDIR= $(TOPDIR)/man
+
+# Library functions are put in an archive in LIBDIR.
+
+LIBDIR= $(TOPDIR)/lib
+TZLIB= $(LIBDIR)/libtz.a
+
+# If you always want time values interpreted as "seconds since the epoch
+# (not counting leap seconds)", use
+# REDO= posix_only
+# below. If you always want right time values interpreted as "seconds since
+# the epoch" (counting leap seconds)", use
+# REDO= right_only
+# below. If you want both sets of data available, with leap seconds not
+# counted normally, use
+# REDO= posix_right
+# below. If you want both sets of data available, with leap seconds counted
+# normally, use
+# REDO= right_posix
+# below.
+# POSIX mandates that leap seconds not be counted; for compatibility with it,
+# use either "posix_only" or "posix_right".
+
+REDO= posix_right
+
+# Since "." may not be in PATH...
+
+YEARISTYPE= ./yearistype
+
+# Non-default libraries needed to link.
+# Add -lintl if you want to use `gettext' on Solaris.
+LDLIBS=
+
+# Add the following to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line as needed.
+# -Dconst= if `const' does not work (SunOS 4.x cc, OSF1 V5.0 cc)
+# -DHAVE_ADJTIME=0 if `adjtime' does not exist (SVR0?)
+# -DHAVE_GETTEXT=1 if `gettext' works (GNU, Linux, Solaris); also see LDLIBS
+# -DHAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R=1 if your system's time.h declares
+# ctime_r and asctime_r incompatibly with the POSIX standard (Solaris 8).
+# -DHAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY=0 if settimeofday does not exist (SVR0?)
+# -DHAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY=1 if settimeofday has just 1 arg (SVR4)
+# -DHAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY=2 if settimeofday uses 2nd arg (4.3BSD)
+# -DHAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY=3 if settimeofday ignores 2nd arg (4.4BSD)
+# -DHAVE_STRERROR=0 if your system lacks the strerror function
+# -DHAVE_SYMLINK=0 if your system lacks the symlink function
+# -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "sys/stat.h"
+# -DHAVE_SYS_WAIT_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "sys/wait.h"
+# -DLOCALE_HOME=\"path\" if locales are in "path", not "/usr/lib/locale"
+# -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=0 if your compiler lacks a "unistd.h" (Microsoft C++ 7?)
+# -DHAVE_UTMPX_H=1 if your compiler has a "utmpx.h"
+# -DTZDEFRULESTRING=\",date/time,date/time\" to default to the specified
+# DST transitions if the time zone files cannot be accessed
+# -DTZ_DOMAIN=\"foo\" to use "foo" for gettext domain name; default is "tz"
+# -TTZ_DOMAINDIR=\"/path\" to use "/path" for gettext directory;
+# the default is system-supplied, typically "/usr/lib/locale"
+# $(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS) if you are using GCC and want lots of checking
+# -DNO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU=1
+# if you do not want run time warnings about formats that may cause
+# year 2000 grief
+# -DZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN=3
+# (or some other number) to set the maximum time zone abbreviation length
+# that zic will accept without a warning (the default is 6)
+GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS = -Dlint -g -O -fno-common \
+ -Wall -Wcast-qual -Wconversion -Wmissing-prototypes \
+ -Wnested-externs -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow \
+ -Wtraditional # -Wstrict-prototypes -Wwrite-strings
+#
+# If you want to use System V compatibility code, add
+# -DUSG_COMPAT
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line. This arrange for "timezone" and "daylight"
+# variables to be kept up-to-date by the time conversion functions. Neither
+# "timezone" nor "daylight" is described in X3J11's work.
+#
+# If your system has a "GMT offset" field in its "struct tm"s
+# (or if you decide to add such a field in your system's "time.h" file),
+# add the name to a define such as
+# -DTM_GMTOFF=tm_gmtoff
+# or
+# -DTM_GMTOFF=_tm_gmtoff
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+# Neither tm_gmtoff nor _tm_gmtoff is described in X3J11's work;
+# in its work, use of "tm_gmtoff" is described as non-conforming.
+# Both Linux and BSD have done the equivalent of defining TM_GMTOFF in
+# their recent releases.
+#
+# If your system has a "zone abbreviation" field in its "struct tm"s
+# (or if you decide to add such a field in your system's "time.h" file),
+# add the name to a define such as
+# -DTM_ZONE=tm_zone
+# or
+# -DTM_ZONE=_tm_zone
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+# Neither tm_zone nor _tm_zone is described in X3J11's work;
+# in its work, use of "tm_zone" is described as non-conforming.
+# Both UCB and Sun have done the equivalent of defining TM_ZONE in
+# their recent releases.
+#
+# If you want functions that were inspired by early versions of X3J11's work,
+# add
+# -DSTD_INSPIRED
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line. This arranges for the functions
+# "tzsetwall", "offtime", "timelocal", "timegm", "timeoff",
+# "posix2time", and "time2posix" to be added to the time conversion library.
+# "tzsetwall" is like "tzset" except that it arranges for local wall clock
+# time (rather than the time specified in the TZ environment variable)
+# to be used.
+# "offtime" is like "gmtime" except that it accepts a second (long) argument
+# that gives an offset to add to the time_t when converting it.
+# "timelocal" is equivalent to "mktime".
+# "timegm" is like "timelocal" except that it turns a struct tm into
+# a time_t using UTC (rather than local time as "timelocal" does).
+# "timeoff" is like "timegm" except that it accepts a second (long) argument
+# that gives an offset to use when converting to a time_t.
+# "posix2time" and "time2posix" are described in an included manual page.
+# X3J11's work does not describe any of these functions.
+# Sun has provided "tzsetwall", "timelocal", and "timegm" in SunOS 4.0.
+# These functions may well disappear in future releases of the time
+# conversion package.
+#
+# If you want Source Code Control System ID's left out of object modules, add
+# -DNOID
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+#
+# If you'll never want to handle solar-time-based time zones, add
+# -DNOSOLAR
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line
+# (and comment out the "SDATA=" line below).
+# This reduces (slightly) the run-time data-space requirements of
+# the time conversion functions; it may reduce the acceptability of your system
+# to folks in oil- and cash-rich places.
+#
+# If you want to allocate state structures in localtime, add
+# -DALL_STATE
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line. Storage is obtained by calling malloc.
+#
+# If you want an "altzone" variable (a la System V Release 3.1), add
+# -DALTZONE
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+# This variable is not described in X3J11's work.
+#
+# If you want a "gtime" function (a la MACH), add
+# -DCMUCS
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line
+# This function is not described in X3J11's work.
+#
+# NIST-PCTS:151-2, Version 1.4, (1993-12-03) is a test suite put
+# out by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
+# which claims to test C and Posix conformance. If you want to pass PCTS, add
+# -DPCTS
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line.
+#
+# If you want strict compliance with XPG4 as of 1994-04-09, add
+# -DXPG4_1994_04_09
+# to the end of the "CFLAGS=" line. This causes "strftime" to always return
+# 53 as a week number (rather than 52 or 53) for those days in January that
+# before the first Monday in January when a "%V" format is used and January 1
+# falls on a Friday, Saturday, or Sunday.
+
+CFLAGS=
+
+# If you want zic's -s option used when installing, uncomment the next line
+# ZFLAGS= -s
+
+zic= ./zic
+ZIC= $(zic) $(ZFLAGS)
+
+# The name of a Posix-compliant `awk' on your system.
+AWK= nawk
+
+# The path where SGML DTDs are kept.
+SGML_SEARCH_PATH= $(TOPDIR)/share/doc/sgml-lib/REC-xhtml1-20000126/
+
+# The catalog file(s) to use when validating XHTML.
+SGML_CATALOG_FILES= xhtml.soc
+
+# The name, arguments and environment of a program to validate your web pages.
+# See <http://www.jclark.com/sp/> for a validator, and
+# <http://validator.w3.org/source/> for a validation library.
+VALIDATE = nsgmls
+VALIDATE_FLAGS = -s -B -wall -wno-unused-param -wxml
+VALIDATE_ENV = \
+ SGML_CATALOG_FILES=$(SGML_CATALOG_FILES) \
+ SGML_SEARCH_PATH=$(SGML_SEARCH_PATH) \
+ SP_CHARSET_FIXED=YES \
+ SP_ENCODING=UTF-8
+
+###############################################################################
+
+cc= cc
+CC= $(cc) -DTZDIR=\"$(TZDIR)\"
+
+TZCSRCS= zic.c localtime.c asctime.c scheck.c ialloc.c
+TZCOBJS= zic.o localtime.o asctime.o scheck.o ialloc.o
+TZDSRCS= zdump.c localtime.c ialloc.c
+TZDOBJS= zdump.o localtime.o ialloc.o
+DATESRCS= date.c localtime.c logwtmp.c strftime.c asctime.c
+DATEOBJS= date.o localtime.o logwtmp.o strftime.o asctime.o
+LIBSRCS= localtime.c asctime.c difftime.c
+LIBOBJS= localtime.o asctime.o difftime.o
+HEADERS= tzfile.h private.h
+NONLIBSRCS= zic.c zdump.c scheck.c ialloc.c
+NEWUCBSRCS= date.c logwtmp.c strftime.c
+SOURCES= $(HEADERS) $(LIBSRCS) $(NONLIBSRCS) $(NEWUCBSRCS) tzselect.ksh
+MANS= newctime.3 newstrftime.3 newtzset.3 time2posix.3 \
+ tzfile.5 tzselect.8 zic.8 zdump.8
+DOCS= README Theory $(MANS) date.1 Makefile
+PRIMARY_YDATA= africa antarctica asia australasia \
+ europe northamerica southamerica
+YDATA= $(PRIMARY_YDATA) pacificnew etcetera factory backward
+NDATA= systemv
+SDATA= solar87 solar88 solar89
+TDATA= $(YDATA) $(NDATA) $(SDATA)
+TABDATA= iso3166.tab zone.tab
+DATA= $(YDATA) $(NDATA) $(SDATA) $(TABDATA) leapseconds yearistype.sh
+WEB_PAGES= tz-art.htm tz-link.htm
+MISC= usno1988 usno1989 usno1989a usno1995 usno1997 usno1998 \
+ itca.jpg $(WEB_PAGES) checktab.awk workman.sh
+ENCHILADA= $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) $(DATA) $(MISC)
+
+# And for the benefit of csh users on systems that assume the user
+# shell should be used to handle commands in Makefiles. . .
+
+SHELL= /bin/sh
+
+all: tzselect zic zdump $(LIBOBJS)
+
+ALL: all date
+
+install: all $(DATA) $(REDO) $(TZLIB) $(MANS) $(TABDATA)
+ $(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) \
+ -d $(TZDIR) -l $(LOCALTIME) -p $(POSIXRULES)
+ -rm -f $(TZDIR)/iso3166.tab $(TZDIR)/zone.tab
+ cp iso3166.tab zone.tab $(TZDIR)/.
+ -mkdir $(TOPDIR) $(ETCDIR)
+ cp tzselect zic zdump $(ETCDIR)/.
+ -mkdir $(TOPDIR) $(MANDIR) \
+ $(MANDIR)/man3 $(MANDIR)/man5 $(MANDIR)/man8
+ -rm -f $(MANDIR)/man3/newctime.3 \
+ $(MANDIR)/man3/newtzset.3 \
+ $(MANDIR)/man5/tzfile.5 \
+ $(MANDIR)/man8/tzselect.8 \
+ $(MANDIR)/man8/zdump.8 \
+ $(MANDIR)/man8/zic.8
+ cp newctime.3 newtzset.3 $(MANDIR)/man3/.
+ cp tzfile.5 $(MANDIR)/man5/.
+ cp tzselect.8 zdump.8 zic.8 $(MANDIR)/man8/.
+
+INSTALL: ALL install date.1
+ -mkdir $(TOPDIR) $(BINDIR)
+ cp date $(BINDIR)/.
+ -mkdir $(TOPDIR) $(MANDIR) $(MANDIR)/man1
+ -rm -f $(MANDIR)/man1/date.1
+ cp date.1 $(MANDIR)/man1/.
+
+zdump: $(TZDOBJS)
+ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) $(TZDOBJS) $(LDLIBS) -o $@
+
+zic: $(TZCOBJS) yearistype
+ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) $(TZCOBJS) $(LDLIBS) -o $@
+
+yearistype: yearistype.sh
+ cp yearistype.sh yearistype
+ chmod +x yearistype
+
+posix_only: zic $(TDATA)
+ $(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) -d $(TZDIR) -L /dev/null $(TDATA)
+
+right_only: zic leapseconds $(TDATA)
+ $(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) -d $(TZDIR) -L leapseconds $(TDATA)
+
+# In earlier versions of this makefile, the other two directories were
+# subdirectories of $(TZDIR). However, this led to configuration errors.
+# For example, with posix_right under the earlier scheme,
+# TZ='right/Australia/Adelaide' got you localtime with leap seconds,
+# but gmtime without leap seconds, which led to problems with applications
+# like sendmail that subtract gmtime from localtime.
+# Therefore, the other two directories are now siblings of $(TZDIR).
+# You must replace all of $(TZDIR) to switch from not using leap seconds
+# to using them, or vice versa.
+other_two: zic leapseconds $(TDATA)
+ $(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) -d $(TZDIR)-posix -L /dev/null $(TDATA)
+ $(ZIC) -y $(YEARISTYPE) \
+ -d $(TZDIR)-leaps -L leapseconds $(TDATA)
+
+posix_right: posix_only other_two
+
+right_posix: right_only other_two
+
+zones: $(REDO)
+
+$(TZLIB): $(LIBOBJS)
+ -mkdir $(TOPDIR) $(LIBDIR)
+ ar ru $@ $(LIBOBJS)
+ if [ -x /usr/ucb/ranlib -o -x /usr/bin/ranlib ] ; \
+ then ranlib $@ ; fi
+
+# We use the system's logwtmp in preference to ours if available.
+
+date: $(DATEOBJS)
+ ar r ,lib.a logwtmp.o
+ if [ -x /usr/ucb/ranlib -o -x /usr/bin/ranlib ] ; \
+ then ranlib ,lib.a ; fi
+ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) date.o localtime.o asctime.o strftime.o \
+ $(LDLIBS) -lc ,lib.a -o $@
+ rm -f ,lib.a
+
+tzselect: tzselect.ksh
+ sed \
+ -e 's|AWK=[^}]*|AWK=$(AWK)|g' \
+ -e 's|TZDIR=[^}]*|TZDIR=$(TZDIR)|' \
+ <$? >$@
+ chmod +x $@
+
+check: check_tables check_web
+
+check_tables: checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA)
+ $(AWK) -f checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA)
+
+check_web: $(WEB_PAGES)
+ $(VALIDATE_ENV) $(VALIDATE) $(VALIDATE_FLAGS) $(WEB_PAGES)
+
+clean:
+ rm -f core *.o *.out tzselect zdump zic yearistype date
+
+maintainer-clean: clean
+ @echo 'This command is intended for maintainers to use; it'
+ @echo 'deletes files that may need special tools to rebuild.'
+ rm -f *.[1-8].txt tzcode.tar.gz tzdata.tar.gz
+
+names:
+ @echo $(ENCHILADA)
+
+# The zics below ensure that each data file can stand on its own.
+# We also do an all-files run to catch links to links.
+
+public: $(ENCHILADA)
+ make maintainer-clean
+ make "CFLAGS=$(GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS)"
+ -mkdir /tmp/,tzpublic
+ -for i in $(TDATA) ; do zic -v -d /tmp/,tzpublic $$i 2>&1 | grep -v "starting year" ; done
+ for i in $(TDATA) ; do zic -d /tmp/,tzpublic $$i || exit; done
+ zic -v -d /tmp/,tzpublic $(TDATA) || exit
+ rm -f -r /tmp/,tzpublic
+ for i in *.[1-8] ; do sh workman.sh $$i > $$i.txt || exit; done
+ $(AWK) -f checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA)
+ tar cf - $(DOCS) $(SOURCES) $(MISC) *.[1-8].txt | gzip -9 > tzcode.tar.gz
+ tar cf - $(DATA) | gzip -9 > tzdata.tar.gz
+
+typecheck:
+ make clean
+ for i in "long long" unsigned double; \
+ do \
+ make CFLAGS="-DTYPECHECK -D_TIME_T \"-Dtime_t=$$i\"" ; \
+ ./zdump -v Europe/Rome ; \
+ make clean ; \
+ done
+
+zonenames: $(TDATA)
+ @$(AWK) '/^Zone/ { print $$2 } /^Link/ { print $$3 }' $(TDATA)
+
+asctime.o: private.h tzfile.h
+date.o: private.h
+difftime.o: private.h
+ialloc.o: private.h
+localtime.o: private.h tzfile.h
+scheck.o: private.h
+strftime.o: tzfile.h
+zic.o: private.h tzfile.h
+
+.KEEP_STATE:
--- /dev/null
+@(#)README 7.12
+
+"What time is it?" -- Richard Deacon as The King
+"Any time you want it to be." -- Frank Baxter as The Scientist
+ (from the Bell System film "About Time")
+
+The 1989 update of the time zone package featured
+
+* POSIXization (including interpretation of POSIX-style TZ environment
+ variables, provided by Guy Harris),
+* ANSIfication (including versions of "mktime" and "difftime"),
+* SVIDulation (an "altzone" variable)
+* MACHination (the "gtime" function)
+* corrections to some time zone data (including corrections to the rules
+ for Great Britain and New Zealand)
+* reference data from the United States Naval Observatory for folks who
+ want to do additional time zones
+* and the 1989 data for Saudi Arabia.
+
+(Since this code will be treated as "part of the implementation" in some places
+and as "part of the application" in others, there's no good way to name
+functions, such as timegm, that are not part of the proposed ANSI C standard;
+such functions have kept their old, underscore-free names in this update.)
+
+And the "dysize" function has disappeared; it was present to allow compilation
+of the "date" command on old BSD systems, and a version of "date" is now
+provided in the package. The "date" command is not created when you "make all"
+since it may lack options provided by the version distributed with your
+operating system, or may not interact with the system in the same way the
+native version does.
+
+Since POSIX frowns on correct leap second handling, the default behavior of
+the "zic" command (in the absence of a "-L" option) has been changed to omit
+leap second information from its output files.
+
+Here is a recipe for acquiring, building, installing, and testing the
+tz distribution on a GNU/Linux or similar host.
+
+ mkdir tz
+ cd tz
+ wget 'ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tz*.tar.gz'
+ gzip -dc tzcode*.tar.gz | tar -xf -
+ gzip -dc tzdata*.tar.gz | tar -xf -
+
+Be sure to read the comments in "Makefile" and make any changes needed
+to make things right for your system, especially if you are using some
+platform other than GNU/Linux. Then run the following commands,
+substituting your desired installation directory for "$HOME/tzdir":
+
+ make TOPDIR=$HOME/tzdir install
+ $HOME/tzdir/etc/zdump -v America/Los_Angeles
+
+To use the new functions, use a "-ltz" option when compiling or linking.
+
+Historical local time information has been included here to:
+
+* provide a compendium of data about the history of civil time
+ that is useful even if the data are not 100% accurate;
+
+* give an idea of the variety of local time rules that have
+ existed in the past and thus an idea of the variety that may be
+ expected in the future;
+
+* provide a test of the generality of the local time rule description
+ system.
+
+The information in the time zone data files is by no means authoritative;
+the files currently do not even attempt to covar all time stamps before
+1970, and there are undoubtedly errors even for time stamps since 1970.
+If you know that the rules are different from those in a file, by all means
+feel free to change file (and please send the changed version to
+tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for use in the future). Europeans take note!
+
+Thanks to these Timezone Caballeros who've made major contributions to the
+time conversion package: Keith Bostic; Bob Devine; Paul Eggert; Robert Elz;
+Guy Harris; Mark Horton; John Mackin; and Bradley White. Thanks also to
+Michael Bloom, Art Neilson, Stephen Prince, John Sovereign, and Frank Wales
+for testing work, and to Gwillim Law for checking local mean time data.
+None of them are responsible for remaining errors.
+
+Look in the ~ftp/pub directory of elsie.nci.nih.gov
+for updated versions of these files.
+
+Please send comments or information to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov.
--- /dev/null
+@(#)Theory 7.19
+
+
+----- Outline -----
+
+ Time and date functions
+ Names of time zone regions
+ Time zone abbreviations
+ Calendrical issues
+ Time and time zones on Mars
+
+
+----- Time and date functions -----
+
+These time and date functions are upwards compatible with POSIX,
+an international standard for UNIX-like systems.
+As of this writing, the current edition of POSIX is:
+
+ Standard for Information technology
+ -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX (R))
+ -- System Interfaces
+ IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition
+ <http://www.opengroup.org/online-pubs?DOC=7999959899>
+ <http://www.opengroup.org/pubs/catalog/t041.htm>
+
+POSIX has the following properties and limitations.
+
+* In POSIX, time display in a process is controlled by the
+ environment variable TZ. Unfortunately, the POSIX TZ string takes
+ a form that is hard to describe and is error-prone in practice.
+ Also, POSIX TZ strings can't deal with other (for example, Israeli)
+ daylight saving time rules, or situations where more than two
+ time zone abbreviations are used in an area.
+
+ The POSIX TZ string takes the following form:
+
+ stdoffset[dst[offset],date[/time],date[/time]]
+
+ where:
+
+ std and dst
+ are 3 or more characters specifying the standard
+ and daylight saving time (DST) zone names.
+ Starting with POSIX.1-2001, std and dst may also be
+ in a quoted form like "<UTC+10>"; this allows
+ "+" and "-" in the names.
+ offset
+ is of the form `[-]hh:[mm[:ss]]' and specifies the
+ offset west of UTC. The default DST offset is one hour
+ ahead of standard time.
+ date[/time],date[/time]
+ specifies the beginning and end of DST. If this is absent,
+ the system supplies its own rules for DST, and these can
+ differ from year to year; typically US DST rules are used.
+ time
+ takes the form `hh:[mm[:ss]]' and defaults to 02:00.
+ date
+ takes one of the following forms:
+ Jn (1<=n<=365)
+ origin-1 day number not counting February 29
+ n (0<=n<=365)
+ origin-0 day number counting February 29 if present
+ Mm.n.d (0[Sunday]<=d<=6[Saturday], 1<=n<=5, 1<=m<=12)
+ for the dth day of week n of month m of the year,
+ where week 1 is the first week in which day d appears,
+ and `5' stands for the last week in which day d appears
+ (which may be either the 4th or 5th week).
+
+ Here is an example POSIX TZ string, for US Pacific time using rules
+ appropriate from 1987 through 2006:
+
+ TZ='PST8PDT,M4.1.0/02:00,M10.5.0/02:00'
+
+ This POSIX TZ string is hard to remember, and mishandles time stamps
+ before 1987 and after 2006. With this package you can use this
+ instead:
+
+ TZ='America/Los_Angeles'
+
+* POSIX does not define the exact meaning of TZ values like "EST5EDT".
+ Typically the current US DST rules are used to interpret such values,
+ but this means that the US DST rules are compiled into each program
+ that does time conversion. This means that when US time conversion
+ rules change (as in the United States in 1987), all programs that
+ do time conversion must be recompiled to ensure proper results.
+
+* In POSIX, there's no tamper-proof way for a process to learn the
+ system's best idea of local wall clock. (This is important for
+ applications that an administrator wants used only at certain times--
+ without regard to whether the user has fiddled the "TZ" environment
+ variable. While an administrator can "do everything in UTC" to get
+ around the problem, doing so is inconvenient and precludes handling
+ daylight saving time shifts--as might be required to limit phone
+ calls to off-peak hours.)
+
+* POSIX requires that systems ignore leap seconds.
+
+These are the extensions that have been made to the POSIX functions:
+
+* The "TZ" environment variable is used in generating the name of a file
+ from which time zone information is read (or is interpreted a la
+ POSIX); "TZ" is no longer constrained to be a three-letter time zone
+ name followed by a number of hours and an optional three-letter
+ daylight time zone name. The daylight saving time rules to be used
+ for a particular time zone are encoded in the time zone file;
+ the format of the file allows U.S., Australian, and other rules to be
+ encoded, and allows for situations where more than two time zone
+ abbreviations are used.
+
+ It was recognized that allowing the "TZ" environment variable to
+ take on values such as "America/New_York" might cause "old" programs
+ (that expect "TZ" to have a certain form) to operate incorrectly;
+ consideration was given to using some other environment variable
+ (for example, "TIMEZONE") to hold the string used to generate the
+ time zone information file name. In the end, however, it was decided
+ to continue using "TZ": it is widely used for time zone purposes;
+ separately maintaining both "TZ" and "TIMEZONE" seemed a nuisance;
+ and systems where "new" forms of "TZ" might cause problems can simply
+ use TZ values such as "EST5EDT" which can be used both by
+ "new" programs (a la POSIX) and "old" programs (as zone names and
+ offsets).
+
+* To handle places where more than two time zone abbreviations are used,
+ the functions "localtime" and "gmtime" set tzname[tmp->tm_isdst]
+ (where "tmp" is the value the function returns) to the time zone
+ abbreviation to be used. This differs from POSIX, where the elements
+ of tzname are only changed as a result of calls to tzset.
+
+* Since the "TZ" environment variable can now be used to control time
+ conversion, the "daylight" and "timezone" variables are no longer
+ needed. (These variables are defined and set by "tzset"; however, their
+ values will not be used by "localtime.")
+
+* The "localtime" function has been set up to deliver correct results
+ for near-minimum or near-maximum time_t values. (A comment in the
+ source code tells how to get compatibly wrong results).
+
+* A function "tzsetwall" has been added to arrange for the system's
+ best approximation to local wall clock time to be delivered by
+ subsequent calls to "localtime." Source code for portable
+ applications that "must" run on local wall clock time should call
+ "tzsetwall();" if such code is moved to "old" systems that don't
+ provide tzsetwall, you won't be able to generate an executable program.
+ (These time zone functions also arrange for local wall clock time to be
+ used if tzset is called--directly or indirectly--and there's no "TZ"
+ environment variable; portable applications should not, however, rely
+ on this behavior since it's not the way SVR2 systems behave.)
+
+* These functions can account for leap seconds, thanks to Bradley White.
+
+Points of interest to folks with other systems:
+
+* This package is already part of many POSIX-compliant hosts,
+ including BSD, HP, Linux, Network Appliance, SCO, SGI, and Sun.
+ On such hosts, the primary use of this package
+ is to update obsolete time zone rule tables.
+ To do this, you may need to compile the time zone compiler
+ `zic' supplied with this package instead of using the system `zic',
+ since the format of zic's input changed slightly in late 1994,
+ and many vendors still do not support the new input format.
+
+* The UNIX Version 7 "timezone" function is not present in this package;
+ it's impossible to reliably map timezone's arguments (a "minutes west
+ of GMT" value and a "daylight saving time in effect" flag) to a
+ time zone abbreviation, and we refuse to guess.
+ Programs that in the past used the timezone function may now examine
+ tzname[localtime(&clock)->tm_isdst] to learn the correct time
+ zone abbreviation to use. Alternatively, use
+ localtime(&clock)->tm_zone if this has been enabled.
+
+* The 4.2BSD gettimeofday function is not used in this package.
+ This formerly let users obtain the current UTC offset and DST flag,
+ but this functionality was removed in later versions of BSD.
+
+* In SVR2, time conversion fails for near-minimum or near-maximum
+ time_t values when doing conversions for places that don't use UTC.
+ This package takes care to do these conversions correctly.
+
+The functions that are conditionally compiled if STD_INSPIRED is defined
+should, at this point, be looked on primarily as food for thought. They are
+not in any sense "standard compatible"--some are not, in fact, specified in
+*any* standard. They do, however, represent responses of various authors to
+standardization proposals.
+
+Other time conversion proposals, in particular the one developed by folks at
+Hewlett Packard, offer a wider selection of functions that provide capabilities
+beyond those provided here. The absence of such functions from this package
+is not meant to discourage the development, standardization, or use of such
+functions. Rather, their absence reflects the decision to make this package
+contain valid extensions to POSIX, to ensure its broad acceptability. If
+more powerful time conversion functions can be standardized, so much the
+better.
+
+
+----- Names of time zone rule files -----
+
+The time zone rule file naming conventions attempt to strike a balance
+among the following goals:
+
+ * Uniquely identify every national region where clocks have all
+ agreed since 1970. This is essential for the intended use: static
+ clocks keeping local civil time.
+
+ * Indicate to humans as to where that region is. This simplifes use.
+
+ * Be robust in the presence of political changes. This reduces the
+ number of updates and backward-compatibility hacks. For example,
+ names of countries are ordinarily not used, to avoid
+ incompatibilities when countries change their name
+ (e.g. Zaire->Congo) or when locations change countries
+ (e.g. Hong Kong from UK colony to China).
+
+ * Be portable to a wide variety of implementations.
+ This promotes use of the technology.
+
+ * Use a consistent naming convention over the entire world.
+ This simplifies both use and maintenance.
+
+This naming convention is not intended for use by inexperienced users
+to select TZ values by themselves (though they can of course examine
+and reuse existing settings). Distributors should provide
+documentation and/or a simple selection interface that explains the
+names; see the 'tzselect' program supplied with this distribution for
+one example.
+
+Names normally have the form AREA/LOCATION, where AREA is the name
+of a continent or ocean, and LOCATION is the name of a specific
+location within that region. North and South America share the same
+area, `America'. Typical names are `Africa/Cairo', `America/New_York',
+and `Pacific/Honolulu'.
+
+Here are the general rules used for choosing location names,
+in decreasing order of importance:
+
+ Use only valid POSIX file name components (i.e., the parts of
+ names other than `/'). Within a file name component,
+ use only ASCII letters, `.', `-' and `_'. Do not use
+ digits, as that might create an ambiguity with POSIX
+ TZ strings. A file name component must not exceed 14
+ characters or start with `-'. E.g., prefer `Brunei'
+ to `Bandar_Seri_Begawan'.
+ Include at least one location per time zone rule set per country.
+ One such location is enough. Use ISO 3166 (see the file
+ iso3166.tab) to help decide whether something is a country.
+ However, uninhabited ISO 3166 regions like Bouvet Island
+ do not need locations, since local time is not defined there.
+ If all the clocks in a country's region have agreed since 1970,
+ don't bother to include more than one location
+ even if subregions' clocks disagreed before 1970.
+ Otherwise these tables would become annoyingly large.
+ If a name is ambiguous, use a less ambiguous alternative;
+ e.g. many cities are named San Jose and Georgetown, so
+ prefer `Costa_Rica' to `San_Jose' and `Guyana' to `Georgetown'.
+ Keep locations compact. Use cities or small islands, not countries
+ or regions, so that any future time zone changes do not split
+ locations into different time zones. E.g. prefer `Paris'
+ to `France', since France has had multiple time zones.
+ Use mainstream English spelling, e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Roma', and
+ prefer `Athens' to the true name (which uses Greek letters).
+ The POSIX file name restrictions encourage this rule.
+ Use the most populous among locations in a country's time zone,
+ e.g. prefer `Shanghai' to `Beijing'. Among locations with
+ similar populations, pick the best-known location,
+ e.g. prefer `Rome' to `Milan'.
+ Use the singular form, e.g. prefer `Canary' to `Canaries'.
+ Omit common suffixes like `_Islands' and `_City', unless that
+ would lead to ambiguity. E.g. prefer `Cayman' to
+ `Cayman_Islands' and `Guatemala' to `Guatemala_City',
+ but prefer `Mexico_City' to `Mexico' because the country
+ of Mexico has several time zones.
+ Use `_' to represent a space.
+ Omit `.' from abbreviations in names, e.g. prefer `St_Helena'
+ to `St._Helena'.
+ Do not change established names if they only marginally
+ violate the above rules. For example, don't change
+ the existing name `Rome' to `Milan' merely because
+ Milan's population has grown to be somewhat greater
+ than Rome's.
+ If a name is changed, put its old spelling in the `backward' file.
+
+The file `zone.tab' lists the geographical locations used to name
+time zone rule files. It is intended to be an exhaustive list
+of canonical names for geographic regions.
+
+Older versions of this package used a different naming scheme,
+and these older names are still supported.
+See the file `backward' for most of these older names
+(e.g. `US/Eastern' instead of `America/New_York').
+The other old-fashioned names still supported are
+`WET', `CET', `MET', `EET' (see the file `europe'),
+and `Factory' (see the file `factory').
+
+
+----- Time zone abbreviations -----
+
+When this package is installed, it generates time zone abbreviations
+like `EST' to be compatible with human tradition and POSIX.
+Here are the general rules used for choosing time zone abbreviations,
+in decreasing order of importance:
+
+ Use abbreviations that consist of three or more ASCII letters.
+ Previous editions of this database also used characters like
+ ' ' and '?', but these characters have a special meaning to
+ the shell and cause commands like
+ set `date`
+ to have unexpected effects.
+ Previous editions of this rule required upper-case letters,
+ but the Congressman who introduced Chamorro Standard Time
+ preferred "ChST", so the rule has been relaxed.
+
+ This rule guarantees that all abbreviations could have
+ been specified by a POSIX TZ string. POSIX
+ requires at least three characters for an
+ abbreviation. POSIX through 2000 says that an abbreviation
+ cannot start with ':', and cannot contain ',', '-',
+ '+', NUL, or a digit. POSIX from 2001 on changes this
+ rule to say that an abbreviation can contain only '-', '+',
+ and alphanumeric characters from the portable character set
+ in the current locale. To be portable to both sets of
+ rules, an abbreviation must therefore use only ASCII
+ letters.
+
+ Use abbreviations that are in common use among English-speakers,
+ e.g. `EST' for Eastern Standard Time in North America.
+ We assume that applications translate them to other languages
+ as part of the normal localization process; for example,
+ a French application might translate `EST' to `HNE'.
+
+ For zones whose times are taken from a city's longitude, use the
+ traditional xMT notation, e.g. `PMT' for Paris Mean Time.
+ The only name like this in current use is `GMT'.
+
+ If there is no common English abbreviation, abbreviate the English
+ translation of the usual phrase used by native speakers.
+ If this is not available or is a phrase mentioning the country
+ (e.g. ``Cape Verde Time''), then:
+
+ When a country has a single or principal time zone region,
+ append `T' to the country's ISO code, e.g. `CVT' for
+ Cape Verde Time. For summer time append `ST';
+ for double summer time append `DST'; etc.
+ When a country has multiple time zones, take the first three
+ letters of an English place name identifying each zone
+ and then append `T', `ST', etc. as before;
+ e.g. `VLAST' for VLAdivostok Summer Time.
+
+ Use UTC (with time zone abbreviation "zzz") for locations while
+ uninhabited. The "zzz" mnemonic is that these locations are,
+ in some sense, asleep.
+
+Application writers should note that these abbreviations are ambiguous
+in practice: e.g. `EST' has a different meaning in Australia than
+it does in the United States. In new applications, it's often better
+to use numeric UTC offsets like `-0500' instead of time zone
+abbreviations like `EST'; this avoids the ambiguity.
+
+
+----- Calendrical issues -----
+
+Calendrical issues are a bit out of scope for a time zone database,
+but they indicate the sort of problems that we would run into if we
+extended the time zone database further into the past. An excellent
+resource in this area is Edward M. Reingold and Nachum Dershowitz,
+<a href="http://emr.cs.uiuc.edu/home/reingold/calendar-book/second-edition/">
+Calendrical Calculations: The Millennium Edition
+</a>, Cambridge University Press (2001). Other information and
+sources are given below. They sometimes disagree.
+
+
+France
+
+Gregorian calendar adopted 1582-12-20.
+French Revolutionary calendar used 1793-11-24 through 1805-12-31,
+and (in Paris only) 1871-05-06 through 1871-05-23.
+
+
+Russia
+
+From Chris Carrier (1996-12-02):
+On 1929-10-01 the Soviet Union instituted an ``Eternal Calendar''
+with 30-day months plus 5 holidays, with a 5-day week.
+On 1931-12-01 it changed to a 6-day week; in 1934 it reverted to the
+Gregorian calendar while retaining the 6-day week; on 1940-06-27 it
+reverted to the 7-day week. With the 6-day week the usual days
+off were the 6th, 12th, 18th, 24th and 30th of the month.
+(Source: Evitiar Zerubavel, _The Seven Day Circle_)
+
+
+Mark Brader reported a similar story in "The Book of Calendars", edited
+by Frank Parise (1982, Facts on File, ISBN 0-8719-6467-8), page 377. But:
+
+From: Petteri Sulonen (via Usenet)
+Date: 14 Jan 1999 00:00:00 GMT
+...
+
+If your source is correct, how come documents between 1929 -- 1940 were
+still dated using the conventional, Gregorian calendar?
+
+I can post a scan of a document dated December 1, 1934, signed by
+Yenukidze, the secretary, on behalf of Kalinin, the President of the
+Executive Committee of the Supreme Soviet, if you like.
+
+
+
+Sweden (and Finland)
+
+From: Mark Brader
+<a href="news:1996Jul6.012937.29190@sq.com">
+Subject: Re: Gregorian reform -- a part of locale?
+</a>
+Date: 1996-07-06
+
+In 1700, Denmark made the transition from Julian to Gregorian. Sweden
+decided to *start* a transition in 1700 as well, but rather than have one of
+those unsightly calendar gaps :-), they simply decreed that the next leap
+year after 1696 would be in 1744 -- putting the whole country on a calendar
+different from both Julian and Gregorian for a period of 40 years.
+
+However, in 1704 something went wrong and the plan was not carried through;
+they did, after all, have a leap year that year. And one in 1708. In 1712
+they gave it up and went back to Julian, putting 30 days in February that
+year!...
+
+Then in 1753, Sweden made the transition to Gregorian in the usual manner,
+getting there only 13 years behind the original schedule.
+
+(A previous posting of this story was challenged, and Swedish readers
+produced the following references to support it: "Tiderakning och historia"
+by Natanael Beckman (1924) and "Tid, en bok om tiderakning och
+kalendervasen" by Lars-Olof Lode'n (no date was given).)
+
+
+Grotefend's data
+
+From: "Michael Palmer" [with one obvious typo fixed]
+Subject: Re: Gregorian Calendar (was Re: Another FHC related question
+Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.german
+Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 02:32:48 -800
+...
+
+The following is a(n incomplete) listing, arranged chronologically, of
+European states, with the date they converted from the Julian to the
+Gregorian calendar:
+
+04/15 Oct 1582 - Italy (with exceptions), Spain, Portugal, Poland (Roman
+ Catholics and Danzig only)
+09/20 Dec 1582 - France, Lorraine
+
+21 Dec 1582/
+ 01 Jan 1583 - Holland, Brabant, Flanders, Hennegau
+10/21 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Liege (L"uttich)
+13/24 Feb 1583 - bishopric of Augsburg
+04/15 Oct 1583 - electorate of Trier
+05/16 Oct 1583 - Bavaria, bishoprics of Freising, Eichstedt, Regensburg,
+ Salzburg, Brixen
+13/24 Oct 1583 - Austrian Oberelsass and Breisgau
+20/31 Oct 1583 - bishopric of Basel
+02/13 Nov 1583 - duchy of J"ulich-Berg
+02/13 Nov 1583 - electorate and city of K"oln
+04/15 Nov 1583 - bishopric of W"urzburg
+11/22 Nov 1583 - electorate of Mainz
+16/27 Nov 1583 - bishopric of Strassburg and the margraviate of Baden
+17/28 Nov 1583 - bishopric of M"unster and duchy of Cleve
+14/25 Dec 1583 - Steiermark
+
+06/17 Jan 1584 - Austria and Bohemia
+11/22 Jan 1584 - Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Zug, Freiburg, Solothurn
+12/23 Jan 1584 - Silesia and the Lausitz
+22 Jan/
+ 02 Feb 1584 - Hungary (legally on 21 Oct 1587)
+ Jun 1584 - Unterwalden
+01/12 Jul 1584 - duchy of Westfalen
+
+16/27 Jun 1585 - bishopric of Paderborn
+
+14/25 Dec 1590 - Transylvania
+
+22 Aug/
+ 02 Sep 1612 - duchy of Prussia
+
+13/24 Dec 1614 - Pfalz-Neuburg
+
+ 1617 - duchy of Kurland (reverted to the Julian calendar in
+ 1796)
+
+ 1624 - bishopric of Osnabr"uck
+
+ 1630 - bishopric of Minden
+
+15/26 Mar 1631 - bishopric of Hildesheim
+
+ 1655 - Kanton Wallis
+
+05/16 Feb 1682 - city of Strassburg
+
+18 Feb/
+ 01 Mar 1700 - Protestant Germany (including Swedish possessions in
+ Germany), Denmark, Norway
+30 Jun/
+ 12 Jul 1700 - Gelderland, Zutphen
+10 Nov/
+ 12 Dec 1700 - Utrecht, Overijssel
+
+31 Dec 1700/
+ 12 Jan 1701 - Friesland, Groningen, Z"urich, Bern, Basel, Geneva,
+ Turgau, and Schaffhausen
+
+ 1724 - Glarus, Appenzell, and the city of St. Gallen
+
+01 Jan 1750 - Pisa and Florence
+
+02/14 Sep 1752 - Great Britain
+
+17 Feb/
+ 01 Mar 1753 - Sweden
+
+1760-1812 - Graub"unden
+
+The Russian empire (including Finland and the Baltic states) did not
+convert to the Gregorian calendar until the Soviet revolution of 1917.
+
+Source: H. Grotefend, _Taschenbuch der Zeitrechnung des deutschen
+Mittelalters und der Neuzeit_, herausgegeben von Dr. O. Grotefend
+(Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1941), pp. 26-28.
+
+
+----- Time and time zones on Mars -----
+
+Some people have adjusted their work schedules to fit Mars time.
+Dozens of special Mars watches were built for Jet Propulsion
+Laboratory workers who kept Mars time during the Mars Exploration
+Rovers mission (2004). These timepieces look like normal Seikos and
+Citizens but use Mars seconds rather than terrestrial seconds.
+
+A Mars solar day is called a "sol" and has a mean period equal to
+about 24 hours 39 minutes 35.244 seconds in terrestrial time. It is
+divided into a conventional 24-hour clock, so each Mars second equals
+about 1.02749125 terrestrial seconds.
+
+The prime meridian of Mars goes through the center of the crater
+Airy-0, named in honor of the British astronomer who built the
+Greenwich telescope that defines Earth's prime meridian. Mean solar
+time on the Mars prime meridian is called Mars Coordinated Time (MTC).
+
+Each landed mission on Mars has adopted a different reference for
+solar time keeping, so there is no real standard for Mars time zones.
+For example, the Mars Exploration Rover project (2004) defined two
+time zones "Local Solar Time A" and "Local Solar Time B" for its two
+missions, each zone designed so that its time equals local true solar
+time at approximately the middle of the nominal mission. Such a "time
+zone" is not particularly suited for any application other than the
+mission itself.
+
+Many calendars have been proposed for Mars, but none have achieved
+wide acceptance. Astronomers often use Mars Sol Date (MSD) which is a
+sequential count of Mars solar days elapsed since about 1873-12-29
+12:00 GMT.
+
+The tz database does not currently support Mars time, but it is
+documented here in the hopes that support will be added eventually.
+
+Sources:
+
+Michael Allison and Robert Schmunk,
+"Technical Notes on Mars Solar Time as Adopted by the Mars24 Sunclock"
+<http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html> (2004-07-30).
+
+Jia-Rui Chong, "Workdays Fit for a Martian", Los Angeles Times
+(2004-01-14), pp A1, A20-A21.
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)africa 8.7
+# <pre>
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+#
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
+# I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
+#
+# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
+# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
+# but Mark R V Murray reports that
+# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
+# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
+# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
+# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
+# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
+#
+# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
+# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
+# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
+# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
+# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
+#
+# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
+# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
+# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
+# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
+# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
+# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
+# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
+# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
+# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
+# until we get more information.
+#
+# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
+# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
+# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
+# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
+# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
+# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
+# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
+# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
+
+# Algeria
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 -
+Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
+# more precise 0:09:21.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
+ 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
+ 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00
+ 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7
+ 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29
+ 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14
+ 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21
+ 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26
+ 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May
+ 1:00 - CET
+
+# Angola
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892
+ 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Benin
+# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Botswana
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885
+ 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
+ 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# Burkina Faso
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Burundi
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# Cameroon
+# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Cape Verde
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
+ -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
+ -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
+ -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
+ -1:00 - CVT
+
+# Central African Republic
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Chad
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
+ 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
+ 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Comoros
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Democratic Republic of Congo
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
+ 1:00 - WAT
+Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# Republic of the Congo
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Cote D'Ivoire
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Djibouti
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Egypt
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
+# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00.
+# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29.
+Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
+# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
+# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
+# after observing the daylight saving time since May.
+# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
+Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2007 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct
+ 2:00 Egypt EE%sT
+
+# Equatorial Guinea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Eritrea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870
+ 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
+ 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Ethiopia
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
+# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
+# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
+ 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Gabon
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Gambia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
+ -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
+ -1:00 - WAT 1964
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Ghana
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
+Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
+ 0:00 Ghana %s
+
+# Guinea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
+ -1:00 - WAT 1960
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Guinea-Bissau
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
+ -1:00 - WAT 1975
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Kenya
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
+ 3:00 - EAT 1930
+ 2:30 - BEAT 1940
+ 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Lesotho
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00
+ 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
+ 2:00 - SAST
+
+# Liberia
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
+# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
+# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
+# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
+# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
+ -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
+ -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Libya
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920
+ 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959
+ 2:00 - EET 1982
+ 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4
+# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger;
+# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors.
+ 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30
+ 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4
+ 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4
+ 2:00 - EET
+
+# Madagascar
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul
+ 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s
+ 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Malawi
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# Mali
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
+ -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Mauritania
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
+ 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
+ -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Mauritius
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
+ 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time
+# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
+# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
+
+# Mayotte
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Morocco
+# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
+# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
+ 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
+ 1:00 - CET 1986
+ 0:00 - WET
+# Western Sahara
+Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
+ -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
+ 0:00 - WET
+
+# Mozambique
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# Namibia
+# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
+# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
+ 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
+ 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
+ 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
+ 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
+ 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
+ 1:00 Namibia WA%sT
+
+# Niger
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912
+ -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26
+ 0:00 - GMT 1960
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Nigeria
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
+ 1:00 - WAT
+
+# Reunion
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
+ 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
+#
+# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
+# The following information about them is taken from
+# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
+# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
+# We have no info about their time zone histories.
+#
+# Bassas da India - uninhabited
+# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
+# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
+# Juan de Nova - uninhabited
+# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
+
+# Rwanda
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# St Helena
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
+ -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
+ 0:00 - GMT
+# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
+# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
+# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
+# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
+# on GMT, says the CIA
+# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
+
+# Sao Tome and Principe
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
+ -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Senegal
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
+ -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Seychelles
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
+ 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
+# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
+# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
+# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
+# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
+# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
+
+# Sierra Leone
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
+Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
+Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
+Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
+ -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
+ -1:00 SL %s 1957
+ 0:00 SL %s
+
+# Somalia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
+ 3:00 - EAT 1931
+ 2:30 - BEAT 1957
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# South Africa
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
+ 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 SA SAST
+# Marion and Prince Edward Is
+# scientific station since 1947
+# no information
+
+# Sudan
+#
+# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
+# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
+# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
+# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
+# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
+# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931
+ 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Swaziland
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 - SAST
+
+# Tanzania
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931
+ 3:00 - EAT 1948
+ 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Togo
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Tunisia
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
+# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
+# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
+# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
+# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
+# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
+# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
+# Saturday." (My translation)
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
+# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
+# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
+# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
+# 1h standard time.
+#
+# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
+# The daylight saving time will be the same each year:
+# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00
+# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ...
+# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
+# more precise 0:09:21.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12
+ 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
+ 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT
+
+# Uganda
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul
+ 3:00 - EAT 1930
+ 2:30 - BEAT 1948
+ 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957
+ 3:00 - EAT
+
+# Zambia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 - CAT
+
+# Zimbabwe
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ 2:00 - CAT
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)antarctica 8.3
+# <pre>
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
+# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
+# <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
+# COMNAP - Stations and Bases
+# </a>
+# and
+# <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
+# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
+# </a>
+# for information.
+# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
+#
+# Except for the French entries,
+# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
+# FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
+
+# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule RussAQ 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule RussAQ 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule RussAQ 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule RussAQ 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
+Rule RussAQ 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule RussAQ 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule RussAQ 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+
+# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
+Rule ChileAQ 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule ChileAQ 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+
+
+# Argentina - year-round bases
+# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
+# Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
+# Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
+# Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
+# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
+# San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
+# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
+
+# Australia - territories
+# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
+# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
+# <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
+# Margaret Turner reports
+# </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
+# presumably this is when they have visitors.
+#
+# year-round bases
+# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
+# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
+# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
+# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
+ 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time
+Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
+ 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
+ 0 - zzz 1969 Feb
+ 7:00 - DAVT
+Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
+ 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time
+# References:
+# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
+# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
+# </a>
+# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
+# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
+# </a>
+# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
+# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
+# </a>
+
+# Brazil - year-round base
+# Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
+
+# Chile - year-round bases and towns
+# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
+# Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
+# General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
+# Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941
+# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
+# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'.
+
+# China - year-round bases
+# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
+# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
+
+# France - year-round bases
+#
+# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
+# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
+# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
+# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
+# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
+# from Tasmania.
+#
+# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
+#
+# Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
+# Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
+# Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
+# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
+#
+# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
+# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
+ 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
+#
+# year-round base in the main continent
+# Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
+#
+# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
+# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
+ 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
+ 0 - zzz 1956 Nov
+ 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
+# Reference:
+# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station">
+# Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05)
+# </a>
+
+# Germany - year-round base
+# Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815
+
+# India - year-round base
+# Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200
+
+# Japan - year-round bases
+# Dome Fuji, -7719+03942
+# Syowa, -690022+0393524
+#
+# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
+# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
+#
+# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
+# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
+# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
+ 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
+# See:
+# <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
+# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
+# </a>
+
+# S Korea - year-round base
+# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
+
+# New Zealand - claims
+# Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
+# Scott Island (never inhabited)
+#
+# year-round base
+# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
+#
+# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
+Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
+Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
+
+# Norway - territories
+# Bouvet (never inhabited)
+#
+# claims
+# Peter I Island (never inhabited)
+
+# Poland - year-round base
+# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
+
+# Russia - year-round bases
+# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
+# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
+# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
+# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
+# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
+# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
+
+# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
+# <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP">
+# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>:
+# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
+# time as Moscow, Russia.
+#
+# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
+# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
+# what they had to say about time there:
+# ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
+# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
+# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
+# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
+# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.''
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
+# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
+# in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local
+# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
+# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
+# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
+# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
+# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6.
+#
+Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
+ 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
+
+# S Africa - year-round bases
+# Marion Island, -4653+03752
+# Sanae, -7141-00250
+
+# UK
+#
+# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
+# South Orkney Islands
+# scientific station from 1903
+# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
+# South Shetland Islands
+#
+# year-round bases
+# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
+# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
+# scientific station 1943/1967,
+# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
+# and a garrison was deployed briefly
+# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
+# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
+# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
+# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
+# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1
+ -3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time
+
+# Uruguay - year round base
+# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
+
+# USA - year-round bases
+#
+# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
+#
+# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06):
+# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
+# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
+# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
+# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
+# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
+ -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
+ -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT
+#
+#
+# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956
+ 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT
+#
+# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
+# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
+# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
+#
+# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
+# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
+# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
+# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
+# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
+# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
+# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
+#
+# From Susan Smith
+# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
+# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
+# We use the same time as McMurdo does.
+# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
+# One last quirk about South Pole time.
+# All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
+# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
+# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
+# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
+# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
+#
+Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole
--- /dev/null
+/*
+** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+** 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
+*/
+
+/*
+** Avoid the temptation to punt entirely to strftime;
+** the output of strftime is supposed to be locale specific
+** whereas the output of asctime is supposed to be constant.
+*/
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)asctime.c 7.32";
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+/*LINTLIBRARY*/
+
+#include "private.h"
+#include "tzfile.h"
+
+/*
+** Some systems only handle "%.2d"; others only handle "%02d";
+** "%02.2d" makes (most) everybody happy.
+** At least some versions of gcc warn about the %02.2d; ignore the warning.
+*/
+/*
+** All years associated with 32-bit time_t values are exactly four digits long;
+** some years associated with 64-bit time_t values are not.
+** Vintage programs are coded for years that are always four digits long
+** and may assume that the newline always lands in the same place.
+** For years that are less than four digits, we pad the output with
+** leading zeroes to get the newline in the traditional place.
+** The -4 ensures that we get four characters of output even if
+** we call a strftime variant that produces fewer characters for some years.
+** The ISO C 1999 and POSIX 1003.1-2004 standards prohibit padding the year,
+** but many implementations pad anyway; most likely the standards are buggy.
+*/
+#define ASCTIME_FMT "%.3s %.3s%3d %02.2d:%02.2d:%02.2d %-4s\n"
+/*
+** For years that are more than four digits we put extra spaces before the year
+** so that code trying to overwrite the newline won't end up overwriting
+** a digit within a year and truncating the year (operating on the assumption
+** that no output is better than wrong output).
+*/
+#define ASCTIME_FMT_B "%.3s %.3s%3d %02.2d:%02.2d:%02.2d %s\n"
+
+#define STD_ASCTIME_BUF_SIZE 26
+/*
+** Big enough for something such as
+** ??? ???-2147483648 -2147483648:-2147483648:-2147483648 -2147483648\n
+** (two three-character abbreviations, five strings denoting integers,
+** seven explicit spaces, two explicit colons, a newline,
+** and a trailing ASCII nul).
+** The values above are for systems where an int is 32 bits and are provided
+** as an example; the define below calculates the maximum for the system at
+** hand.
+*/
+#define MAX_ASCTIME_BUF_SIZE (2*3+5*INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(int)+7+2+1+1)
+
+static char buf_asctime[MAX_ASCTIME_BUF_SIZE];
+
+/*
+** A la ISO/IEC 9945-1, ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition.
+*/
+
+char *
+asctime_r(timeptr, buf)
+register const struct tm * timeptr;
+char * buf;
+{
+ static const char wday_name[][3] = {
+ "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
+ };
+ static const char mon_name[][3] = {
+ "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
+ "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
+ };
+ register const char * wn;
+ register const char * mn;
+ char year[INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(int) + 2];
+ char result[MAX_ASCTIME_BUF_SIZE];
+
+ if (timeptr->tm_wday < 0 || timeptr->tm_wday >= DAYSPERWEEK)
+ wn = "???";
+ else wn = wday_name[timeptr->tm_wday];
+ if (timeptr->tm_mon < 0 || timeptr->tm_mon >= MONSPERYEAR)
+ mn = "???";
+ else mn = mon_name[timeptr->tm_mon];
+ /*
+ ** Use strftime's %Y to generate the year, to avoid overflow problems
+ ** when computing timeptr->tm_year + TM_YEAR_BASE.
+ ** Assume that strftime is unaffected by other out-of-range members
+ ** (e.g., timeptr->tm_mday) when processing "%Y".
+ */
+ (void) strftime(year, sizeof year, "%Y", timeptr);
+ /*
+ ** We avoid using snprintf since it's not available on all systems.
+ */
+ (void) sprintf(result,
+ ((strlen(year) <= 4) ? ASCTIME_FMT : ASCTIME_FMT_B),
+ wn, mn,
+ timeptr->tm_mday, timeptr->tm_hour,
+ timeptr->tm_min, timeptr->tm_sec,
+ year);
+ if (strlen(result) < STD_ASCTIME_BUF_SIZE || buf == buf_asctime) {
+ (void) strcpy(buf, result);
+ return buf;
+ } else {
+#ifdef EOVERFLOW
+ errno = EOVERFLOW;
+#else /* !defined EOVERFLOW */
+ errno = EINVAL;
+#endif /* !defined EOVERFLOW */
+ return NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+** A la ISO/IEC 9945-1, ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition.
+*/
+
+char *
+asctime(timeptr)
+register const struct tm * timeptr;
+{
+ return asctime_r(timeptr, buf_asctime);
+}
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)asia 8.10
+# <pre>
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+#
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
+# I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
+#
+# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
+# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
+# Corrections are welcome!
+# std dst
+# LMT Local Mean Time
+# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
+# 2:00 IST IDT Israel
+# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
+# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran
+# 4:00 GST Gulf*
+# 5:30 IST India
+# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
+# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia
+# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia
+# 8:00 CST China
+# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
+# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia
+# 9:00 JST JDT Japan
+# 9:00 KST KDT Korea
+# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
+#
+# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
+
+# From Guy Harris:
+# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
+# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
+# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
+# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
+Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
+Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
+Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
+Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+
+# Afghanistan
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
+ 4:00 - AFT 1945
+ 4:30 - AFT
+
+# Armenia
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)
+# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then
+# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even
+# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
+# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
+# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
+# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
+# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
+ 4:00 - AMT 1997
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
+
+# Azerbaijan
+# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
+# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997
+# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S
+Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
+ 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
+ 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
+ 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
+
+# Bahrain
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
+ 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
+ 3:00 - AST
+
+# Bangladesh
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
+ 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
+ 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
+ 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
+ 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
+ 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
+ 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
+
+# Bhutan
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
+ 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
+ 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
+
+# British Indian Ocean Territory
+# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
+# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
+# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;
+# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which
+# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
+ 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
+ 6:00 - IOT
+
+# Brunei
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
+ 7:30 - BNT 1933
+ 8:00 - BNT
+
+# Burma / Myanmar
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
+ 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
+ 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
+ 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
+
+# Cambodia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
+ 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
+ 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
+ 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
+ 7:00 - ICT
+
+# China
+
+# From Guy Harris:
+# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
+
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
+# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
+# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
+# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
+# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
+#
+# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
+# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
+# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
+#
+# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
+# 1987 mid-April - ??
+
+# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
+# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
+# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)
+# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST
+# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
+# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other
+# pre-1980 time zones.
+
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
+Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
+
+# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
+# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
+# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
+# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
+# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
+# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
+# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
+# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
+# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
+# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
+# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
+# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
+# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
+
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
+# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
+Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
+ 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
+ 8:00 - CST 1940
+ 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May
+ 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May
+ 8:00 PRC C%sT
+# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
+# most of China
+Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
+ 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
+ 8:00 PRC C%sT
+# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
+# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
+# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
+# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
+# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
+Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
+ 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
+ 8:00 PRC C%sT
+# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
+# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
+# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
+# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
+# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
+# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
+# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
+# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
+# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
+Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
+ 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
+ 8:00 PRC C%sT
+# Kunlun Time
+# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
+# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
+# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
+# and Yarkand.
+Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
+ 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
+ 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
+ 8:00 PRC C%sT
+
+# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
+Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
+ 8:00 HK HK%sT
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Taiwan
+
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
+# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
+# have any other information.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
+ 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
+
+# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
+Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
+Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
+Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
+ 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
+ 8:00 PRC C%sT
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Cyprus
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
+Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
+Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
+Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
+ 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
+ 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
+# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
+
+# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
+# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
+Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
+
+# Georgia
+# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19):
+# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
+# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
+# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
+# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
+#
+# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
+# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
+# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
+# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
+#
+# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
+#
+# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
+# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
+# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
+# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
+# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
+# of integration into Europe.
+
+# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
+# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
+# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
+# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT
+# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document
+# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
+# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
+# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
+# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
+
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
+ 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
+ 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
+ 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
+ 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
+ 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
+ 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
+ 4:00 - GET
+
+# East Timor
+
+# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
+
+# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
+# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
+# East Timor may be late for its millennium
+# </a> (1999-12-26/31):
+# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
+# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
+# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
+# conflicts with their way of life.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
+# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
+# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
+
+# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
+# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
+# (2000-08-16)</a>:
+# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
+# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
+# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
+# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
+ 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
+ 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
+ 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00
+ 9:00 - TLT
+
+# India
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
+ 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
+ 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
+ 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
+ 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
+ 5:30 - IST
+# The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
+# Andaman Is
+# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
+# Nicobar Is
+
+# Indonesia
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
+# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
+# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
+# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
+# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
+# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger.
+# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
+# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
+# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
+# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
+# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
+# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions
+# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
+# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
+# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
+# switched on 1945-09-23.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
+# but this must be a typo.
+ 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
+ 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
+ 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
+ 7:30 - WIT 1948 May
+ 8:00 - WIT 1950 May
+ 7:30 - WIT 1964
+ 7:00 - WIT
+Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
+ 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
+ 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
+ 7:30 - WIT 1948 May
+ 8:00 - WIT 1950 May
+ 7:30 - WIT 1964
+ 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1
+ 7:00 - WIT
+Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
+ 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
+ 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
+ 8:00 - CIT
+Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
+ 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1
+ 9:30 - CST 1964
+ 9:00 - EIT
+
+# Iran
+
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
+# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
+# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
+#
+# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
+# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
+#
+# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country
+#
+# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
+# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
+# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs,
+# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers
+# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
+# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that:
+#
+# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour
+# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return
+# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of
+# Shahrivar.
+#
+# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
+#
+# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed
+# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the
+# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
+# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
+# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
+# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
+#
+# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
+# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
+# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic
+# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
+# plan to change that law....
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
+# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
+# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
+# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
+# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand.
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
+# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
+# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
+# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local
+# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be
+# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer:
+# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
+# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant
+# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between
+# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058:
+# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of
+# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
+# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The above comments about post-2006 transitions may become relevant again,
+# if Iran ever resuscitates DST, so we'll leave the comments in.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
+# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
+# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
+ 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
+ 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov
+ 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
+ 3:30 Iran IR%sT
+
+
+# Iraq
+#
+# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12):
+# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
+# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
+# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
+# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
+#
+# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
+# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
+# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
+# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
+# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
+#
+# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
+Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
+# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
+#
+Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
+ 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
+ 3:00 - AST 1982 May
+ 3:00 Iraq A%sT
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Israel
+
+# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
+#
+# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
+# different abbreviations in use:
+#
+# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
+# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
+# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
+#
+# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
+# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
+# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
+# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
+# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
+# settings in Israeli computers.
+#
+# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
+# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
+# family is from India).
+
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
+Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
+
+# From Ephraim Silverberg
+# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
+# and 2005-02-17):
+
+# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
+# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
+# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
+# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
+# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
+# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
+# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
+# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
+# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
+# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
+# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
+# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
+# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
+# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
+# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
+# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
+# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
+# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
+# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
+# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
+# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
+# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
+
+# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
+# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
+# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
+
+# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
+# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
+# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
+#
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
+#
+# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
+#
+# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
+#
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
+#
+# where YYYY is the relevant year.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
+
+# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
+# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
+# years 2001-2004 as well.
+#
+# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
+#
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
+#
+# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
+# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
+#
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
+
+# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on
+# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
+# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April
+# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday
+# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
+#
+# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at:
+#
+# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22):
+# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program
+# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20)
+# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4,
+# to generate the transitions in this list.
+# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.)
+# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule:
+#
+# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
+#
+# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support
+# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the
+# springtime transitions explicitly.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
+Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
+ 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
+ 2:00 Zion I%sT
+
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Japan
+
+# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
+# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
+# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
+# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
+
+# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
+# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
+# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
+# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
+# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
+# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
+# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
+# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53%
+# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
+# wanted to keep it.)
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
+Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
+# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
+# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
+# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
+
+# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
+# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
+# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
+# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
+# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
+# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
+# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
+
+# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
+# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
+# which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
+# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
+# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
+# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
+# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
+# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
+# standard....
+#
+# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
+# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
+
+# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few
+# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all
+# ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
+ 9:00 - JST 1896
+ 9:00 - CJT 1938
+ 9:00 Japan J%sT
+# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
+
+# Jordan
+#
+# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
+# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
+# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
+# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
+# all year round.
+#
+# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
+# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
+# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
+# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
+# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
+# government's departments from six to seven hours.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
+# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
+# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year
+# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi:
+# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm
+# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27".
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
+ 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
+
+
+# Kazakhstan
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
+# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
+# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
+# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
+# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
+# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
+# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.
+# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:
+#
+# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
+# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
+# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
+
+# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm">
+# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21):
+# </a>
+# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
+# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
+# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
+#
+# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
+# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone
+# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has
+# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone
+# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the
+# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau,
+# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses
+# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones
+# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.
+
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+#
+# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
+Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
+ 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
+ 6:00 - ALMT 1992
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15
+ 6:00 - ALMT
+# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
+Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
+ 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
+ 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
+ 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
+ 6:00 - QYZT
+# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
+Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
+ 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
+ 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time
+ 5:00 - AQTT
+# Mangghystau
+# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
+# so include time stamps before 1963.
+Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
+ 5:00 - FORT 1963
+ 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
+ 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
+ 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15
+ 5:00 - AQTT
+# West Kazakhstan
+Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
+ 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
+ 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
+ 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time
+ 5:00 - ORAT
+
+# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
+# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
+# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
+# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
+# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
+# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
+# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
+# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
+# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
+Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
+ 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
+ 6:00 - KGT
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Korea (North and South)
+
+# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
+# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
+# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
+# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
+# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
+# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
+
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
+ 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
+ 9:00 - KST 1928
+ 8:30 - KST 1932
+ 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
+ 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
+ 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
+ 9:00 ROK K%sT
+Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
+ 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
+ 9:00 - KST 1928
+ 8:30 - KST 1932
+ 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
+ 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
+ 9:00 - KST
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Kuwait
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
+ 3:00 - AST
+
+# Laos
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
+ 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
+ 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
+ 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
+ 7:00 - ICT
+
+# Lebanon
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
+ 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
+
+# Malaysia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
+Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
+#
+# peninsular Malaysia
+# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
+# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
+ 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
+ 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
+ 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
+ 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
+ 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
+ 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
+ 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
+# Sabah & Sarawak
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
+# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
+ 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
+ 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
+ 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
+ 8:00 - MYT
+
+# Maldives
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
+ 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
+ 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
+
+# Mongolia
+
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
+# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03)
+# both say that it has just one.
+
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
+# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
+# General Information Mongolia
+# </a> (1999-09)
+# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
+# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
+# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
+# eight hours."
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
+# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
+# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
+# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
+# of implementation may have been different....
+# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
+# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
+# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
+# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
+# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
+# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
+# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
+# is good enough for our purposes.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
+# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
+# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
+# there are three time zones.
+#
+# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
+# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
+# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
+# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
+#
+# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
+
+# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
+# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
+# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
+# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
+# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
+# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
+# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
+# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
+# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
+# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that
+# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
+# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
+# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
+# He also found
+# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
+# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
+# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
+# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
+# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
+# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
+# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
+# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
+
+# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
+# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February.
+# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time....
+# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
+# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
+# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
+# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place
+# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
+# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
+# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
+# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
+
+Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
+Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
+Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
+Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
+ 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
+ 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
+# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
+Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
+ 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
+ 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
+# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
+# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
+Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
+ 7:00 - ULAT 1978
+ 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
+ 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time
+
+# Nepal
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
+ 5:30 - IST 1986
+ 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
+
+# Oman
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
+ 4:00 - GST
+
+# Pakistan
+
+# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
+# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
+# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
+# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
+# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
+# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
+# Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
+# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
+# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
+# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
+# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
+# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
+# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
+# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
+# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
+# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
+# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
+# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
+# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm
+# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year:
+#
+# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh
+# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous
+# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by
+# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy.
+#
+# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather
+# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity.
+
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
+Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
+ 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
+ 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
+ 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
+ 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
+ 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
+
+# Palestine
+
+# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15):
+#
+# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
+# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
+# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
+#
+# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
+# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
+# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
+# though.
+#
+# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
+# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
+# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
+# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
+# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
+# East Jerusalem.
+#
+# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
+# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
+# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
+# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
+# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
+#
+# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
+# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
+# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
+# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
+# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
+# Jordanian one).
+#
+# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
+#
+# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
+# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
+# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
+# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
+# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
+#
+# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
+# have one).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go
+# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
+# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
+# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
+# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
+# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
+# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
+# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
+# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
+# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
+
+# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
+# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
+#
+# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
+# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
+# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
+# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
+# Daoud Kuttab writes in
+# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
+# Holiday havoc
+# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
+# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
+# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
+# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
+# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
+# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
+# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
+# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
+# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
+# earlier--the same goes for Jordan.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
+# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
+# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
+# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
+# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if
+# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as
+# the West Bank.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26):
+# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19):
+# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5
+# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule
+# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
+# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
+# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
+# because of the Ramadan.
+
+# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
+Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
+
+Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2006 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Palestine 2007 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
+ 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
+ 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
+ 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
+ 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
+ 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
+
+# Paracel Is
+# no information
+
+# Philippines
+# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
+# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
+# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
+# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
+# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
+# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
+# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
+# rainy season begins. See
+# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
+# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
+# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
+# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
+# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
+# but no details]
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
+ 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
+ 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
+ 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
+ 8:00 Phil PH%sT
+
+# Qatar
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
+ 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
+ 3:00 - AST
+
+# Saudi Arabia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
+ 3:00 - AST
+
+# Singapore
+# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
+# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
+ 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
+ 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
+ 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
+ 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
+ 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
+ 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
+ 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
+ 8:00 - SGT
+
+# Spratly Is
+# no information
+
+# Sri Lanka
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
+# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
+# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
+# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
+# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
+# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
+#
+# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
+# by Shamindra in
+# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
+# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
+# </a>:
+# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
+# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
+# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
+# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
+# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
+
+# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
+# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
+# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
+# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
+# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
+# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use TZ='Asia/Calcutta',
+# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
+
+# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
+# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
+# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
+# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
+# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
+#
+# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments
+# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
+# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
+#
+# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
+# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
+# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
+# item....
+#
+# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
+# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
+# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
+# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
+# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
+#
+# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
+# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for
+# all computers.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
+# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
+# and then see what people actually say in practice.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
+ 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
+ 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
+ 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
+ 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
+ 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
+ 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
+ 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
+ 5:30 - IST
+
+# Syria
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
+# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
+# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
+# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
+# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22;
+# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger,
+# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan).
+Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18):
+# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC]
+# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt.
+Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Syria 2007 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
+ 2:00 Syria EE%sT
+
+# Tajikistan
+# From Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
+ 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
+
+# Thailand
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
+ 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
+ 7:00 - ICT
+
+# Turkmenistan
+# From Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
+ 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
+ 5:00 - TMT
+
+# United Arab Emirates
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
+ 4:00 - GST
+
+# Uzbekistan
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
+ 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
+ 5:00 - UZT
+Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
+ 5:00 - UZT
+
+# Vietnam
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
+# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
+# We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
+
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
+ 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
+ 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
+ 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
+ 7:00 - ICT
+
+# Yemen
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
+ 3:00 - AST
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)australasia 8.6
+# <pre>
+
+# This file also includes Pacific islands.
+
+# Notes are at the end of this file
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Australia
+
+# Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 -
+Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
+Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
+Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
+Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
+# Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which
+# says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that
+# 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Northern Territory
+Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 9:00 - CST 1899 May
+ 9:30 Aus CST
+# Western Australia
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
+ 8:00 Aus WST 1943 Jul
+ 8:00 AW WST
+Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec
+ 8:45 Aus CWST 1943 Jul
+ 8:45 AW CWST
+
+# Queensland
+#
+# From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01):
+# I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast
+# of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after
+# Queensland ceased to.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
+# IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman,
+# Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped.
+# Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
+# so use Lindeman.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Holiday 1992 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule Holiday 1993 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971
+ 10:00 AQ EST
+Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971
+ 10:00 AQ EST 1992 Jul
+ 10:00 Holiday EST
+
+# South Australia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1990 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1991 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1992 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1993 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1994 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AS 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 9:00 - CST 1899 May
+ 9:30 Aus CST 1971
+ 9:30 AS CST
+
+# Tasmania
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
+# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml>
+# says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AT 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
+ 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1967
+ 10:00 AT EST
+Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep
+ 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
+ 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Jul
+ 10:00 AT EST
+
+# Victoria
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AV 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AV 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971
+ 10:00 AV EST
+
+# New South Wales
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AN 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
+Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule AN 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 Aus EST 1971
+ 10:00 AN EST
+Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
+ 9:00 - CST 1899 May
+ 9:30 Aus CST 1971
+ 9:30 AN CST 2000
+ 9:30 AS CST
+
+# Lord Howe Island
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
+Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
+Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
+Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
+Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
+Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
+Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
+Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
+Rule LH 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
+Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
+ 10:30 LH LHST
+
+# Australian miscellany
+#
+# Ashmore Is, Cartier
+# no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
+# no times are set
+#
+# Coral Sea Is
+# no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
+# no times are set
+#
+# Macquarie
+# permanent occupation (scientific station) since 1948;
+# sealing and penguin oil station operated 1888/1917
+# like Australia/Hobart
+
+# Christmas
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
+ 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
+
+# Cook Is
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
+ -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
+ -10:00 Cook CK%sT
+
+# Cocos
+# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
+# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900
+ 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time
+
+# Fiji
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
+ 12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time
+
+# French Polynesia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
+ -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time
+Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
+ -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time
+Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
+ -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time
+# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
+# it is uninhabited.
+
+# Guam
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
+ 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
+ 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam
+ 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
+
+# Kiribati
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
+ 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time
+Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
+ -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
+ -11:00 - PHOT 1995
+ 13:00 - PHOT
+Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
+ -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
+ -10:00 - LINT 1995
+ 14:00 - LINT
+
+# N Mariana Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
+ 9:43:00 - LMT 1901
+ 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time
+ 10:00 - MPT 2000 Dec 23
+ 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
+
+# Marshall Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
+ 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
+ 12:00 - MHT
+Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
+ 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct
+ -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
+ 12:00 - MHT
+
+# Micronesia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
+ 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time
+Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia
+ 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time
+Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
+ 11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time
+ 12:00 - KOST 1999
+ 11:00 - KOST
+
+# Nauru
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
+ 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
+ 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
+ 11:30 - NRT 1979 May
+ 12:00 - NRT
+
+# New Caledonia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
+Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
+Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
+ 11:00 NC NC%sT
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# New Zealand
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M
+Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S
+Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M
+Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M
+Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S
+Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
+# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no
+# convenient notation for this so we must duplicate the Rule lines.
+Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
+Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S
+Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
+Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S
+Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
+Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
+Rule Chatham 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
+ 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1
+ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
+Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1957 Jan 1
+ 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT
+
+
+# Auckland Is
+# uninhabited; Maori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
+# and scientific personnel have wintered
+
+# Campbell I
+# minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
+# scientific station operated 1941/1995;
+# previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
+# was probably like Pacific/Auckland
+
+###############################################################################
+
+
+# Niue
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
+ -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time
+ -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1
+ -11:00 - NUT
+
+# Norfolk
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
+ 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
+ 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time
+
+# Palau (Belau)
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
+ 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time
+
+# Papua New Guinea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
+ 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
+ 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time
+
+# Pitcairn
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
+ -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00
+ -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time
+
+# American Samoa
+Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
+ -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
+ -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
+ -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
+ -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
+ -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
+
+# Samoa
+Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
+ -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
+ -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
+ -11:00 - WST # Samoa Time
+
+# Solomon Is
+# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
+ 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time
+
+# Tokelau Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
+ -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time
+
+# Tonga
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
+ 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time
+ 13:00 - TOT 1999
+ 13:00 Tonga TO%sT
+
+# Tuvalu
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
+ 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time
+
+
+# US minor outlying islands
+
+# Howland, Baker
+# uninhabited since World War II
+# no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago
+
+# Jarvis
+# uninhabited since 1958
+# no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
+
+# Johnston
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
+
+# Kingman
+# uninhabited
+
+# Midway
+#
+# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):
+# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,
+# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]
+# reproduced a Pan American Airways timeables from 1936, for their weekly
+# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting
+# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone
+# designations that I've never seen before:....
+# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.
+# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A "
+#
+Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901
+ -11:00 - NST 1956 Jun 3
+ -11:00 1:00 NDT 1956 Sep 2
+ -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
+ -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
+ -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
+
+# Palmyra
+# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
+
+# Wake
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
+ 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time
+
+
+# Vanuatu
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
+Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
+Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
+ 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time
+
+# Wallis and Futuna
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
+ 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# NOTES
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
+# I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
+#
+# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
+# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
+# Corrections are welcome!
+# std dst
+# LMT Local Mean Time
+# 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
+# 8:45 CWST CWST Central Western Australia*
+# 9:00 JST Japan
+# 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
+# 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
+# 10:00 ChST Chamorro
+# 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
+# 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945
+# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present
+# 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham*
+# -11:00 SST Samoa
+# -10:00 HST Hawaii
+# - 8:00 PST Pitcairn*
+#
+# See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii.
+# See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Australia
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-12-08):
+# <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml">
+# Implementation Dates of Daylight Saving Time within Australia
+# </a> summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2005-12-12):
+# <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving">
+# Lawlink NSW:Daylight Saving in New South Wales
+# </a> covers New South Wales in particular.
+
+# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
+# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
+# It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
+# and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
+# abbreviation does _not_ change...
+# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
+# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
+# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
+# the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
+# time'.
+# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
+# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
+# or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
+# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
+# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
+# prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
+# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
+# Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
+# CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
+# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
+# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
+
+# From Chuck Soper (2006-06-01):
+# I recently found this Australian government web page on time zones:
+# <http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia-13time>
+# And this government web page lists time zone names and abbreviations:
+# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/daysavtm.shtml>
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-04-05), summarizing a long discussion about "EST"
+# versus "AEST" etc.:
+#
+# I see the following points of dispute:
+#
+# * How important are unique time zone abbreviations?
+#
+# Here I tend to agree with the point (most recently made by Chris
+# Newman) that unique abbreviations should not be essential for proper
+# operation of software. We have other instances of ambiguity
+# (e.g. "IST" denoting both "Israel Standard Time" and "Indian
+# Standard Time"), and they are not likely to go away any time soon.
+# In the old days, some software mistakenly relied on unique
+# abbreviations, but this is becoming less true with time, and I don't
+# think it's that important to cater to such software these days.
+#
+# On the other hand, there is another motivation for unambiguous
+# abbreviations: it cuts down on human confusion. This is
+# particularly true for Australia, where "EST" can mean one thing for
+# time T and a different thing for time T plus 1 second.
+#
+# * Does the relevant legislation indicate which abbreviations should be used?
+#
+# Here I tend to think that things are a mess, just as they are in
+# many other countries. We Americans are currently disagreeing about
+# which abbreviation to use for the newly legislated Chamorro Standard
+# Time, for example.
+#
+# Personally, I would prefer to use common practice; I would like to
+# refer to legislation only for examples of common practice, or as a
+# tiebreaker.
+#
+# * Do Australians more often use "Eastern Daylight Time" or "Eastern
+# Summer Time"? Do they typically prefix the time zone names with
+# the word "Australian"?
+#
+# My own impression is that both "Daylight Time" and "Summer Time" are
+# common and are widely understood, but that "Summer Time" is more
+# popular; and that the leading "A" is also common but is omitted more
+# often than not. I just used AltaVista advanced search and got the
+# following count of page hits:
+#
+# 1,103 "Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au
+# 971 "Australian Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au
+# 613 "Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au
+# 127 "Australian Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au
+#
+# Here "Summer" seems quite a bit more popular than "Daylight",
+# particularly when we know the time zone is Australian and not US,
+# say. The "Australian" prefix seems to be popular for Eastern Summer
+# Time, but unpopular for Eastern Daylight Time.
+#
+# For abbreviations, tools like AltaVista are less useful because of
+# ambiguity. Many hits are not really time zones, unfortunately, and
+# many hits denote US time zones and not Australian ones. But here
+# are the hit counts anyway:
+#
+# 161,304 "EST" and domain:au
+# 25,156 "EDT" and domain:au
+# 18,263 "AEST" and domain:au
+# 10,416 "AEDT" and domain:au
+#
+# 14,538 "CST" and domain:au
+# 5,728 "CDT" and domain:au
+# 176 "ACST" and domain:au
+# 29 "ACDT" and domain:au
+#
+# 7,539 "WST" and domain:au
+# 68 "AWST" and domain:au
+#
+# This data suggest that Australians tend to omit the "A" prefix in
+# practice. The situation for "ST" versus "DT" is less clear, given
+# the ambiguities involved.
+#
+# * How do Australians feel about the abbreviations in the tz database?
+#
+# If you just count Australians on this list, I count 2 in favor and 3
+# against. One of the "against" votes (David Keegel) counseled delay,
+# saying that both AEST/AEDT and EST/EST are widely used and
+# understood in Australia.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+# Shanks & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ.
+# Mark Prior writes that his newspaper
+# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
+# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
+# and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
+# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.
+
+# From Eric Ulevik (1998-01-05):
+#
+# Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable,
+# and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more
+# relevant entries in this database.
+#
+# NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill):
+# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html">
+# Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04)
+# </a>
+# ACT
+# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html">
+# Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972
+# </a>
+# SA
+# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html">
+# Standard Time Act, 1898
+# </a>
+
+# From David Grosz (2005-06-13):
+# It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by
+# one week next year to allow for the 2006 Commonwealth Games.
+# Daylight Saving is now to end for next year only on the first Sunday
+# in April instead of the last Sunday in March.
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2005-06-14):
+# I did some Googling and found that all of those states (and territory) plan
+# to extend DST together in 2006.
+# ACT: http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/mediareleases/fileread.cfm?file=86.txt
+# New South Wales: http://www.thecouriermail.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5936,15538869%255E1702,00.html
+# South Australia: http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15555031-1246,00.html
+# Tasmania: http://www.media.tas.gov.au/release.php?id=14772
+# Victoria: I wasn't able to find anything separate, but the other articles
+# allude to it.
+# But not Queensland
+# http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15564030-1248,00.html.
+
+# Northern Territory
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
+
+# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
+
+# Western Australia
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
+# # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
+# # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
+# # before reaching parliament.
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
+# Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
+
+# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
+
+# From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
+# Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
+# rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
+# work at 9.00am.)
+# W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
+# everybody again.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
+# The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
+# it matches what was used in the past.
+
+# <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm">
+# The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ
+# </a> (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses
+# South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.
+
+# Queensland
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
+# # [ Dec 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
+# Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
+
+# From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
+# "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
+# October 1989).
+
+# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
+# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
+
+# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
+# I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
+# end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
+# me.)
+
+# From Bradley White (1992-03-08):
+# ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
+# in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
+# ...
+# Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
+# ...
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
+# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
+
+# From Christopher Hunt (2006-11-21), after an advance warning
+# from Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-11-01):
+# WA are trialing DST for three years.
+# <http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/parliament/bills.nsf/9A1B183144403DA54825721200088DF1/$File/Bill175-1B.pdf>
+
+# From Rives McDow (2002-04-09):
+# The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the
+# southern coast.... South Australia observes daylight saving time; Western
+# Australia does not. The two states are one and a half hours apart. The
+# residents decided to forget about this nonsense of changing the clock so
+# much and set the local time 20 hours and 45 minutes from the
+# international date line, or right in the middle of the time of South
+# Australia and Western Australia....
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09):
+# This is confirmed by the section entitled
+# "What's the deal with time zones???" in
+# <http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html>.
+#
+# From Alex Livingston (2006-12-07):
+# ... it was just on four years ago that I drove along the Eyre Highway,
+# which passes through eastern Western Australia close to the southern
+# coast of the continent.
+#
+# I paid particular attention to the time kept there. There can be no
+# dispute that UTC+08:45 was considered "the time" from the border
+# village just inside the border with South Australia to as far west
+# as just east of Caiguna. There can also be no dispute that Eucla is
+# the largest population centre in this zone....
+#
+# Now that Western Australia is observing daylight saving, the
+# question arose whether this part of the state would follow suit. I
+# just called the border village and confirmed that indeed they have,
+# meaning that they are now observing UTC+09:45.
+#
+# (2006-12-09):
+# I personally doubt that either experimentation with daylight saving
+# in WA or its introduction in SA had anything to do with the genesis
+# of this time zone. My hunch is that it's been around since well
+# before 1975. I remember seeing it noted on road maps decades ago.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-15):
+# For lack of better info, assume the tradition dates back to the
+# introduction of standard time in 1895.
+
+
+# South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
+# The rules from version 7.1 follow.
+# There are lots of differences between these rules and
+# the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
+# and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
+# current DST ending dates, no worries.
+#
+# Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
+# Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun>=18 2:00 1:00 -
+# Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
+# Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
+# Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
+# Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
+# Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
+# Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
+# 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun>=15 3:00
+# 10:00 Oz EST
+
+# From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
+# that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
+# original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
+# that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
+# The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
+# that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
+
+# South Australia
+
+# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
+# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
+# ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
+# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
+# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 C
+# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
+
+# From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
+# Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
+# contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
+# South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
+
+# From Robert Elz (1992-03-13):
+# I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
+# South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
+# numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
+# is on...
+
+# From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000):
+# DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
+# But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
+# (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
+
+# From Bradley White (1994-04-11):
+# If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
+# 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
+# only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
+
+# From John Warburton (1994-10-07):
+# The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
+# was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
+# start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
+
+# Tasmania
+
+# The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
+# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+
+# From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
+# Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
+# 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
+# (but nothing new about that).
+
+# From Alex Livingston (1999-10-04):
+# I heard on the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) radio news on the
+# (long) weekend that Tasmania, which usually goes its own way in this regard,
+# has decided to join with most of NSW, the ACT, and most of Victoria
+# (Australia) and start daylight saving on the last Sunday in August in 2000
+# instead of the first Sunday in October.
+
+# Sim Alam (2000-07-03) reported a legal citation for the 2000/2001 rules:
+# http://www.thelaw.tas.gov.au/fragview/42++1968+GS3A@EN+2000070300
+
+# Victoria
+
+# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
+# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+
+# From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29):
+# On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an
+# interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was
+# discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar
+# Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located
+# in Melbourne, Australia.
+#
+# Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which
+# illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day
+# of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's
+# fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time,
+# you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the
+# expected time.
+#
+# However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had
+# to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of
+# the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps
+# someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more.
+#
+# [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html
+# [2] http://www.shrine.org.au
+
+# New South Wales
+
+# From Arthur David Olson:
+# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
+# Based on law library research by John Mackin,
+# who notes:
+# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
+# individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
+# [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
+# use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
+# legislation. This is very important to understand.
+# I have researched New South Wales time only...
+
+# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26):
+# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual
+# October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore,
+# <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html">
+# Two months more daylight saving
+# </a>
+# Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26).]
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
+# See the following official NSW source:
+# <a href="http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ">
+# Daylight Saving in New South Wales.
+# </a>
+#
+# Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of
+# daylight saving next year. See:
+# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm">
+# Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving
+# </a> (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens.
+#
+# Victoria will following NSW. See:
+# <a href="http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm">
+# Vic to extend daylight saving
+# </a> (1999-07-28).
+#
+# However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See:
+# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm">
+# South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request
+# </a> (1999-07-19).
+#
+# Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See:
+# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm">
+# Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics
+# </a> (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying
+# ``Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time
+# I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very
+# well for you, you don't have to worry about getting the children out of
+# bed, getting them to school, getting them to sleep at night.
+# I've been through all this argument domestically...my wife rules.''
+#
+# Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See:
+# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm">
+# Broken Hill to be behind the times
+# </a> (1999-07-21).
+
+# IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian
+# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken
+# Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics.
+
+# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29:
+# The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW
+# towns to use Queensland time.
+
+# Yancowinna
+
+# From John Mackin (1989-01-04):
+# `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
+# # [ Dec 1990 ]
+# ...
+# # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite [its] location on the
+# # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
+# # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
+# # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
+# # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
+# # presently available.
+# Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
+# ...
+# Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
+# [followed by other Rules]
+
+# Lord Howe Island
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen ]
+# [ Dec 1990 ]
+# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
+# hour ahead of NSW time.
+
+# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-01-27):
+# Lord Howe Island summer time in 2000/2001 will commence on the same
+# date as the rest of NSW (i.e. 2000-08-27). For your information the
+# Lord Howe Island Board (controlling authority for the Island) is
+# seeking the community's views on various options for summer time
+# arrangements on the Island, e.g. advance clocks by 1 full hour
+# instead of only 30 minutes. Dependant on the wishes of residents
+# the Board may approach the NSW government to change the existing
+# arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will
+# however always coincide with the rest of NSW.
+
+# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-10-25):
+# Lord Howe Island advances clocks by 30 minutes during DST in NSW and retards
+# clocks by 30 minutes when DST finishes. Since DST was most recently
+# introduced in NSW, the "changeover" time on the Island has been 02:00 as
+# shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start
+# of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks & Pottenger through 1989, and
+# Lonergan thereafter. For times we use Lonergan.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# New Zealand
+
+# From Mark Davies (1990-10-03):
+# the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
+# This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
+# subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
+# source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
+
+# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
+# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
+# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
+# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Auckland N.Z. ]
+# # [ Nov 1990 ]
+# ...
+# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
+# Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
+# ...
+# Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
+# Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
+# The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
+# rather than the October 1 value.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
+# Shank & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ.
+# Robert Uzgalis writes that the New Zealand Daylight
+# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
+# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
+# As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history,
+# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references.
+# Use these sources in preference to Shanks & Pottenger.
+#
+# For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with
+# transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham
+# is always exactly 45 minutes ahead of Auckland.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+
+# Fiji
+
+# Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
+# enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time
+# instead of the American system (which was one day behind).
+
+# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
+# Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01
+# until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will
+# be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08):
+# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow.
+
+# From the BBC World Service (1998-10-31 11:32 UTC):
+# The Fijiian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
+# improve productivity and reduce road accidents. But correspondents say it
+# also hopes the move will boost Fiji's ability to compete with other pacific
+# islands in the effort to attract tourists to witness the dawning of the new
+# millenium.
+
+# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13)
+# reports that Fiji has discontinued DST.
+
+# Johnston
+
+# Johnston data is from usno1995.
+
+
+# Kiribati
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
+# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
+# ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995''
+# as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
+
+
+# Kwajalein
+
+# In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
+# I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
+# 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
+# respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
+# going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
+
+
+# N Mariana Is, Guam
+
+# Howse writes (p 153) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
+# Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
+# (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
+# For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;
+# see Asia/Manila.
+
+# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time,
+# under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation,
+# but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law,
+# wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST".
+
+
+# Micronesia
+
+# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16),
+# ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
+# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11
+# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
+# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
+# <a href="http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html">
+# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information
+# </a> (1999-01-26)
+# that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11.
+# We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now.
+
+
+# Midway
+
+# From Charles T O'Connor, KMTH DJ (1956),
+# quoted in the KTMH section of the Radio Heritage Collection
+# <http://radiodx.com/spdxr/KMTH.htm> (2002-12-31):
+# For the past two months we've been on what is known as Daylight
+# Saving Time. This time has put us on air at 5am in the morning,
+# your time down there in New Zealand. Starting September 2, 1956
+# we'll again go back to Standard Time. This'll mean that we'll go to
+# air at 6am your time.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
+# We don't know the date of that quote, but we'll guess they
+# started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years
+# in Midway, but we have no record of it.
+
+
+# Pitcairn
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
+# A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998
+# with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows.
+#
+# The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be
+# Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known
+# as Pitcairn Standard Time.
+#
+# ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several
+# references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation
+# somehow in light of this proclamation.
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-11-09):
+# The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998
+# ... at midnight.
+
+# From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave:
+# Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as
+# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in
+# Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago.
+
+
+# Samoa
+
+# Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald)
+# that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
+# ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
+# ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that
+# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.''
+
+
+# Tonga
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
+# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting
+# to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.''
+# Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.
+
+# Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle
+# <a href="http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm">
+# How Tonga became `The Land where Time Begins'
+# </a>:
+
+# Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST
+# 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its
+# standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its
+# local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of
+# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees
+# (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time).
+#
+# Because His Majesty King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince
+# Tungi, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time
+# begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change.
+#
+# But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer
+# islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40
+# minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40
+# minutes we have lost?"
+#
+# The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that
+# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
+# to say your prayers in the morning."
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
+
+# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
+# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millenium
+# Committee, has a plan to get Tonga back in front.
+# He has proposed a one-off move to tropical daylight saving for Tonga from
+# October to March, which has won approval in principle from the Tongan
+# Government.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
+# * Tonga will introduce DST in November
+#
+# I was given this link by John Letts:
+# <a hef="http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm">
+# http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm
+# </a>
+#
+# I have not been able to find exact dates for the transition in November
+# yet. By reading this article it seems like Fiji will be 14 hours ahead
+# of UTC as well, but as far as I know Fiji will only be 13 hours ahead
+# (12 + 1 hour DST).
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1999-09-20):
+# According to <a href="http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html>
+# http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html
+# </a>:
+# "Daylight Savings Time will take effect on Oct. 2 through April 15, 2000
+# and annually thereafter from the first Saturday in October through the
+# third Saturday of April. Under the system approved by Privy Council on
+# Sept. 10, clocks must be turned ahead one hour on the opening day and
+# set back an hour on the closing date."
+# Alas, no indication of the time of day.
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-10-06):
+# Tonga started its Daylight Saving on Saturday morning October 2nd at 0200am.
+# Daylight Saving ends on April 16 at 0300am which is Sunday morning.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-31):
+# Back in March I found a notice on the website http://www.tongaonline.com
+# that Tonga changed back to standard time one month early, on March 19
+# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article
+# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the
+# text, and I have forgotten to report it here.
+# (Original URL was: http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm )
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
+# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27.
+
+# From Sione Moala-Mafi (2001-09-20) via Rives McDow:
+# At 2:00am on the first Sunday of November, the standard time in the Kingdom
+# shall be moved forward by one hour to 3:00am. At 2:00am on the last Sunday
+# of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one
+# hour to 1:00am.
+
+# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05):
+# The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't.
+
+
+# Wake
+
+# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
+# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
+#
+# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] -- ... The time was all the
+# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
+# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we
+# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
+# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
+# impossible.
+#
+# http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
+# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# The International Date Line
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03):
+#
+# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard,
+# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please.
+# Reputable mapmakers will simply ensure that every point of land appears on
+# the correct side of the IDL, according to the date legally observed there.
+#
+# When Kiribati adopted a uniform date in 1995, thereby moving the Phoenix and
+# Line Islands to the west side of the IDL (or, if you prefer, moving the IDL
+# to the east side of the Phoenix and Line Islands), I suppose that most
+# mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line
+# has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific
+# island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international
+# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.... The date is
+# governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some
+# places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not
+# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the
+# correct date is ambiguous.
+
+# From Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31):
+# Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting
+# their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's
+# speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's
+# meridian (12 o'clock = local apparent noon). During 1917, at the
+# Anglo-French Conference on Time-keeping at Sea, it was recommended that all
+# ships, both military and civilian, should adopt hourly standard time zones
+# on the high seas. Whenever a ship was within the territorial waters of any
+# nation it would use that nation's standard time. The captain was permitted
+# to change his ship's clocks at a time of his choice following his ship's
+# entry into another zone time--he often chose midnight. These zones were
+# adopted by all major fleets between 1920 and 1925 but not by many
+# independent merchant ships until World War II.
+
+# From Paul Eggert, using references suggested by Oscar van Vlijmen
+# (2005-03-20):
+#
+# The American Practical Navigator (2002)
+# <http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187>
+# talks only about the 180-degree meridian with respect to ships in
+# international waters; it ignores the international date line.
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)backward 8.3
+
+# This file provides links between current names for time zones
+# and their old names. Many names changed in late 1993.
+
+Link Africa/Asmara Africa/Asmera
+Link Africa/Bamako Africa/Timbuktu
+Link America/Argentina/Catamarca America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia
+Link America/Adak America/Atka
+Link America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires America/Buenos_Aires
+Link America/Argentina/Catamarca America/Catamarca
+Link America/Atikokan America/Coral_Harbour
+Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Cordoba
+Link America/Tijuana America/Ensenada
+Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Fort_Wayne
+Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis America/Indianapolis
+Link America/Argentina/Jujuy America/Jujuy
+Link America/Indiana/Knox America/Knox_IN
+Link America/Kentucky/Louisville America/Louisville
+Link America/Argentina/Mendoza America/Mendoza
+Link America/Rio_Branco America/Porto_Acre
+Link America/Argentina/Cordoba America/Rosario
+Link America/St_Thomas America/Virgin
+Link Asia/Ashgabat Asia/Ashkhabad
+Link Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking
+Link Asia/Dhaka Asia/Dacca
+Link Asia/Macau Asia/Macao
+Link Asia/Jerusalem Asia/Tel_Aviv
+Link Asia/Thimphu Asia/Thimbu
+Link Asia/Makassar Asia/Ujung_Pandang
+Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Ulan_Bator
+Link Atlantic/Faroe Atlantic/Faeroe
+Link Australia/Sydney Australia/ACT
+Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra
+Link Australia/Lord_Howe Australia/LHI
+Link Australia/Sydney Australia/NSW
+Link Australia/Darwin Australia/North
+Link Australia/Brisbane Australia/Queensland
+Link Australia/Adelaide Australia/South
+Link Australia/Hobart Australia/Tasmania
+Link Australia/Melbourne Australia/Victoria
+Link Australia/Perth Australia/West
+Link Australia/Broken_Hill Australia/Yancowinna
+Link America/Rio_Branco Brazil/Acre
+Link America/Noronha Brazil/DeNoronha
+Link America/Sao_Paulo Brazil/East
+Link America/Manaus Brazil/West
+Link America/Halifax Canada/Atlantic
+Link America/Winnipeg Canada/Central
+Link America/Regina Canada/East-Saskatchewan
+Link America/Toronto Canada/Eastern
+Link America/Edmonton Canada/Mountain
+Link America/St_Johns Canada/Newfoundland
+Link America/Vancouver Canada/Pacific
+Link America/Regina Canada/Saskatchewan
+Link America/Whitehorse Canada/Yukon
+Link America/Santiago Chile/Continental
+Link Pacific/Easter Chile/EasterIsland
+Link America/Havana Cuba
+Link Africa/Cairo Egypt
+Link Europe/Dublin Eire
+Link Europe/London Europe/Belfast
+Link Europe/Chisinau Europe/Tiraspol
+Link Europe/London GB
+Link Europe/London GB-Eire
+Link Etc/GMT GMT+0
+Link Etc/GMT GMT-0
+Link Etc/GMT GMT0
+Link Etc/GMT Greenwich
+Link Asia/Hong_Kong Hongkong
+Link Atlantic/Reykjavik Iceland
+Link Asia/Tehran Iran
+Link Asia/Jerusalem Israel
+Link America/Jamaica Jamaica
+Link Asia/Tokyo Japan
+Link Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein
+Link Africa/Tripoli Libya
+Link America/Tijuana Mexico/BajaNorte
+Link America/Mazatlan Mexico/BajaSur
+Link America/Mexico_City Mexico/General
+Link Pacific/Auckland NZ
+Link Pacific/Chatham NZ-CHAT
+Link America/Denver Navajo
+Link Asia/Shanghai PRC
+Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Samoa
+Link Pacific/Truk Pacific/Yap
+Link Europe/Warsaw Poland
+Link Europe/Lisbon Portugal
+Link Asia/Taipei ROC
+Link Asia/Seoul ROK
+Link Asia/Singapore Singapore
+Link Europe/Istanbul Turkey
+Link Etc/UCT UCT
+Link America/Anchorage US/Alaska
+Link America/Adak US/Aleutian
+Link America/Phoenix US/Arizona
+Link America/Chicago US/Central
+Link America/Indiana/Indianapolis US/East-Indiana
+Link America/New_York US/Eastern
+Link Pacific/Honolulu US/Hawaii
+Link America/Indiana/Knox US/Indiana-Starke
+Link America/Detroit US/Michigan
+Link America/Denver US/Mountain
+Link America/Los_Angeles US/Pacific
+Link Pacific/Pago_Pago US/Samoa
+Link Etc/UTC UTC
+Link Etc/UTC Universal
+Link Europe/Moscow W-SU
+Link Etc/UTC Zulu
--- /dev/null
+# Check tz tables for consistency.
+
+# @(#)checktab.awk 1.7
+
+# Contributed by Paul Eggert.
+
+BEGIN {
+ FS = "\t"
+
+ if (!iso_table) iso_table = "iso3166.tab"
+ if (!zone_table) zone_table = "zone.tab"
+ if (!want_warnings) want_warnings = -1
+
+ while (getline <iso_table) {
+ iso_NR++
+ if ($0 ~ /^#/) continue
+ if (NF != 2) {
+ printf "%s:%d: wrong number of columns\n", \
+ iso_table, iso_NR >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ cc = $1
+ name = $2
+ if (cc !~ /^[A-Z][A-Z]$/) {
+ printf "%s:%d: invalid country code `%s'\n", \
+ iso_table, iso_NR, cc >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ if (cc <= cc0) {
+ if (cc == cc0) {
+ s = "duplicate";
+ } else {
+ s = "out of order";
+ }
+
+ printf "%s:%d: country code `%s' is %s\n", \
+ iso_table, iso_NR, cc, s \
+ >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ cc0 = cc
+ if (name2cc[name]) {
+ printf "%s:%d: `%s' and `%s' have the sname name\n", \
+ iso_table, iso_NR, name2cc[name], cc \
+ >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ name2cc[name] = cc
+ cc2name[cc] = name
+ cc2NR[cc] = iso_NR
+ }
+
+ zone_table = "zone.tab"
+ cc0 = ""
+
+ while (getline <zone_table) {
+ zone_NR++
+ if ($0 ~ /^#/) continue
+ if (NF != 3 && NF != 4) {
+ printf "%s:%d: wrong number of columns\n", \
+ zone_table, zone_NR >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ cc = $1
+ coordinates = $2
+ tz = $3
+ comments = $4
+ if (cc < cc0) {
+ printf "%s:%d: country code `%s' is out of order\n", \
+ zone_table, zone_NR, cc >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ cc0 = cc
+ if (tz2cc[tz]) {
+ printf "%s:%d: %s: duplicate TZ column\n", \
+ zone_table, zone_NR, tz >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ tz2cc[tz] = cc
+ tz2comments[tz] = comments
+ tz2NR[tz] = zone_NR
+ if (cc2name[cc]) {
+ cc_used[cc]++
+ } else {
+ printf "%s:%d: %s: unknown country code\n", \
+ zone_table, zone_NR, cc >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ if (coordinates !~ /^[-+][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9][-+][01][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9]$/ \
+ && coordinates !~ /^[-+][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9][0-5][0-9][-+][01][0-9][0-9][0-5][0-9][0-5][0-9]$/) {
+ printf "%s:%d: %s: invalid coordinates\n", \
+ zone_table, zone_NR, coordinates >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (tz in tz2cc) {
+ if (cc_used[tz2cc[tz]] == 1) {
+ if (tz2comments[tz]) {
+ printf "%s:%d: unnecessary comment `%s'\n", \
+ zone_table, tz2NR[tz], tz2comments[tz] \
+ >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (!tz2comments[tz]) {
+ printf "%s:%d: missing comment\n", \
+ zone_table, tz2NR[tz] >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ FS = " "
+}
+
+{
+ tz = ""
+ if ($1 == "Zone") tz = $2
+ if ($1 == "Link") {
+ # Ignore Link commands if source and destination basenames
+ # are identical, e.g. Europe/Istanbul versus Asia/Istanbul.
+ src = $2
+ dst = $3
+ while ((i = index(src, "/"))) src = substr(src, i+1)
+ while ((i = index(dst, "/"))) dst = substr(dst, i+1)
+ if (src != dst) tz = $3
+ }
+ if (tz && tz ~ /\//) {
+ if (!tz2cc[tz]) {
+ printf "%s: no data for `%s'\n", zone_table, tz \
+ >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ zoneSeen[tz] = 1
+ }
+}
+
+END {
+ for (tz in tz2cc) {
+ if (!zoneSeen[tz]) {
+ printf "%s:%d: no Zone table for `%s'\n", \
+ zone_table, tz2NR[tz], tz >>"/dev/stderr"
+ status = 1
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (0 < want_warnings) {
+ for (cc in cc2name) {
+ if (!cc_used[cc]) {
+ printf "%s:%d: warning: " \
+ "no Zone entries for %s (%s)\n", \
+ iso_table, cc2NR[cc], cc, cc2name[cc]
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ exit status
+}
--- /dev/null
+.TH DATE 1
+.SH NAME
+date \- show and set date and time
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.if n .nh
+.if n .na
+.B date
+[
+.B \-u
+] [
+.B \-c
+] [
+.B \-n
+] [
+.B \-d
+dsttype
+] [
+.B \-t
+minutes-west
+] [
+\fB\-a \fR[\fB+\fR|\fB-]\fIsss\fB.\fIfff\fR
+] [
+.BI + format
+] [
+\fR[\fIyyyy\fR]\fImmddhhmm\fR[\fIyy\fR][\fB.\fIss\fR]
+]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Date
+without arguments writes the date and time to the standard output in
+the form
+.ce 1
+Wed Mar 8 14:54:40 EST 1989
+.br
+with
+.B EST
+replaced by the local time zone's abbreviation
+(or by the abbreviation for the time zone specified in the
+.B TZ
+environment variable if set).
+The exact output format depends on the locale.
+.PP
+If a command-line argument starts with a plus sign
+.RB (` + '),
+the rest of the argument is used as a
+.I format
+that controls what appears in the output.
+In the format, when a percent sign
+.RB (` % ')
+appears,
+it and the character after it are not output,
+but rather identify part of the date or time
+to be output in a particular way
+(or identify a special character to output):
+.nf
+.sp
+.if t .in +.5i
+.if n .in +2
+.ta \w'%M\0\0'u +\w'Wed Mar 8 14:54:40 EST 1989\0\0'u
+ Sample output Explanation
+%a Wed Abbreviated weekday name*
+%A Wednesday Full weekday name*
+%b Mar Abbreviated month name*
+%B March Full month name*
+%c Wed Mar 08 14:54:40 1989 Date and time*
+%C 19 Century
+%d 08 Day of month (always two digits)
+%D 03/08/89 Month/day/year (eight characters)
+%e 8 Day of month (leading zero blanked)
+%h Mar Abbreviated month name*
+%H 14 24-hour-clock hour (two digits)
+%I 02 12-hour-clock hour (two digits)
+%j 067 Julian day number (three digits)
+%k 2 12-hour-clock hour (leading zero blanked)
+%l 14 24-hour-clock hour (leading zero blanked)
+%m 03 Month number (two digits)
+%M 54 Minute (two digits)
+%n \\n newline character
+%p PM AM/PM designation
+%r 02:54:40 PM Hour:minute:second AM/PM designation
+%R 14:54 Hour:minute
+%S 40 Second (two digits)
+%t \\t tab character
+%T 14:54:40 Hour:minute:second
+%U 10 Sunday-based week number (two digits)
+%w 3 Day number (one digit, Sunday is 0)
+%W 10 Monday-based week number (two digits)
+%x 03/08/89 Date*
+%X 14:54:40 Time*
+%y 89 Last two digits of year
+%Y 1989 Year in full
+%Z EST Time zone abbreviation
+%+ Wed Mar 8 14:54:40 EST 1989 Default output format*
+.if t .in -.5i
+.if n .in -2
+* The exact output depends on the locale.
+.sp
+.fi
+If a character other than one of those shown above appears after
+a percent sign in the format,
+that following character is output.
+All other characters in the format are copied unchanged to the output;
+a newline character is always added at the end of the output.
+.PP
+In Sunday-based week numbering,
+the first Sunday of the year begins week 1;
+days preceding it are part of ``week 0.''
+In Monday-based week numbering,
+the first Monday of the year begins week 1.
+.PP
+To set the date, use a command line argument with one of the following forms:
+.nf
+.if t .in +.5i
+.if n .in +2
+.ta \w'198903081454\0'u
+1454 24-hour-clock hours (first two digits) and minutes
+081454 Month day (first two digits), hours, and minutes
+03081454 Month (two digits, January is 01), month day, hours, minutes
+8903081454 Year, month, month day, hours, minutes
+0308145489 Month, month day, hours, minutes, year
+ (on System V-compatible systems)
+030814541989 Month, month day, hours, minutes, four-digit year
+198903081454 Four-digit year, month, month day, hours, minutes
+.if t .in -.5i
+.if n .in -2
+.fi
+If the century, year, month, or month day is not given,
+the current value is used.
+Any of the above forms may be followed by a period and two digits that give
+the seconds part of the new time; if no seconds are given, zero is assumed.
+.PP
+These options are available:
+.TP
+.BR \-u " or " \-c
+Use UTC when setting and showing the date and time.
+.TP
+.B \-n
+Do not notify other networked systems of the time change.
+.TP
+.BI "\-d " dsttype
+Set the kernel-stored Daylight Saving Time type to the given value.
+(The kernel-stored DST type is used mostly by ``old'' binaries.)
+.TP
+.BI "\-t " minutes-west
+Set the kernel-stored ``minutes west of UTC'' value to the one given on the
+command line.
+(The kernel-stored DST type is used mostly by ``old'' binaries.)
+.TP
+.BI "\-a " adjustment
+Change the time forward (or backward) by the number of seconds
+(and fractions thereof) specified in the
+.I adjustment\^
+argument.
+Either the seconds part or the fractions part of the argument (but not both)
+may be omitted.
+On BSD-based systems,
+the adjustment is made by changing the rate at which time advances;
+on System-V-based systems, the adjustment is made by changing the time.
+.SH FILES
+.ta \w'/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules\0\0'u
+/usr/lib/locale/\f2L\fP/LC_TIME description of time locale \f2L\fP
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo time zone information directory
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/localtime local time zone file
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules used with POSIX-style TZ's
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT for UTC leap seconds
+.sp
+If
+.B /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT
+is absent,
+UTC leap seconds are loaded from
+.BR /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules .
+.\" @(#)date.1 7.4
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ date - show and set date and time
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ date [ -u ] [ -c ] [ -n ] [ -d dsttype ] [ -t minutes-west ]
+ [ -a [+|-]sss.fff ] [ +format ] [ [yyyy]mmddhhmm[yy][.ss] ]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Date without arguments writes the date and time to the
+ standard output in the form
+ Wed Mar 8 14:54:40 EST 1989
+ with EST replaced by the local time zone's abbreviation (or
+ by the abbreviation for the time zone specified in the TZ
+ environment variable if set). The exact output format
+ depends on the locale.
+
+ If a command-line argument starts with a plus sign (`+'),
+ the rest of the argument is used as a format that controls
+ what appears in the output. In the format, when a percent
+ sign (`%') appears, it and the character after it are not
+ output, but rather identify part of the date or time to be
+ output in a particular way (or identify a special character
+ to output):
+
+ Sample output Explanation
+ %a Wed Abbreviated weekday name*
+ %A Wednesday Full weekday name*
+ %b Mar Abbreviated month name*
+ %B March Full month name*
+ %c Wed Mar 08 14:54:40 1989 Date and time*
+ %C 19 Century
+ %d 08 Day of month (always two digits)
+ %D 03/08/89 Month/day/year (eight characters)
+ %e 8 Day of month (leading zero blanked)
+ %h Mar Abbreviated month name*
+ %H 14 24-hour-clock hour (two digits)
+ %I 02 12-hour-clock hour (two digits)
+ %j 067 Julian day number (three digits)
+ %k 2 12-hour-clock hour (leading zero blanked)
+ %l 14 24-hour-clock hour (leading zero blanked)
+ %m 03 Month number (two digits)
+ %M 54 Minute (two digits)
+ %n \n newline character
+ %p PM AM/PM designation
+ %r 02:54:40 PM Hour:minute:second AM/PM designation
+ %R 14:54 Hour:minute
+ %S 40 Second (two digits)
+ %t \t tab character
+ %T 14:54:40 Hour:minute:second
+ %U 10 Sunday-based week number (two digits)
+ %w 3 Day number (one digit, Sunday is 0)
+ %W 10 Monday-based week number (two digits)
+ %x 03/08/89 Date*
+ %X 14:54:40 Time*
+ %y 89 Last two digits of year
+ %Y 1989 Year in full
+ %Z EST Time zone abbreviation
+ %+ Wed Mar 8 14:54:40 EST 1989 Default output format*
+ * The exact output depends on the locale.
+
+ If a character other than one of those shown above appears
+ after a percent sign in the format, that following character
+ is output. All other characters in the format are copied
+ unchanged to the output; a newline character is always added
+ at the end of the output.
+
+ In Sunday-based week numbering, the first Sunday of the year
+ begins week 1; days preceding it are part of ``week 0.'' In
+ Monday-based week numbering, the first Monday of the year
+ begins week 1.
+
+ To set the date, use a command line argument with one of the
+ following forms:
+ 1454 24-hour-clock hours (first two digits) and minutes
+ 081454 Month day (first two digits), hours, and minutes
+ 03081454 Month (two digits, January is 01), month day, hours, minutes
+ 8903081454 Year, month, month day, hours, minutes
+ 0308145489 Month, month day, hours, minutes, year
+ (on System V-compatible systems)
+ 030814541989 Month, month day, hours, minutes, four-digit year
+ 198903081454 Four-digit year, month, month day, hours, minutes
+ If the century, year, month, or month day is not given, the
+ current value is used. Any of the above forms may be
+ followed by a period and two digits that give the seconds
+ part of the new time; if no seconds are given, zero is
+ assumed.
+
+ These options are available:
+
+ -u or -c
+ Use UTC when setting and showing the date and time.
+
+ -n Do not notify other networked systems of the time
+ change.
+
+ -d dsttype
+ Set the kernel-stored Daylight Saving Time type to the
+ given value. (The kernel-stored DST type is used
+ mostly by ``old'' binaries.)
+
+ -t minutes-west
+ Set the kernel-stored ``minutes west of UTC'' value to
+ the one given on the command line. (The kernel-stored
+ DST type is used mostly by ``old'' binaries.)
+
+ -a adjustment
+ Change the time forward (or backward) by the number of
+ seconds (and fractions thereof) specified in the
+ adjustment argument. Either the seconds part or the
+ fractions part of the argument (but not both) may be
+ omitted. On BSD-based systems, the adjustment is made
+ by changing the rate at which time advances; on
+ System-V-based systems, the adjustment is made by
+ changing the time.
+
+FILES
+ /usr/lib/locale/L/LC_TIME description of time
+ locale L
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo time zone information
+ directory
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/localtime local time zone file
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules used with POSIX-style
+ TZ's
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT for UTC leap seconds
+
+ If /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT is absent, UTC leap seconds
+ are loaded from /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules.
--- /dev/null
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)date.c 7.45";
+/*
+** Modified from the UCB version with the SCCS ID appearing below.
+*/
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1985, 1987, 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
+ * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
+ * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
+ * advertising materials, and other materials related to such
+ * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
+ * by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the
+ * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ * from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT[A]BILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef lint
+char copyright[] =
+"@(#) Copyright (c) 1985, 1987, 1988 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
+ All rights reserved.\n";
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#ifndef lint
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)date.c 4.23 (Berkeley) 9/20/88";
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include "private.h"
+#if HAVE_ADJTIME || HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY
+#include "sys/time.h" /* for struct timeval, struct timezone */
+#endif /* HAVE_ADJTIME || HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY */
+#include "locale.h"
+#include "utmp.h" /* for OLD_TIME (or its absence) */
+#if HAVE_UTMPX_H
+#include "utmpx.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef OTIME_MSG
+#define OTIME_MSG "old time"
+#endif
+#ifndef NTIME_MSG
+#define NTIME_MSG "new time"
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The two things date knows about time are. . .
+*/
+
+#ifndef TM_YEAR_BASE
+#define TM_YEAR_BASE 1900
+#endif /* !defined TM_YEAR_BASE */
+
+#ifndef SECSPERMIN
+#define SECSPERMIN 60
+#endif /* !defined SECSPERMIN */
+
+extern double atof();
+extern char ** environ;
+extern char * getlogin();
+extern time_t mktime();
+extern char * optarg;
+extern int optind;
+extern char * strchr();
+extern time_t time();
+extern char * tzname[2];
+
+static int retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+static void checkfinal P((const char *, int, time_t, time_t));
+static int comptm P((const struct tm *, const struct tm *));
+static time_t convert P((const char *, int, time_t));
+static void display P((const char *));
+static void dogmt P((void));
+static void errensure P((void));
+static void iffy P((time_t, time_t, const char *, const char *));
+int main P((int, char**));
+static const char * nondigit P((const char *));
+static void oops P((const char *));
+static void reset P((time_t, int));
+static void timeout P((FILE *, const char *, const struct tm *));
+static void usage P((void));
+static void wildinput P((const char *, const char *,
+ const char *));
+
+int
+main(argc, argv)
+const int argc;
+char * argv[];
+{
+ register const char * format;
+ register const char * value;
+ register const char * cp;
+ register int ch;
+ register int dousg;
+ register int aflag = 0;
+ register int dflag = 0;
+ register int nflag = 0;
+ register int tflag = 0;
+ register int minuteswest;
+ register int dsttime;
+ register double adjust;
+ time_t now;
+ time_t t;
+
+ INITIALIZE(dousg);
+ INITIALIZE(minuteswest);
+ INITIALIZE(dsttime);
+ INITIALIZE(adjust);
+ INITIALIZE(t);
+#ifdef LC_ALL
+ (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+#endif /* defined(LC_ALL) */
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+#ifdef TZ_DOMAINDIR
+ (void) bindtextdomain(TZ_DOMAIN, TZ_DOMAINDIR);
+#endif /* defined(TEXTDOMAINDIR) */
+ (void) textdomain(TZ_DOMAIN);
+#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT */
+ (void) time(&now);
+ format = value = NULL;
+ while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ucnd:t:a:")) != EOF && ch != -1) {
+ switch (ch) {
+ default:
+ usage();
+ case 'u': /* do it in UTC */
+ case 'c':
+ dogmt();
+ break;
+ case 'n': /* don't set network */
+ nflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'd': /* daylight saving time */
+ if (dflag) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: error: multiple -d's used"));
+ usage();
+ }
+ dflag = 1;
+ cp = optarg;
+ dsttime = atoi(cp);
+ if (*cp == '\0' || *nondigit(cp) != '\0')
+ wildinput(_("-t value"), optarg,
+ _("must be a non-negative number"));
+ break;
+ case 't': /* minutes west of UTC */
+ if (tflag) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: error: multiple -t's used"));
+ usage();
+ }
+ tflag = 1;
+ cp = optarg;
+ minuteswest = atoi(cp);
+ if (*cp == '+' || *cp == '-')
+ ++cp;
+ if (*cp == '\0' || *nondigit(cp) != '\0')
+ wildinput(_("-d value"), optarg,
+ _("must be a number"));
+ break;
+ case 'a': /* adjustment */
+ if (aflag) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: error: multiple -a's used"));
+ usage();
+ }
+ aflag = 1;
+ cp = optarg;
+ adjust = atof(cp);
+ if (*cp == '+' || *cp == '-')
+ ++cp;
+ if (*cp == '\0' || strcmp(cp, ".") == 0)
+ wildinput(_("-a value"), optarg,
+ _("must be a number"));
+ cp = nondigit(cp);
+ if (*cp == '.')
+ ++cp;
+ if (*nondigit(cp) != '\0')
+ wildinput(_("-a value"), optarg,
+ _("must be a number"));
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ while (optind < argc) {
+ cp = argv[optind++];
+ if (*cp == '+')
+ if (format == NULL)
+ format = cp + 1;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("date: error: multiple formats in command line\n"));
+ usage();
+ }
+ else if (value == NULL)
+ value = cp;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("date: error: multiple values in command line\n"));
+ usage();
+ }
+ }
+ if (value != NULL) {
+ /*
+ ** This order ensures that "reasonable" twelve-digit inputs
+ ** (such as 120203042006) won't be misinterpreted
+ ** even if time_t's range all the way back to the thirteenth
+ ** century. Do not change the order.
+ */
+ t = convert(value, (dousg = TRUE), now);
+ if (t == -1)
+ t = convert(value, (dousg = FALSE), now);
+ if (t == -1) {
+ /*
+ ** Out of range values,
+ ** or time that falls in a DST transition hole?
+ */
+ if ((cp = strchr(value, '.')) != NULL) {
+ /*
+ ** Ensure that the failure of
+ ** TZ=America/New_York date 8712312359.60
+ ** doesn't get misdiagnosed. (It was
+ ** TZ=America/New_York date 8712311859.60
+ ** when the leap second was inserted.)
+ ** The normal check won't work since
+ ** the given time is valid in UTC.
+ */
+ if (atoi(cp + 1) >= SECSPERMIN)
+ wildinput(_("time"), value,
+ _("out of range seconds given"));
+ }
+ dogmt();
+ t = convert(value, FALSE, now);
+ if (t == -1)
+ t = convert(value, TRUE, now);
+ wildinput(_("time"), value,
+ (t == -1) ?
+ _("out of range value given") :
+ _("time skipped when clock springs forward"));
+ }
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Entire command line has now been checked.
+ */
+ if (aflag) {
+#if HAVE_ADJTIME
+ struct timeval tv;
+
+ tv.tv_sec = (int) adjust;
+ tv.tv_usec = (int) ((adjust - tv.tv_sec) * 1000000L);
+ if (adjtime(&tv, (struct timeval *) NULL) != 0)
+ oops("adjtime");
+#endif /* HAVE_ADJTIME */
+#if !HAVE_ADJTIME
+ reset((time_t) (now + adjust), nflag);
+#endif /* !HAVE_ADJTIME */
+ /*
+ ** Sun silently ignores everything else; we follow suit.
+ */
+ exit(retval);
+ }
+ if (dflag || tflag) {
+#if HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY == 2
+ struct timezone tz;
+
+ if (!dflag || !tflag)
+ if (gettimeofday((struct timeval *) NULL, &tz) != 0)
+ oops("gettimeofday");
+ if (dflag)
+ tz.tz_dsttime = dsttime;
+ if (tflag)
+ tz.tz_minuteswest = minuteswest;
+ if (settimeofday((struct timeval *) NULL, &tz) != 0)
+ oops("settimeofday");
+#endif /* HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY == 2 */
+#if HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY != 2
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("date: warning: kernel doesn't keep -d/-t information, option ignored\n"));
+#endif /* HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY != 2 */
+ }
+
+ if (value == NULL)
+ display(format);
+
+ reset(t, nflag);
+
+ checkfinal(value, dousg, t, now);
+
+#ifdef EBUG
+ {
+ struct tm tm;
+
+ tm = *localtime(&t);
+ timeout(stdout, "%c\n", &tm);
+ exit(retval);
+ }
+#endif /* defined EBUG */
+
+ display(format);
+
+ /* gcc -Wall pacifier */
+ for ( ; ; )
+ continue;
+}
+
+static void
+dogmt()
+{
+ static char ** fakeenv;
+
+ if (fakeenv == NULL) {
+ register int from;
+ register int to;
+ register int n;
+ static char tzegmt0[] = "TZ=GMT0";
+
+ for (n = 0; environ[n] != NULL; ++n)
+ continue;
+ fakeenv = (char **) malloc((size_t) (n + 2) * sizeof *fakeenv);
+ if (fakeenv == NULL) {
+ (void) perror(_("Memory exhausted"));
+ errensure();
+ exit(retval);
+ }
+ to = 0;
+ fakeenv[to++] = tzegmt0;
+ for (from = 1; environ[from] != NULL; ++from)
+ if (strncmp(environ[from], "TZ=", 3) != 0)
+ fakeenv[to++] = environ[from];
+ fakeenv[to] = NULL;
+ environ = fakeenv;
+ }
+}
+
+#ifdef OLD_TIME
+
+/*
+** We assume we're on a System-V-based system,
+** should use stime,
+** should write System-V-format utmp entries,
+** and don't have network notification to worry about.
+*/
+
+#include "fcntl.h" /* for O_WRONLY, O_APPEND */
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+static void
+#if __STDC__
+reset(const time_t newt, const int nflag)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+reset(newt, nflag)
+const time_t newt;
+const int nflag;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ register int fid;
+ time_t oldt;
+ static struct {
+ struct utmp before;
+ struct utmp after;
+ } s;
+#if HAVE_UTMPX_H
+ static struct {
+ struct utmpx before;
+ struct utmpx after;
+ } sx;
+#endif
+
+ /*
+ ** Wouldn't it be great if stime returned the old time?
+ */
+ (void) time(&oldt);
+ if (stime(&newt) != 0)
+ oops("stime");
+ s.before.ut_type = OLD_TIME;
+ s.before.ut_time = oldt;
+ (void) strcpy(s.before.ut_line, OTIME_MSG);
+ s.after.ut_type = NEW_TIME;
+ s.after.ut_time = newt;
+ (void) strcpy(s.after.ut_line, NTIME_MSG);
+ fid = open(WTMP_FILE, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND);
+ if (fid < 0)
+ oops(_("log file open"));
+ if (write(fid, (char *) &s, sizeof s) != sizeof s)
+ oops(_("log file write"));
+ if (close(fid) != 0)
+ oops(_("log file close"));
+#if !HAVE_UTMPX_H
+ pututline(&s.before);
+ pututline(&s.after);
+#endif /* !HAVE_UTMPX_H */
+#if HAVE_UTMPX_H
+ sx.before.ut_type = OLD_TIME;
+ sx.before.ut_tv.tv_sec = oldt;
+ (void) strcpy(sx.before.ut_line, OTIME_MSG);
+ sx.after.ut_type = NEW_TIME;
+ sx.after.ut_tv.tv_sec = newt;
+ (void) strcpy(sx.after.ut_line, NTIME_MSG);
+#if !SUPPRESS_WTMPX_FILE_UPDATE
+ /* In Solaris 2.5 (and presumably other systems),
+ `date' does not update /var/adm/wtmpx.
+ This must be a bug. If you'd like to reproduce the bug,
+ define SUPPRESS_WTMPX_FILE_UPDATE to be nonzero. */
+ fid = open(WTMPX_FILE, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND);
+ if (fid < 0)
+ oops(_("log file open"));
+ if (write(fid, (char *) &sx, sizeof sx) != sizeof sx)
+ oops(_("log file write"));
+ if (close(fid) != 0)
+ oops(_("log file close"));
+#endif /* !SUPPRESS_WTMPX_FILE_UPDATE */
+ pututxline(&sx.before);
+ pututxline(&sx.after);
+#endif /* HAVE_UTMPX_H */
+}
+
+#endif /* defined OLD_TIME */
+#ifndef OLD_TIME
+
+/*
+** We assume we're on a BSD-based system,
+** should use settimeofday,
+** should write BSD-format utmp entries (using logwtmp),
+** and may get to worry about network notification.
+** The "time name" changes between 4.3-tahoe and 4.4;
+** we include sys/param.h to determine which we should use.
+*/
+
+#ifndef TIME_NAME
+#include "sys/param.h"
+#ifdef BSD4_4
+#define TIME_NAME "date"
+#endif /* defined BSD4_4 */
+#ifndef BSD4_4
+#define TIME_NAME ""
+#endif /* !defined BSD4_4 */
+#endif /* !defined TIME_NAME */
+
+#include "syslog.h"
+#include "sys/socket.h"
+#include "netinet/in.h"
+#include "netdb.h"
+#define TSPTYPES
+#include "protocols/timed.h"
+
+extern int logwtmp();
+
+#if HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY == 1
+#define settimeofday(t, tz) (settimeofday)(t)
+#endif /* HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY == 1 */
+
+#ifndef TSP_SETDATE
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+#endif /* !defined TSP_SETDATE */
+static void
+reset(newt, nflag)
+const time_t newt;
+const int nflag;
+{
+ register const char * username;
+ static struct timeval tv; /* static so tv_usec is 0 */
+
+#ifdef EBUG
+ return;
+#endif /* defined EBUG */
+ username = getlogin();
+ if (username == NULL || *username == '\0') /* single-user or no tty */
+ username = "root";
+ tv.tv_sec = newt;
+#ifdef TSP_SETDATE
+ if (nflag || !netsettime(tv))
+#endif /* defined TSP_SETDATE */
+ {
+ /*
+ ** "old" entry is always written, for compatibility.
+ */
+ logwtmp("|", TIME_NAME, "");
+ if (settimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *) NULL) == 0) {
+ logwtmp("{", TIME_NAME, ""); /* } */
+ syslog(LOG_AUTH | LOG_NOTICE, _("date set by %s"),
+ username);
+ } else oops("settimeofday");
+ }
+}
+
+#endif /* !defined OLD_TIME */
+
+static void
+wildinput(item, value, reason)
+const char * const item;
+const char * const value;
+const char * const reason;
+{
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: error: bad command line %s \"%s\", %s\n"),
+ item, value, reason);
+ usage();
+}
+
+static void
+errensure P((void))
+{
+ if (retval == EXIT_SUCCESS)
+ retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
+static const char *
+nondigit(cp)
+register const char * cp;
+{
+ while (is_digit(*cp))
+ ++cp;
+ return cp;
+}
+
+static void
+usage P((void))
+{
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("date: usage is date [-u] [-c] [-n] [-d dst] \
+[-t min-west] [-a sss.fff] [[yyyy]mmddhhmm[yyyy][.ss]] [+format]\n"));
+ errensure();
+ exit(retval);
+}
+
+static void
+oops(string)
+const char * const string;
+{
+ int e = errno;
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("date: error: "));
+ errno = e;
+ (void) perror(string);
+ errensure();
+ display((char *) NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+display(format)
+const char * const format;
+{
+ struct tm tm;
+ time_t now;
+
+ (void) time(&now);
+ tm = *localtime(&now);
+ timeout(stdout, format ? format : "%+", &tm);
+ (void) putchar('\n');
+ (void) fflush(stdout);
+ (void) fflush(stderr);
+ if (ferror(stdout) || ferror(stderr)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: error: couldn't write results\n"));
+ errensure();
+ }
+ exit(retval);
+}
+
+extern size_t strftime();
+
+#define INCR 1024
+
+static void
+timeout(fp, format, tmp)
+FILE * const fp;
+const char * const format;
+const struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ char * cp;
+ size_t result;
+ size_t size;
+
+ if (*format == '\0')
+ return;
+ size = INCR;
+ cp = malloc((size_t) size);
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ if (cp == NULL) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: error: can't get memory\n"));
+ errensure();
+ exit(retval);
+ }
+ cp[0] = '\1';
+ result = strftime(cp, size, format, tmp);
+ if (result != 0 || cp[0] == '\0')
+ break;
+ size += INCR;
+ cp = realloc(cp, (size_t) size);
+ }
+ (void) fwrite(cp, 1, result, fp);
+ free(cp);
+}
+
+static int
+comptm(atmp, btmp)
+register const struct tm * const atmp;
+register const struct tm * const btmp;
+{
+ register int result;
+
+ if ((result = (atmp->tm_year - btmp->tm_year)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_mon - btmp->tm_mon)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_mday - btmp->tm_mday)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_hour - btmp->tm_hour)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_min - btmp->tm_min)) == 0)
+ result = atmp->tm_sec - btmp->tm_sec;
+ return result;
+}
+
+/*
+** convert --
+** convert user's input into a time_t.
+*/
+
+#define ATOI2(ar) (ar[0] - '0') * 10 + (ar[1] - '0'); ar += 2;
+
+static time_t
+#if __STDC__
+convert(register const char * const value, const int dousg, const time_t t)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+convert(value, dousg, t)
+register const char * const value;
+const int dousg;
+const time_t t;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ register const char * cp;
+ register const char * dotp;
+ register int cent, year_in_cent, month, hour, day, mins, secs;
+ struct tm tm, outtm;
+ time_t outt;
+
+ tm = *localtime(&t);
+#define DIVISOR 100
+ year_in_cent = tm.tm_year % DIVISOR + TM_YEAR_BASE % DIVISOR;
+ cent = tm.tm_year / DIVISOR + TM_YEAR_BASE / DIVISOR +
+ year_in_cent / DIVISOR;
+ year_in_cent %= DIVISOR;
+ if (year_in_cent < 0) {
+ year_in_cent += DIVISOR;
+ --cent;
+ }
+ month = tm.tm_mon + 1;
+ day = tm.tm_mday;
+ hour = tm.tm_hour;
+ mins = tm.tm_min;
+ secs = 0;
+
+ dotp = strchr(value, '.');
+ for (cp = value; *cp != '\0'; ++cp)
+ if (!is_digit(*cp) && cp != dotp)
+ wildinput(_("time"), value, _("contains a nondigit"));
+
+ if (dotp == NULL)
+ dotp = strchr(value, '\0');
+ else {
+ cp = dotp + 1;
+ if (strlen(cp) != 2)
+ wildinput(_("time"), value,
+ _("seconds part is not two digits"));
+ secs = ATOI2(cp);
+ }
+
+ cp = value;
+ switch (dotp - cp) {
+ default:
+ wildinput(_("time"), value,
+ _("main part is wrong length"));
+ case 12:
+ if (!dousg) {
+ cent = ATOI2(cp);
+ year_in_cent = ATOI2(cp);
+ }
+ month = ATOI2(cp);
+ day = ATOI2(cp);
+ hour = ATOI2(cp);
+ mins = ATOI2(cp);
+ if (dousg) {
+ cent = ATOI2(cp);
+ year_in_cent = ATOI2(cp);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 8: /* mmddhhmm */
+ month = ATOI2(cp);
+ /* fall through to. . . */
+ case 6: /* ddhhmm */
+ day = ATOI2(cp);
+ /* fall through to. . . */
+ case 4: /* hhmm */
+ hour = ATOI2(cp);
+ mins = ATOI2(cp);
+ break;
+ case 10:
+ if (!dousg) {
+ year_in_cent = ATOI2(cp);
+ }
+ month = ATOI2(cp);
+ day = ATOI2(cp);
+ hour = ATOI2(cp);
+ mins = ATOI2(cp);
+ if (dousg) {
+ year_in_cent = ATOI2(cp);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+
+ tm.tm_year = cent * 100 + year_in_cent - TM_YEAR_BASE;
+ tm.tm_mon = month - 1;
+ tm.tm_mday = day;
+ tm.tm_hour = hour;
+ tm.tm_min = mins;
+ tm.tm_sec = secs;
+ tm.tm_isdst = -1;
+ outtm = tm;
+ outt = mktime(&outtm);
+ return (comptm(&tm, &outtm) == 0) ? outt : -1;
+}
+
+/*
+** Code from here on out is either based on code provided by UCB
+** or is only called just before the program exits.
+*/
+
+/*
+** Check for iffy input.
+*/
+
+static void
+#if __STDC__
+checkfinal(const char * const value,
+ const int didusg,
+ const time_t t,
+ const time_t oldnow)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+checkfinal(value, didusg, t, oldnow)
+const char * const value;
+const int didusg;
+const time_t t;
+const time_t oldnow;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ time_t othert;
+ struct tm tm;
+ struct tm othertm;
+ register int pass;
+ register long offset;
+
+ /*
+ ** See if there's both a USG and a BSD interpretation.
+ */
+ othert = convert(value, !didusg, oldnow);
+ if (othert != -1 && othert != t)
+ iffy(t, othert, value, _("year could be at start or end"));
+ /*
+ ** See if there's both a DST and a STD version.
+ */
+ tm = *localtime(&t);
+ othertm = tm;
+ othertm.tm_isdst = !tm.tm_isdst;
+ othert = mktime(&othertm);
+ if (othert != -1 && othertm.tm_isdst != tm.tm_isdst &&
+ comptm(&tm, &othertm) == 0)
+ iffy(t, othert, value,
+ _("both standard and summer time versions exist"));
+/*
+** Final check.
+**
+** If a jurisdiction shifts time *without* shifting whether time is
+** summer or standard (as Hawaii, the United Kingdom, and Saudi Arabia
+** have done), routine checks for iffy times may not work.
+** So we perform this final check, deferring it until after the time has
+** been set--it may take a while, and we don't want to introduce an unnecessary
+** lag between the time the user enters their command and the time that
+** stime/settimeofday is called.
+**
+** We just check nearby times to see if any have the same representation
+** as the time that convert returned. We work our way out from the center
+** for quick response in solar time situations. We only handle common cases--
+** offsets of at most a minute, and offsets of exact numbers of minutes
+** and at most an hour.
+*/
+ for (offset = 1; offset <= 60; ++offset)
+ for (pass = 1; pass <= 4; ++pass) {
+ if (pass == 1)
+ othert = t + offset;
+ else if (pass == 2)
+ othert = t - offset;
+ else if (pass == 3)
+ othert = t + 60 * offset;
+ else othert = t - 60 * offset;
+ othertm = *localtime(&othert);
+ if (comptm(&tm, &othertm) == 0)
+ iffy(t, othert, value,
+ _("multiple matching times exist"));
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+#if __STDC__
+iffy(const time_t thist, const time_t thatt,
+ const char * const value, const char * const reason)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+iffy(thist, thatt, value, reason)
+const time_t thist;
+const time_t thatt;
+const char * const value;
+const char * const reason;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ struct tm tm;
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("date: warning: ambiguous time \"%s\", %s.\n"),
+ value, reason);
+ tm = *gmtime(&thist);
+ /*
+ ** Avoid running afoul of SCCS!
+ */
+ timeout(stderr, _("Time was set as if you used\n\tdate -u %m%d%H\
+%M\
+%Y.%S\n"), &tm);
+ tm = *localtime(&thist);
+ timeout(stderr, _("to get %c"), &tm);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _(" (%s). Use\n"),
+ tm.tm_isdst ? _("summer time") : _("standard time"));
+ tm = *gmtime(&thatt);
+ timeout(stderr, _("\tdate -u %m%d%H\
+%M\
+%Y.%S\n"), &tm);
+ tm = *localtime(&thatt);
+ timeout(stderr, _("to get %c"), &tm);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _(" (%s).\n"),
+ tm.tm_isdst ? _("summer time") : _("standard time"));
+ errensure();
+ exit(retval);
+}
+
+#ifdef TSP_SETDATE
+#define WAITACK 2 /* seconds */
+#define WAITDATEACK 5 /* seconds */
+
+/*
+ * Set the date in the machines controlled by timedaemons
+ * by communicating the new date to the local timedaemon.
+ * If the timedaemon is in the master state, it performs the
+ * correction on all slaves. If it is in the slave state, it
+ * notifies the master that a correction is needed.
+ * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
+ */
+netsettime(ntv)
+ struct timeval ntv;
+{
+ int s, length, port, timed_ack, found, err;
+ long waittime;
+ fd_set ready;
+ char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
+ struct timeval tout;
+ struct servent *sp;
+ struct tsp msg;
+ struct sockaddr_in sin, dest, from;
+
+ sp = getservbyname("timed", "udp");
+ if (sp == 0) {
+ fputs(_("udp/timed: unknown service\n"), stderr);
+ retval = 2;
+ return (0);
+ }
+ dest.sin_port = sp->s_port;
+ dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
+ dest.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((u_long)INADDR_ANY);
+ s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+ if (s < 0) {
+ if (errno != EPROTONOSUPPORT)
+ perror("date: socket");
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof (sin));
+ sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
+ for (port = IPPORT_RESERVED - 1; port > IPPORT_RESERVED / 2; port--) {
+ sin.sin_port = htons((u_short)port);
+ if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof (sin)) >= 0)
+ break;
+ if (errno != EADDRINUSE) {
+ if (errno != EADDRNOTAVAIL)
+ perror("date: bind");
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ }
+ if (port == IPPORT_RESERVED / 2) {
+ fputs(_("date: All ports in use\n"), stderr);
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ msg.tsp_type = TSP_SETDATE;
+ msg.tsp_vers = TSPVERSION;
+ if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof (hostname))) {
+ perror("gethostname");
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ (void) strncpy(msg.tsp_name, hostname, sizeof (hostname));
+ msg.tsp_seq = htons((u_short)0);
+ msg.tsp_time.tv_sec = htonl((u_long)ntv.tv_sec);
+ msg.tsp_time.tv_usec = htonl((u_long)ntv.tv_usec);
+ length = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
+ if (connect(s, &dest, length) < 0) {
+ perror("date: connect");
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ if (send(s, (char *)&msg, sizeof (struct tsp), 0) < 0) {
+ if (errno != ECONNREFUSED)
+ perror("date: send");
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ timed_ack = -1;
+ waittime = WAITACK;
+loop:
+ tout.tv_sec = waittime;
+ tout.tv_usec = 0;
+ FD_ZERO(&ready);
+ FD_SET(s, &ready);
+ found = select(FD_SETSIZE, &ready, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, &tout);
+ length = sizeof err;
+ if (getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (char *)&err, &length) == 0
+ && err) {
+ errno = err;
+ if (errno != ECONNREFUSED)
+ perror(_("date: send (delayed error)"));
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ if (found > 0 && FD_ISSET(s, &ready)) {
+ length = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
+ if (recvfrom(s, (char *)&msg, sizeof (struct tsp), 0, &from,
+ &length) < 0) {
+ if (errno != ECONNREFUSED)
+ perror("date: recvfrom");
+ goto bad;
+ }
+ msg.tsp_seq = ntohs(msg.tsp_seq);
+ msg.tsp_time.tv_sec = ntohl(msg.tsp_time.tv_sec);
+ msg.tsp_time.tv_usec = ntohl(msg.tsp_time.tv_usec);
+ switch (msg.tsp_type) {
+
+ case TSP_ACK:
+ timed_ack = TSP_ACK;
+ waittime = WAITDATEACK;
+ goto loop;
+
+ case TSP_DATEACK:
+ (void)close(s);
+ return (1);
+
+ default:
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ _("date: Wrong ack received from timed: %s\n"),
+ tsptype[msg.tsp_type]);
+ timed_ack = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (timed_ack == -1)
+ fputs(_("date: Can't reach time daemon, time set locally.\n"),
+ stderr);
+bad:
+ (void)close(s);
+ retval = 2;
+ return (0);
+}
+#endif /* defined TSP_SETDATE */
--- /dev/null
+/*
+** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+** 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
+*/
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)difftime.c 7.19";
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+/*LINTLIBRARY*/
+
+#include "private.h" /* for time_t, TYPE_INTEGRAL, and TYPE_SIGNED */
+
+double
+difftime(time1, time0)
+const time_t time1;
+const time_t time0;
+{
+ /*
+ ** If (sizeof (double) > sizeof (time_t)) simply convert and subtract
+ ** (assuming that the larger type has more precision).
+ ** This is the common real-world case circa 2004.
+ */
+ if (sizeof (double) > sizeof (time_t))
+ return (double) time1 - (double) time0;
+ if (!TYPE_INTEGRAL(time_t)) {
+ /*
+ ** time_t is floating.
+ */
+ return time1 - time0;
+ }
+ if (!TYPE_SIGNED(time_t)) {
+ /*
+ ** time_t is integral and unsigned.
+ ** The difference of two unsigned values can't overflow
+ ** if the minuend is greater than or equal to the subtrahend.
+ */
+ if (time1 >= time0)
+ return time1 - time0;
+ else return -((double) (time0 - time1));
+ }
+ /*
+ ** time_t is integral and signed.
+ ** Handle cases where both time1 and time0 have the same sign
+ ** (meaning that their difference cannot overflow).
+ */
+ if ((time1 < 0) == (time0 < 0))
+ return time1 - time0;
+ /*
+ ** time1 and time0 have opposite signs.
+ ** Punt if unsigned long is too narrow.
+ */
+ if (sizeof (unsigned long) < sizeof (time_t))
+ return (double) time1 - (double) time0;
+ /*
+ ** Stay calm...decent optimizers will eliminate the complexity below.
+ */
+ if (time1 >= 0 /* && time0 < 0 */)
+ return (unsigned long) time1 +
+ (unsigned long) (-(time0 + 1)) + 1;
+ return -(double) ((unsigned long) time0 +
+ (unsigned long) (-(time1 + 1)) + 1);
+}
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)etcetera 8.1
+
+# These entries are mostly present for historical reasons, so that
+# people in areas not otherwise covered by the tz files could "zic -l"
+# to a time zone that was right for their area. These days, the
+# tz files cover almost all the inhabited world, and the only practical
+# need now for the entries that are not on UTC are for ships at sea
+# that cannot use POSIX TZ settings.
+
+Zone Etc/GMT 0 - GMT
+Zone Etc/UTC 0 - UTC
+Zone Etc/UCT 0 - UCT
+
+# The following link uses older naming conventions,
+# but it belongs here, not in the file `backward',
+# as functions like gmtime load the "GMT" file to handle leap seconds properly.
+# We want this to work even on installations that omit the other older names.
+Link Etc/GMT GMT
+
+Link Etc/UTC Etc/Universal
+Link Etc/UTC Etc/Zulu
+
+Link Etc/GMT Etc/Greenwich
+Link Etc/GMT Etc/GMT-0
+Link Etc/GMT Etc/GMT+0
+Link Etc/GMT Etc/GMT0
+
+# We use POSIX-style signs in the Zone names and the output abbreviations,
+# even though this is the opposite of what many people expect.
+# POSIX has positive signs west of Greenwich, but many people expect
+# positive signs east of Greenwich. For example, TZ='Etc/GMT+4' uses
+# the abbreviation "GMT+4" and corresponds to 4 hours behind UTC
+# (i.e. west of Greenwich) even though many people would expect it to
+# mean 4 hours ahead of UTC (i.e. east of Greenwich).
+#
+# In the draft 5 of POSIX 1003.1-200x, the angle bracket notation
+# (which is not yet supported by the tz code) allows for
+# TZ='<GMT-4>+4'; if you want time zone abbreviations conforming to
+# ISO 8601 you can use TZ='<-0400>+4'. Thus the commonly-expected
+# offset is kept within the angle bracket (and is used for display)
+# while the POSIX sign is kept outside the angle bracket (and is used
+# for calculation).
+#
+# Do not use a TZ setting like TZ='GMT+4', which is four hours behind
+# GMT but uses the completely misleading abbreviation "GMT".
+
+# Earlier incarnations of this package were not POSIX-compliant,
+# and had lines such as
+# Zone GMT-12 -12 - GMT-1200
+# We did not want things to change quietly if someone accustomed to the old
+# way does a
+# zic -l GMT-12
+# so we moved the names into the Etc subdirectory.
+
+Zone Etc/GMT-14 14 - GMT-14 # 14 hours ahead of GMT
+Zone Etc/GMT-13 13 - GMT-13
+Zone Etc/GMT-12 12 - GMT-12
+Zone Etc/GMT-11 11 - GMT-11
+Zone Etc/GMT-10 10 - GMT-10
+Zone Etc/GMT-9 9 - GMT-9
+Zone Etc/GMT-8 8 - GMT-8
+Zone Etc/GMT-7 7 - GMT-7
+Zone Etc/GMT-6 6 - GMT-6
+Zone Etc/GMT-5 5 - GMT-5
+Zone Etc/GMT-4 4 - GMT-4
+Zone Etc/GMT-3 3 - GMT-3
+Zone Etc/GMT-2 2 - GMT-2
+Zone Etc/GMT-1 1 - GMT-1
+Zone Etc/GMT+1 -1 - GMT+1
+Zone Etc/GMT+2 -2 - GMT+2
+Zone Etc/GMT+3 -3 - GMT+3
+Zone Etc/GMT+4 -4 - GMT+4
+Zone Etc/GMT+5 -5 - GMT+5
+Zone Etc/GMT+6 -6 - GMT+6
+Zone Etc/GMT+7 -7 - GMT+7
+Zone Etc/GMT+8 -8 - GMT+8
+Zone Etc/GMT+9 -9 - GMT+9
+Zone Etc/GMT+10 -10 - GMT+10
+Zone Etc/GMT+11 -11 - GMT+11
+Zone Etc/GMT+12 -12 - GMT+12
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)europe 8.10
+# <pre>
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Other sources occasionally used include:
+#
+# Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
+# which I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
+# William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
+# </a> (1914-03)
+#
+# Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH),
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm">
+# History of Summer Time
+# </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese)
+
+#
+# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
+# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
+# Corrections are welcome!
+# std dst 2dst
+# LMT Local Mean Time
+# -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic
+# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland*
+# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland*
+# 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer
+# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer
+# 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe
+# 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)*
+# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)*
+# 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe
+# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)*
+# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe
+# 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow
+#
+# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones, especially in Britain,
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
+
+# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04),
+# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
+# Luxembourg, the Netherlands.
+# Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom.
+# Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece.
+# Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal.
+# Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for
+# entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8%
+# on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous
+# referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice.
+# Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.)
+# ...
+# Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT.
+# I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards.
+# ...
+# There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules].
+# A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact
+# national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the
+# different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed
+# in the Directive.
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Britain (United Kingdom) and Ireland (Eire)
+
+# From Peter Ilieve (1994-07-06):
+#
+# On 17 Jan 1994 the Independent, a UK quality newspaper, had a piece about
+# historical vistas along the Thames in west London. There was a photo
+# and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph
+# of the text said:
+#
+# `An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands
+# beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude
+# was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed
+# this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They
+# made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament,
+# but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking
+# along the towpath within a few yards of it.'
+#
+# I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's
+# position is 51 deg. 28' 30" N, 0 deg. 18' 45" W. The longitude should
+# be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761.
+#
+# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.]
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
+#
+# Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time.
+# The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time,
+# and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country.
+# The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828)
+# and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808-1903).
+# The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway
+# in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most
+# (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847-09-22 the
+# Railway Clearing House, an industry standards body, recommended that GMT be
+# adopted at all stations as soon as the General Post Office permitted it.
+# The transition occurred on 12-01 for the L&NW, the Caledonian,
+# and presumably other railways; the January 1848 Bradshaw's lists many
+# railways as using GMT. By 1855 the vast majority of public
+# clocks in Britain were set to GMT (though some, like the great clock
+# on Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, were fitted with two minute hands,
+# one for local time and one for GMT). The last major holdout was the legal
+# system, which stubbornly stuck to local time for many years, leading
+# to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13.
+# The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition
+# of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02.
+#
+# In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single
+# transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much
+# about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27):
+# Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915),
+# a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society
+# who circulated a pamphlet ``The Waste of Daylight'' (1907)
+# that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April,
+# and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September.
+# A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times,
+# but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests.
+# Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and
+# it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916.
+# See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18).
+# A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in
+# a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular
+# subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith,
+# designed by G. W. Miller, is the the William Willett Memorial Sundial,
+# which is permanently set to Summer Time.
+
+# From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28):
+# It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of
+# summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country
+# between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which
+# plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the
+# foundations of civilization throughout the world.
+# -- <a href="http://www.winstonchurchill.org/fh114willett.htm">
+# "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly
+# </a>
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
+# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said ``Daylight Saving''
+# when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this
+# term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the
+# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using ``Summer''.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19):
+#
+# A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's
+# known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom.
+
+# Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed)
+# From: Jonathan Leffler
+# [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament.
+# If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in
+# politics making a fortune, not computing.
+
+# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-14):
+# I remember reading in various wartime issues of the London Times the
+# acronym BDST for British Double Summer Time. Look for the published
+# time of sunrise and sunset in The Times, when BDST was in effect, and
+# if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T."
+
+# From Joseph S. Myers (1999-09-02):
+# ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 - this is a copy from the
+# main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516)
+# agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945).
+
+# From Joseph S. Myers (2000-10-03):
+# On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir
+# Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any
+# official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't
+# but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British
+# Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally.
+# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/bbc-19410418.png
+# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png
+
+# From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21):
+# [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time
+# which is to be introduced in May....
+# I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time"
+# which could not be said to run counter to any official description.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Howse writes (p 157) `DBST' too, but `BDST' seems to have been common
+# and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first,
+# so we use `BDST'.
+
+# Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length
+# the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom.
+# Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating
+# and extending this list, which can be found in
+# <a href="http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/">
+# History of legal time in Britain
+# </a>
+
+# From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06):
+#
+# The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC;
+# see Lord Tanlaw's speech
+# <a href="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0">
+# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976)
+# </a>.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+#
+# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948.
+#
+# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger
+# are incorrect:
+# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until
+# 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain.
+# Actually, Wales was identical after 1880.
+# * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1.
+# It actually just had one transition.
+# * Northern Ireland used single daylight saving time throughout WW II.
+# Actually, it conformed to Britain.
+# * GB-Eire changed standard time to 1 hour ahead of GMT on 1968-02-18.
+# Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time.
+# Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change).
+#
+# Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger:
+# * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT
+# to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to
+# conform with Great Britain.
+# S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise.
+#
+# The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful;
+# we'll ignore it for now.
+# * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00.
+#
+#
+# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than
+# Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory
+# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was
+# to London. For example:
+#
+# "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time."
+# -- James Joyce, Ulysses
+
+# From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26):
+# Irish laws are available online at www.irishstatutebook.ie. These include
+# various relating to legal time, for example:
+#
+# ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html
+#
+# ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html
+# ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html
+#
+# ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html
+# ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html
+# ZZA23Y1968.html ZZA17Y1971.html
+#
+# ZZSI67Y1981.html ZZSI212Y1982.html ZZSI45Y1986.html
+# ZZSI264Y1988.html ZZSI52Y1990.html ZZSI371Y1992.html
+# ZZSI395Y1994.html ZZSI484Y1997.html ZZSI506Y2001.html
+#
+# [These are all relative to the root, e.g., the first is
+# <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/ZZA13Y1923.html>.]
+#
+# (These are those I found, but there could be more. In any case these
+# should allow various updates to the comments in the europe file to cover
+# the laws applicable in Ireland.)
+#
+# (Note that the time in the Republic of Ireland since 1968 has been defined
+# in terms of standard time being GMT+1 with a period of winter time when it
+# is GMT, rather than standard time being GMT with a period of summer time
+# being GMT+1.)
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28):
+# Clive Feather (<news:859845706.26043.0@office.demon.net>, 1997-03-31)
+# reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time
+# (CT), equivalent to French civil time.
+# Julian Hill (<news:36118128.5A14@virgin.net>, 1998-09-30) reports that
+# trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door)
+# and Frethun run in CT.
+# My admittedly uninformed guess is that the terminal has two authorities,
+# the French concession operators and the British civil authorities,
+# and that the time depends on who you're talking to.
+# If, say, the British police were called to the station for some reason,
+# I would expect the official police report to use GMT/BST and not CET/CEST.
+# This is a borderline case, but for now let's stick to GMT/BST.
+
+# From an anonymous contributor (1996-06-02):
+# The law governing time in Ireland is under Statutory Instrument SI 395/94,
+# which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive # 94/21/EC.
+# Under this directive, the Minister for Justice in Ireland makes appropriate
+# regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of
+# Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is
+# "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST".
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Summer Time Act, 1916
+Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1917, No. 358
+Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1918, No. 274
+Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1919, No. 297
+Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1920, No. 458
+Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# S.R.&O. 1920, No. 1844
+Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1921, No. 363
+Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1922, No. 264
+Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 2:00s 0 GMT
+# The Summer Time Act, 1922
+Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1923 1924 - Sep Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT
+Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1925 1926 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# The Summer Time Act, 1925
+Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT
+Rule GB-Eire 1927 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1928 1929 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1930 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1931 1932 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1933 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1934 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1935 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1936 1937 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1938 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# S.R.&O. 1939, No. 1379
+Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT
+# S.R.&O. 1940, No. 172 and No. 1883
+Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb Sun>=23 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# S.R.&O. 1941, No. 476
+Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST
+Rule GB-Eire 1941 1943 - Aug Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST
+# S.R.&O. 1942, No. 506
+Rule GB-Eire 1942 1944 - Apr Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST
+# S.R.&O. 1944, No. 932
+Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST
+# S.R.&O. 1945, No. 312
+Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr Mon>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST
+Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST
+# S.R.&O. 1945, No. 1208
+Rule GB-Eire 1945 1946 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT
+Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# The Summer Time Act, 1947
+Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 BDST
+Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 GMT
+# Summer Time Order, 1948 (S.I. 1948/495)
+Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT
+# Summer Time Order, 1949 (S.I. 1949/373)
+Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT
+# Summer Time Order, 1950 (S.I. 1950/518)
+# Summer Time Order, 1951 (S.I. 1951/430)
+# Summer Time Order, 1952 (S.I. 1952/451)
+Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT
+# revert to the rules of the Summer Time Act, 1925
+Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT
+Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# Summer Time Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/71)
+# Summer Time (1962) Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/2465)
+# Summer Time Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/81)
+Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT
+# Summer Time (1964) Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/2101)
+# Summer Time Order, 1964 (S.I. 1964/1201)
+# Summer Time Order, 1967 (S.I. 1967/1148)
+Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# Summer Time Order, 1968 (S.I. 1968/117)
+Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST
+# The British Standard Time Act, 1968
+# (no summer time)
+# The Summer Time Act, 1972
+Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT
+# Summer Time Order, 1980 (S.I. 1980/1089)
+# Summer Time Order, 1982 (S.I. 1982/1673)
+# Summer Time Order, 1986 (S.I. 1986/223)
+# Summer Time Order, 1988 (S.I. 1988/931)
+Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST
+Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT
+# Summer Time Order, 1989 (S.I. 1989/985)
+# Summer Time Order, 1992 (S.I. 1992/1729)
+# Summer Time Order 1994 (S.I. 1994/2798)
+Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT
+# Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982)
+# See EU for rules starting in 1996.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s
+ 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
+ 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
+ 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
+ 0:00 EU GMT/BST
+Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey
+Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey
+Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man
+Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
+ -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00
+ -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
+ 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence
+ 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00
+ 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00
+ 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00
+ 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00
+ 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00
+ 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27
+ 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
+ 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996
+ 0:00 EU GMT/IST
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Continental Europe
+
+# EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC,
+# Common Market, etc.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S
+Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
+Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 -
+Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
+Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
+Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
+# The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See:
+# <a href="http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/lif/dat/2000/en_300L0084.html"
+# Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
+# of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements.
+# </a>
+
+# W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time.
+Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 -
+Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+
+# Older C-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables.
+# From 1977 on, C-Eur differs from EU only in that C-Eur uses standard time.
+Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule C-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule C-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+
+# E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time.
+Rule E-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule E-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule E-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule E-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule E-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time
+Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time
+Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time
+Rule Russia 1918 only - Sep 16 1:00 1:00 MST
+Rule Russia 1919 only - May 31 23:00 2:00 MDST
+Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 M # Midsummer
+Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+# Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24):
+Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+# Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in
+# Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14):
+Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+#
+Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
+Rule Russia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Russia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+
+# These are for backward compatibility with older versions.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT
+Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT
+Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT
+Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST
+# for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage.
+
+# From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12):
+# The official German names ... are
+#
+# Mitteleuropaeische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00
+# Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00
+#
+# as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz ueber die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG),
+# 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111)....
+# I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution
+#
+# Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
+# Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit"
+# Postfach 3345
+# D-38023 Braunschweig
+# phone: +49 531 592-0
+#
+# ... I received today an answer letter from Dr. Peter Hetzel, head of the PTB
+# department for time and frequency transmission. He explained that the
+# PTB translates MEZ and MESZ into English as
+#
+# Central European Time (CET) = UTC+01:00
+# Central European Summer Time (CEST) = UTC+02:00
+
+
+# Albania
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Albania 1940 only - Jun 16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1943 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1974 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1974 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1975 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1975 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1976 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1976 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1977 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1977 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1978 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1979 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1980 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1980 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1981 only - Apr 26 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1981 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1982 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1982 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914
+ 1:00 - CET 1940 Jun 16
+ 1:00 Albania CE%sT 1984 Jul
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Andorra
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901
+ 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30
+ 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Austria
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and
+# 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and
+# Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged"
+# date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV,
+# and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Austria 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:20 - LMT 1893 Apr
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1920
+ 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s
+ 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s
+ 1:00 - CET 1946
+ 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1981
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Belarus
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880
+ 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time
+ 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
+ 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
+ 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s
+ 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s
+ 2:00 Russia EE%sT
+
+# Belgium
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02):
+# Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from:
+# Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique,
+# Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe annee, 1991
+# (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC),
+# pp 8-9.
+# LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium:
+# Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121.
+# Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references.
+# The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium.
+# Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Belgium 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1918 1919 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1922 1927 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S
+# DSH writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd
+# Sat in Apr (except if it's Easter, in which case it's one Sunday earlier),
+# to Sun following 1st Sat in Oct, and that a royal decree of 1928-09-15
+# changed the transition times to 02:00 GMT.
+Rule Belgium 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1928 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1929 only - Apr 21 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1931 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1932 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1933 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1934 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1935 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1936 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1937 only - Apr 4 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1938 only - Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1939 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880
+ 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT
+ 0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8
+ 1:00 - CET 1916 May 1 0:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Nov 11 11:00u
+ 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 20 2:00s
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 3
+ 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Bosnia and Herzegovina
+# see Serbia
+
+# Bulgaria
+#
+# From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
+# A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says:
+# EET --> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ...
+# EETDST --> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
+Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 -
+Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880
+ 1:56:56 - IMT 1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT?
+ 2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 3:00
+ 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00
+ 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 2:00
+ 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Croatia
+# see Serbia
+
+# Cyprus
+# Please see the `asia' file for Asia/Nicosia.
+
+# Czech Republic
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Czech 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Czech 1947 only - Apr 20 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Czech 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850
+ 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s
+ 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-04-26):
+# http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law
+# [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01....
+# The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL
+# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29.
+#
+# The EU treaty with effect from 1973:
+# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL
+#
+# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes
+# in subsequenet decrees with the law
+# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL
+#
+# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have
+# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST
+# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to
+# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from
+# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know
+# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only
+# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981:
+# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning
+# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which
+# was suspended on that night):
+# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-06-11):
+# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between
+# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11):
+# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not
+# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 -
+Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 -
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890
+ 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT
+ 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
+ 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn
+ 0:00 - WET 1981
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31):
+# During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in
+# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones.
+# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
+# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU
+# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab
+# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU
+# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980.
+
+# From Gwillin Law (2001-06-06), citing
+# <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15),
+# and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen:
+#
+# Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC
+# is according to the following time line:
+#
+# The military zone near Thule UTC-4
+# Standard Greenland time UTC-3
+# Scoresbysund UTC-1
+# Danmarkshavn UTC
+#
+# In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be
+# introduced.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-11-01):
+#
+# I correspond regularly with the Dansk Polarcenter, and wrote them at
+# the time to clarify the situation in Thule. Unfortunately, I have
+# not heard back from them regarding my recent letter. [But I have
+# info from earlier correspondence.]
+#
+# According to the center, a very small local time zone around Thule
+# Air Base keeps the time according to UTC-4, implementing daylight
+# savings using North America rules, changing the time at 02:00 local time....
+#
+# The east coast of Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund
+# uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst.
+# There are just a few stations on this coast, including the
+# Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th
+# email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in
+# Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the
+# DPC research station at Zackenberg.
+#
+# Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use
+# the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthab).
+#
+# The rest of Greenland, including Godthab (this area, although it
+# includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time
+# UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules.
+#
+# It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and
+# North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators
+# maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of
+# this area is that it sticks with Godthab time. This area might be
+# considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-11-19):
+# I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place
+# there at 2:00 AM.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT;
+# the 1995 map as like Godthab.
+# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996.
+# startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error,
+# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year.
+# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
+ -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
+ -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996
+ 0:00 - GMT
+Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
+ -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
+ -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
+ -1:00 EU EG%sT
+Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
+ -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
+ -3:00 EU WG%sT
+Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
+ -4:00 Thule A%sT
+
+# Estonia
+# From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15):
+# A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards
+# [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it,
+# a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
+#
+# From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
+# [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
+# but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
+# ``I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
+# (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
+# conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
+# A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
+# human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
+# summer time next spring.''
+
+# From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited:
+# <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390">
+# The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law
+# </a>
+# refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between
+# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22--27, 120).
+#
+# I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation
+# for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg"
+# (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time).
+
+# From <a href="http://www.baltictimes.com/">The Baltic Times</a> (1999-09-09)
+# via Steffen Thorsen:
+# This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time,
+# a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6....
+# But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European
+# Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory
+# for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do
+# after that.
+
+# From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29):
+# Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation
+# no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all
+# the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01.
+
+# From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21):
+# The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics.
+# Now we are using again EU rules.
+#
+# From Urmet Jaanes (2002-03-28):
+# The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880
+ 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul
+ 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May
+ 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s
+ 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1
+ 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 21
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Finland
+#
+# From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC):
+# Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one,
+# and it's supposed to change at 4am...
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Finland has switched at 02:00 standard time
+# since 1981. Go with Strang instead.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31
+ 1:39:52 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time
+ 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Aaland Is
+Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn
+
+
+# France
+
+# From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20):
+#
+# Henri Le Corre, Regimes Horaires pour le monde entier, Editions
+# Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993
+#
+# Gabriel, Traite de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Tredaniel editeur,
+# Paris, 1991
+#
+# Francoise Gauquelin, Problemes de l'heure resolus en astrologie,
+# Guy tredaniel, Paris 1987
+
+
+#
+# Shank & Pottenger seem to use `24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
+Rule France 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 -
+Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S
+# DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st
+# Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions
+# were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1930 only - Apr 12 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1933 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
+Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S
+# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger
+# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations.
+# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez,
+# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La
+# Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Decartes,
+# Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin,
+# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois,
+# Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collognes (Haute-Savioe).
+Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer
+# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00,
+# but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12),
+# who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes
+# as saying 5/10/41 22hUT.
+Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M
+Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M
+Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M
+Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M
+Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00;
+# go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT.
+Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05,
+# but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21.
+# Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based
+# on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01
+ 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre.
+ 0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00
+# Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25
+ 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
+ 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Germany
+
+# From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29):
+# The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische
+# Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916.
+# [See tz-link.htm for the URL.]
+
+# From Joerg Schilling (2002-10-23):
+# In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by <a
+# href="http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/">
+# General [Nikolai] Bersarin</a>.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08):
+# <a href="http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf">
+# says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20.
+# However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so
+# this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4.
+
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Germany 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Germany 1945 only - May 24 2:00 2:00 M # Midsummer
+Rule Germany 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Germany 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Germany 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Germany 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Germany 1947 only - May 11 2:00s 2:00 M
+Rule Germany 1947 only - Jun 29 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Germany 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Germany 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
+ 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Georgia
+# Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi.
+# Herodotus (Histories, IV.45) says Georgia north of the Phasis (now Rioni)
+# is in Europe. Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part.
+
+# Gibraltar
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s
+ 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00
+ 1:00 - CET 1982
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Greece
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
+# Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 -
+Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
+# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1975 only - Nov 26 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Greece 1976 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1976 only - Oct 10 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Greece 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1977 only - Sep 26 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Greece 1978 only - Sep 24 4:00 0 -
+Rule Greece 1979 only - Apr 1 9:00 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 -
+Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14
+ 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT
+ 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30
+ 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4
+ 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981
+ # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981;
+ # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1.
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Hungary
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 29 3:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1919 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1920 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
+Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918
+ 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 6 2:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 1 23:00
+ 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Iceland
+#
+# From Adam David (1993-11-06):
+# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT.
+#
+# (1993-12-05):
+# This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of
+# Iceland Almanak.
+#
+# From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour
+# behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts
+# of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavik mean solar time which
+# was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT.
+#
+# "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks
+# of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the
+# time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always
+# Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars.
+#
+# (1993-12-10):
+# I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the
+# beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus
+# to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question.
+# the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day
+# (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday.
+# St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style"
+# might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
+# might mean something else (???).
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points.
+# We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely
+# that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1918 only - Nov 16 1:00 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Iceland 1939 only - Nov 29 2:00 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Iceland 1940 only - Nov 3 2:00 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 -
+# 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter
+Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 -
+# 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter
+Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S
+# 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 week
+Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837
+ -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time?
+ -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s
+ 0:00 - GMT
+
+# Italy
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
+# Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893,
+# called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32).
+# During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time.
+# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
+# so record only the time in Rome.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and
+# F. Pollastri
+# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
+# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03)
+# </a>
+# (`FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute
+# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows:
+#
+# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with:
+# 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W
+# 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s
+# 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S
+# 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W
+# 1918 03-09 03-09 24:00 03-09 00:00 FP & S
+# 10-06 10-05 24:00 10-06 01:00 FP & W
+# 1919 03-01 03-01 24:00 03-01 00:00 FP & S
+# 10-04 10-04 24:00 10-04 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s
+# 1920 03-20 03-20 24:00 03-20 00:00 FP & S
+# 09-18 09-18 24:00 10-01 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s
+# 1944 04-02 04-03 02:00 S (see C-Eur)
+# 09-16 10-02 03:00 FP; guess 24:00s
+# 1945 09-14 09-16 24:00 FP; guess 24:00s
+# 1970 05-21 05-31 00:00 S
+# 09-20 09-27 00:00 S
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
+Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22
+ 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean
+ 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul
+ 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican
+Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
+
+# Latvia
+
+# From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17):
+
+# I asked about this matter Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Astronomy
+# of The University of Latvia Dr. paed Mr. Ilgonis Vilks. I also searched the
+# correct data in juridical acts and I found some juridical documents about
+# changes in the counting of time in Latvia from 1981....
+#
+# Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ...
+# according to the Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24
+# ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning
+# the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on 1 April at 00:00 (GMT 31 March 21:00)
+# and 1 hour backward on the 1 October at 00:00 (GMT 30 September 20:00).
+#
+# Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ...
+# according to the Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13
+# ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning
+# the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the last Sunday of March at 02:00
+# (GMT 23:00 on the previous day) and 1 hour backward on the last Sunday of
+# September at 03:00 (GMT 23:00 on the previous day).
+#
+# Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ...
+# according to the Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14
+# ...: since the last Sunday of March 1989 in Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR,
+# Estonian SSR and Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation all year round the
+# time of 2nd time zone (Moscow time minus one hour). On the territory of Latvia
+# transition to summer time is performed on the last Sunday of March at 02:00
+# (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward. The end of
+# daylight saving time is performed on the last Sunday of September at 03:00
+# (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour backward. Exception is
+# 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock....
+#
+# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of
+# 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of
+# daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union.
+
+# From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06):
+# This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in
+# <a href="http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm">
+# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of
+# 29-Feb-2000 (#79)</a>, in Latvian for subscribers only).
+
+# <a href="http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html">
+# From RFE/RL Newsline (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow:
+# </a>
+# The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will
+# institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported.
+# Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their
+# clocks one hour in the spring....
+# Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few
+# daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European
+# Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving
+# time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government
+# urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it
+# appears that they will not do so....
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880
+ 1:36:24 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time
+ 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer
+ 1:36:24 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00
+ 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00
+ 1:36:24 - RMT 1926 May 11
+ 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s
+ 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s
+ 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29
+ 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Liechtenstein
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun
+ 1:00 - CET 1981
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Lithuania
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
+# IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is
+# known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too.
+
+# From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07):
+# I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone
+# (Europe/Vilnius) was changed.
+
+# From <a href="http://www.elta.lt/">ELTA</a> No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29),
+# via Steffen Thorsen:
+# Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours)
+# to be valid here starting from October 31,
+# as decided by the national government on Wednesday....
+# The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a
+# motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was
+# already done by Estonia.
+
+# From the <a href="http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm">
+# Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism
+# </a> (2000-03-27): Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving.
+
+# From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07):
+# As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will
+# observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid
+# down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its
+# neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of
+# 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at
+# http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm
+
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880
+ 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time
+ 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time
+ 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12
+ 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9
+ 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
+ 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998
+ 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u
+ 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Luxembourg
+# Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 -
+Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun
+ 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25
+ 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s
+ 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00
+ 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Macedonia
+# see Serbia
+
+# Malta
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
+Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta
+ 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s
+ 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31
+ 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Moldova
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write
+# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00.
+# However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence
+# on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree).
+# In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area
+# and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time.
+# But [two people] separately reported via
+# Jesper Norgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau.
+# The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880
+ 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT
+ 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
+ 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15
+ 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
+ 3:00 - MSK 1990 May 6
+ 2:00 - EET 1991
+ 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997
+# See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules.
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Monaco
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's
+# more precise 0:09:21.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
+ 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
+ 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
+ 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Montenegro
+# see Serbia
+
+# Netherlands
+
+# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
+# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time.
+
+# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01):
+# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00
+# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including
+# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time
+# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the
+# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was
+# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law.
+# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and
+# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd").
+#
+# (2001-04-08):
+# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to
+# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common
+# practice of following Amsterdam mean time.
+#
+# (2001-04-09):
+# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the
+# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe
+# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was
+# actually followed.
+#
+# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to
+# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of
+# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most
+# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically
+# adopted Amsterdam mean time.
+#
+# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety
+# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it
+# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe
+# Amsterdam mean time.
+
+# The data before 1945 are taken from
+# <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm>.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time
+Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time
+Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT
+Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT
+Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT
+Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
+# From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week
+# in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend.
+Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
+Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
+#
+# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted
+# below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835
+ 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1
+ 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
+ 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Norway
+# http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks &
+# Pottenger.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
+Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1
+ 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
+ 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Svalbard & Jan Mayen
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01):
+# Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and
+# Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the
+# time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared
+# as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan
+# Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From
+# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html and
+# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html). The law/regulation
+# for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came
+# into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a
+# part of this law since 1925/1930. (From
+# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html ) I have not been
+# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100)
+# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabitated" since 1921 by
+# Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever
+# since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since
+# before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere
+# between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-01):
+#
+# Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II,
+# so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was
+# keeping Berlin time.
+#
+# <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists
+# burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in
+# 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite
+# frequent air ttacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a
+# radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly
+# the UTC offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that
+# Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules.
+#
+# Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an
+# Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says
+# <http://www.bartleby.com/65/sv/Svalbard.html>). The Svalbard FAQ
+# <http://www.svalbard.com/SvalbardFAQ.html> says that the Germans were
+# expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return,
+# and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954)
+# <http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html>
+# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
+# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
+#
+# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970. Unless we can
+# come up with more definitive info about the timekeeping during the
+# war years it's probably best just do do the following for now:
+Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen
+Link Europe/Oslo Atlantic/Jan_Mayen
+
+# Poland
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
+# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
+# For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski,
+# Torun Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U.,
+# <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1>
+# Thanks to Przemyslaw Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference.
+# He also gives these further references:
+# Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm>
+# Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf>
+Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880
+ 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00
+ 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1922 Jun
+ 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct
+ 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977
+ 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Portugal
+#
+# From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12):
+# Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone
+# (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC.
+#
+# Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve
+# that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring.
+# The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12):
+# IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions
+# at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos.
+# IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00.
+# IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00.
+# Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal
+# harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not
+# done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules.
+# Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 -
+Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman.
+Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman.
+Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer
+Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1942 1945 - Oct Sat>=24 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1943 only - Apr 17 22:00s 2:00 M
+Rule Port 1943 1945 - Aug Sat>=25 22:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M
+Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman.
+# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24;
+# Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett.
+Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884
+ -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time
+ 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+ 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00
+ 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
+ 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT
+Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada
+ -1:54:32 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time
+ -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time
+ -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
+ -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u
+ -1:00 EU AZO%sT
+Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal
+ -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time
+ -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time
+ 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT
+
+# Romania
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07):
+# <a href="http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html">
+# Nine O'clock</a> (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at
+# 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info,
+# assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997,
+# the same year as Bulgaria.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 -
+Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Romania 1979 only - May 27 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Romania 1979 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Romania 1980 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
+Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct
+ 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT
+ 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991
+ 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+# Russia
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
+# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
+# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger,
+# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat
+# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
+#
+# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29):
+# But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow!
+# I do not know why they have decided to make this change;
+# as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching
+# so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch.
+#
+# From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04):
+# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
+# UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
+# The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor
+# (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there.
+#
+# From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30):
+# According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from
+# Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ...
+# still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located.
+#
+# For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from
+# John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07):
+# News--often false--is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was
+# time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with
+# the rest of Russia for two weeks--even soldiers stationed here began
+# enforcing curfew at the wrong time.
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05):
+# There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in
+# UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the
+# SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan
+# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok
+# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are
+# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have
+# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+#
+# Kaliningradskaya oblast'.
+Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
+ 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 Russia EE%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast',
+# Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast',
+# Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
+# Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya,
+# Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya,
+# Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya,
+# Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi,
+# Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast',
+# Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El,
+# Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast',
+# Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug,
+# Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast',
+# Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast',
+# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg,
+# Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast',
+# Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan,
+# Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast',
+# Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast',
+# Yaroslavskaya oblast'
+Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880
+ 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
+ 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct
+ 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD
+#
+# Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast',
+# Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400
+# but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the
+# others? But we have no data.
+Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
+ 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time
+ 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
+ 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11
+ 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T
+ 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia VOL%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika
+Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
+ 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27
+ 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev
+ 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
+ 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
+ 4:00 Russia SAM%sT # Samara Time
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Respublika Bashkortostan, Komi-Permyatskij avtonomnyj okrug,
+# Kurganskaya oblast', Orenburgskaya oblast', Permskaya oblast',
+# Sverdlovskaya oblast', Tyumenskaya oblast',
+# Khanty-Manskijskij avtonomnyj okrug, Chelyabinskaya oblast',
+# Yamalo-Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug.
+Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
+ 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
+ 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 Russia YEK%sT # Yekaterinburg Time
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Respublika Altaj, Altajskij kraj, Omskaya oblast'.
+Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14
+ 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk TIme
+ 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia OMS%sT
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's
+# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6.
+# Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'.
+Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
+ 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
+ 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
+ 6:00 Russia NOV%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Kemerovskaya oblast', Krasnoyarskij kraj,
+# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug,
+# Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug.
+Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
+ 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
+ 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia KRA%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Respublika Buryatiya, Irkutskaya oblast',
+# Ust'-Ordynskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug.
+Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880
+ 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
+ 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
+ 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 8:00 Russia IRK%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
+# Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug, Amurskaya oblast',
+# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya), Chitinskaya oblast'.
+# The Sakha districts are: Aldanskij, Amginskij, Anabarskij,
+# Bulunskij, Verkhnekolymskij, Verkhnevilyujskij, Vilyujskij, Gornyj,
+# Zhiganskij, Kobyajskij, Lenskij, Megino-Kangalasskij, Mirninskij,
+# Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenekskij, Olekminskij, Srednekolymskij,
+# Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij,
+# Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij.
+Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
+ 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
+ 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 9:00 Russia YAK%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
+# Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj,
+# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
+# The Sakha districts are: Verkhoyanskij, Tomponskij, Ust'-Majskij,
+# Ust'-Yanskij.
+Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
+ 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
+ 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 9:00 Russia VLA%sST 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia VLA%sT
+#
+# Sakhalinskaya oblast'.
+# The Zone name should be Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
+Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23
+ 9:00 - CJT 1938
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25
+ 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T.
+ 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia SAK%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
+# Magadanskaya oblast', Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
+# Probably also: Kuril Islands.
+# The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Momskij,
+# Nizhnekolymskij, Ojmyakonskij.
+Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
+ 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia MAG%sT
+#
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
+# Kamchatskaya oblast', Koryakskij avtonomnyj okrug.
+#
+# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long.
+Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10
+ 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time
+ 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 12:00 Russia PET%sT
+#
+# Chukotskij avtonomnyj okrug
+Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2
+ 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time
+ 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s
+ 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 12:00 Russia ANA%sT
+
+# Serbia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884
+ 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s
+ 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s
+# Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of
+# transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time.
+# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj.
+ 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia
+Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro
+Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina
+Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia
+Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia
+
+# Slovakia
+Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava
+
+# Slovenia
+# see Serbia
+
+# Spain
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S
+# Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer
+Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M
+Rule Spain 1943 only - Oct 3 22:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1944 only - Oct 10 22:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1945 only - Sep 30 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1946 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
+Rule Spain 1949 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1949 only - Sep 30 1:00 0 -
+Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 -
+Rule Spain 1976 only - Mar 27 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1976 1977 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
+Rule Spain 1977 1978 - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S
+Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
+# The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978.
+Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S
+Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule SpainAfrica 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule SpainAfrica 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
+Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s
+ 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30
+ 1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901
+ 0:00 - WET 1918 May 6 23:00
+ 0:00 1:00 WEST 1918 Oct 7 23:00
+ 0:00 - WET 1924
+ 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1929
+ 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
+ 1:00 - CET 1986
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
+ -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time
+ 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s
+ 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT
+# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u.
+# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU.
+
+# Sweden
+
+# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger:
+#
+# The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
+# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
+# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at
+# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
+# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31.
+#
+# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30"
+# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the
+# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
+#
+# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk
+# forfattningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning
+# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at
+# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English
+# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west
+# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated
+# 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time
+# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT.
+#
+# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk forfattningssamling 1916, no 124") states
+# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is
+# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00....
+# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later".
+#
+# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish
+# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are
+# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available
+# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type
+# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
+# the Sok-button).
+#
+# (2001-05-13):
+#
+# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00
+# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show
+# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some
+# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already
+# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another
+# hour before the event took place.
+#
+# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1
+ 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time
+ 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00
+ 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00
+ 1:00 - CET 1980
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Switzerland
+# From Howse:
+# By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace
+# and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep
+# mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 ....
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# From Whitman (who writes ``Midnight?''):
+Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12
+ 0:29:44 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
+ 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981
+ 1:00 EU CE%sT
+
+# Turkey
+
+# From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03):
+# The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now.
+# ... The latest rules are available at -
+# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03):
+# I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that
+# DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure
+# what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001:
+# http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm
+# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT
+# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM
+# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/10/99X10X26.HTM#%2016
+# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2000/03/00X03X06.HTM#%2021
+# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2001/03/23x03x01.HTM#%2027
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-03):
+# Prefer the above source to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1990.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09):
+# Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC
+# start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07):
+# http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp
+# The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...:
+# http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm
+# I was able to locate the following seemingly official document
+# (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006:
+# http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
+# Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1991 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Turkey 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880
+ 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time?
+ 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15
+ 3:00 Turkey TR%sT 1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time
+ 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents.
+
+# Ukraine
+#
+# From Igor Karpov, who works for the Ukranian Ministry of Justice,
+# via Garrett Wollman (2003-01-27):
+# BTW, I've found the official document on this matter. It's goverment
+# regulations number 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says:
+# "Time in Ukraine is set to second timezone (Kiev time). Each last Sunday
+# of March at 3am the time is changing to 4am and each last Sunday of
+# October the time at 4am is changing to 3am"
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev.
+Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880
+ 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time
+ 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
+ 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
+ 2:00 - EET 1992
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+# Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991.
+Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct
+ 1:00 - CET 1940
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct
+ 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26
+ 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
+ 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
+ 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00
+ 2:00 - EET 1992
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+# Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991.
+# Zaporozh'ye has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
+Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880
+ 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T
+ 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997.
+Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880
+ 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T
+ 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
+ 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov
+ 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
+ 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00
+ 2:00 - EET 1992
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched
+# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections.
+# Shanks (1999) says ``date of change uncertain'', but implies that it happened
+# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say
+# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it
+# changed in May.
+ 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May
+# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev.
+ 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s
+ 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST.
+# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks.
+ 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997
+ 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u
+ 2:00 EU EE%sT
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
+# the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986.
+# The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else.
+#
+# According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but
+# uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules.
+# Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at
+# 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey
+# switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time
+# and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST)
+
+# ...
+# Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100
+# From: Tom Hofmann
+# ...
+#
+# ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when
+# most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only
+# a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according
+# to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on
+# 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following
+# years...
+# But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions
+# than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST
+# one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep
+# lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now.
+#
+# Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the
+# Soviet Union (as far as I know).
+#
+# Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG,
+# 4002 Basle, Switzerland
+# ...
+
+# ...
+# Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100
+# From: Dik T. Winter
+# ...
+#
+# The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct.
+# After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information
+# about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969.
+#
+# ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on
+# first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September...
+# In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that
+# the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982
+# the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in
+# the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch
+# dates...
+#
+# It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g.
+# Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST...
+# Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not
+# all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations
+# occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always
+# assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the
+# case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours
+# in advance of normal time.
+#
+# ...
+# dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland
+# ...
+
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# ...
+# Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates).
+# Since 1978. Change at midnight.
+# ...
+# Monaco: has same DST as France.
+# ...
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)factory 8.1
+
+# For companies who don't want to put time zone specification in
+# their installation procedures. When users run date, they'll get the message.
+# Also useful for the "comp.sources" version.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT
+Zone Factory 0 - "Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page"
--- /dev/null
+#
+
+/*LINTLIBRARY*/
+
+#include "stdio.h"
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ialloc.c 7.14";
+#endif /* !NOID */
+#endif /* !lint */
+
+#ifndef alloc_t
+#define alloc_t unsigned
+#endif /* !alloc_t */
+
+#ifdef MAL
+#define NULLMAL(x) ((x) == NULL || (x) == MAL)
+#else /* !MAL */
+#define NULLMAL(x) ((x) == NULL)
+#endif /* !MAL */
+
+extern char * calloc();
+extern char * malloc();
+extern char * realloc();
+extern char * strcpy();
+
+char *
+imalloc(n)
+{
+#ifdef MAL
+ register char * result;
+
+ if (n == 0)
+ n = 1;
+ result = malloc((alloc_t) n);
+ return (result == MAL) ? NULL : result;
+#else /* !MAL */
+ if (n == 0)
+ n = 1;
+ return malloc((alloc_t) n);
+#endif /* !MAL */
+}
+
+char *
+icalloc(nelem, elsize)
+{
+ if (nelem == 0 || elsize == 0)
+ nelem = elsize = 1;
+ return calloc((alloc_t) nelem, (alloc_t) elsize);
+}
+
+char *
+irealloc(pointer, size)
+char * pointer;
+{
+ if (NULLMAL(pointer))
+ return imalloc(size);
+ if (size == 0)
+ size = 1;
+ return realloc(pointer, (alloc_t) size);
+}
+
+char *
+icatalloc(old, new)
+char * old;
+char * new;
+{
+ register char * result;
+ register oldsize, newsize;
+
+ oldsize = NULLMAL(old) ? 0 : strlen(old);
+ newsize = NULLMAL(new) ? 0 : strlen(new);
+ if ((result = irealloc(old, oldsize + newsize + 1)) != NULL)
+ if (!NULLMAL(new))
+ (void) strcpy(result + oldsize, new);
+ return result;
+}
+
+char *
+icpyalloc(string)
+char * string;
+{
+ return icatalloc((char *) NULL, string);
+}
+
+ifree(p)
+char * p;
+{
+ if (!NULLMAL(p))
+ free(p);
+}
+
+icfree(p)
+char * p;
+{
+ if (!NULLMAL(p))
+ free(p);
+}
--- /dev/null
+# ISO 3166 alpha-2 country codes
+#
+# @(#)iso3166.tab 8.4
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-09-27):
+#
+# This file contains a table with the following columns:
+# 1. ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, current as of
+# ISO 3166-1 Newsletter No. V-12 (2006-09-26). See:
+# <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html">
+# ISO 3166 Maintenance agency (ISO 3166/MA)
+# </a>.
+# 2. The usual English name for the country,
+# chosen so that alphabetic sorting of subsets produces helpful lists.
+# This is not the same as the English name in the ISO 3166 tables.
+#
+# Columns are separated by a single tab.
+# The table is sorted by country code.
+#
+# Lines beginning with `#' are comments.
+#
+#country-
+#code country name
+AD Andorra
+AE United Arab Emirates
+AF Afghanistan
+AG Antigua & Barbuda
+AI Anguilla
+AL Albania
+AM Armenia
+AN Netherlands Antilles
+AO Angola
+AQ Antarctica
+AR Argentina
+AS Samoa (American)
+AT Austria
+AU Australia
+AW Aruba
+AX Aaland Islands
+AZ Azerbaijan
+BA Bosnia & Herzegovina
+BB Barbados
+BD Bangladesh
+BE Belgium
+BF Burkina Faso
+BG Bulgaria
+BH Bahrain
+BI Burundi
+BJ Benin
+BM Bermuda
+BN Brunei
+BO Bolivia
+BR Brazil
+BS Bahamas
+BT Bhutan
+BV Bouvet Island
+BW Botswana
+BY Belarus
+BZ Belize
+CA Canada
+CC Cocos (Keeling) Islands
+CD Congo (Dem. Rep.)
+CF Central African Rep.
+CG Congo (Rep.)
+CH Switzerland
+CI Cote d'Ivoire
+CK Cook Islands
+CL Chile
+CM Cameroon
+CN China
+CO Colombia
+CR Costa Rica
+CU Cuba
+CV Cape Verde
+CX Christmas Island
+CY Cyprus
+CZ Czech Republic
+DE Germany
+DJ Djibouti
+DK Denmark
+DM Dominica
+DO Dominican Republic
+DZ Algeria
+EC Ecuador
+EE Estonia
+EG Egypt
+EH Western Sahara
+ER Eritrea
+ES Spain
+ET Ethiopia
+FI Finland
+FJ Fiji
+FK Falkland Islands
+FM Micronesia
+FO Faroe Islands
+FR France
+GA Gabon
+GB Britain (UK)
+GD Grenada
+GE Georgia
+GF French Guiana
+GG Guernsey
+GH Ghana
+GI Gibraltar
+GL Greenland
+GM Gambia
+GN Guinea
+GP Guadeloupe
+GQ Equatorial Guinea
+GR Greece
+GS South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands
+GT Guatemala
+GU Guam
+GW Guinea-Bissau
+GY Guyana
+HK Hong Kong
+HM Heard Island & McDonald Islands
+HN Honduras
+HR Croatia
+HT Haiti
+HU Hungary
+ID Indonesia
+IE Ireland
+IL Israel
+IM Isle of Man
+IN India
+IO British Indian Ocean Territory
+IQ Iraq
+IR Iran
+IS Iceland
+IT Italy
+JE Jersey
+JM Jamaica
+JO Jordan
+JP Japan
+KE Kenya
+KG Kyrgyzstan
+KH Cambodia
+KI Kiribati
+KM Comoros
+KN St Kitts & Nevis
+KP Korea (North)
+KR Korea (South)
+KW Kuwait
+KY Cayman Islands
+KZ Kazakhstan
+LA Laos
+LB Lebanon
+LC St Lucia
+LI Liechtenstein
+LK Sri Lanka
+LR Liberia
+LS Lesotho
+LT Lithuania
+LU Luxembourg
+LV Latvia
+LY Libya
+MA Morocco
+MC Monaco
+MD Moldova
+ME Montenegro
+MG Madagascar
+MH Marshall Islands
+MK Macedonia
+ML Mali
+MM Myanmar (Burma)
+MN Mongolia
+MO Macau
+MP Northern Mariana Islands
+MQ Martinique
+MR Mauritania
+MS Montserrat
+MT Malta
+MU Mauritius
+MV Maldives
+MW Malawi
+MX Mexico
+MY Malaysia
+MZ Mozambique
+NA Namibia
+NC New Caledonia
+NE Niger
+NF Norfolk Island
+NG Nigeria
+NI Nicaragua
+NL Netherlands
+NO Norway
+NP Nepal
+NR Nauru
+NU Niue
+NZ New Zealand
+OM Oman
+PA Panama
+PE Peru
+PF French Polynesia
+PG Papua New Guinea
+PH Philippines
+PK Pakistan
+PL Poland
+PM St Pierre & Miquelon
+PN Pitcairn
+PR Puerto Rico
+PS Palestine
+PT Portugal
+PW Palau
+PY Paraguay
+QA Qatar
+RE Reunion
+RO Romania
+RS Serbia
+RU Russia
+RW Rwanda
+SA Saudi Arabia
+SB Solomon Islands
+SC Seychelles
+SD Sudan
+SE Sweden
+SG Singapore
+SH St Helena
+SI Slovenia
+SJ Svalbard & Jan Mayen
+SK Slovakia
+SL Sierra Leone
+SM San Marino
+SN Senegal
+SO Somalia
+SR Suriname
+ST Sao Tome & Principe
+SV El Salvador
+SY Syria
+SZ Swaziland
+TC Turks & Caicos Is
+TD Chad
+TF French Southern & Antarctic Lands
+TG Togo
+TH Thailand
+TJ Tajikistan
+TK Tokelau
+TL East Timor
+TM Turkmenistan
+TN Tunisia
+TO Tonga
+TR Turkey
+TT Trinidad & Tobago
+TV Tuvalu
+TW Taiwan
+TZ Tanzania
+UA Ukraine
+UG Uganda
+UM US minor outlying islands
+US United States
+UY Uruguay
+UZ Uzbekistan
+VA Vatican City
+VC St Vincent
+VE Venezuela
+VG Virgin Islands (UK)
+VI Virgin Islands (US)
+VN Vietnam
+VU Vanuatu
+WF Wallis & Futuna
+WS Samoa (western)
+YE Yemen
+YT Mayotte
+ZA South Africa
+ZM Zambia
+ZW Zimbabwe
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)leapseconds 8.3
+
+# Allowance for leapseconds added to each timezone file.
+
+# The International Earth Rotation Service periodically uses leap seconds
+# to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1
+# (which measures the true angular orientation of the earth in space); see
+# Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,
+# Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905.
+# There were no leap seconds before 1972, because the official mechanism
+# accounting for the discrepancy between atomic time and the earth's rotation
+# did not exist until the early 1970s.
+
+# The correction (+ or -) is made at the given time, so lines
+# will typically look like:
+# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:60 + R/S
+# or
+# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:59 - R/S
+
+# If the leapsecond is Rolling (R) the given time is local time
+# If the leapsecond is Stationary (S) the given time is UTC
+
+# Leap YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS CORR R/S
+Leap 1972 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1972 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1973 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1974 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1975 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1976 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1977 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1978 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1979 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1981 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1982 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1983 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1985 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1987 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1989 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1990 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1992 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1993 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1994 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1995 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1997 Jun 30 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 1998 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+Leap 2005 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+
+# ...
+# Sent: Thursday, February 01, 2007 9:49 AM
+# ...
+# Subject: Bulletin C number 33
+#
+# INTERNATIONAL EARTH ROTATION AND REFERENCE SYSTEMS SERVICE (IERS)
+#
+# SERVICE INTERNATIONAL DE LA ROTATION TERRESTRE ET DES SYSTEMES DE REFERENCE
+#
+# SERVICE DE LA ROTATION TERRESTRE
+# OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS
+# 61, Av. de l'Observatoire 75014 PARIS (France)
+# ...
+#
+# Paris, 1 February 2007
+# Bulletin C 33
+# To authorities responsible
+# for the measurement and
+# distribution of time
+#
+# INFORMATION ON UTC - TAI
+#
+# NO positive leap second will be introduced at the end of June 2007.
+# The difference between Coordinated Universal Time UTC and the
+# International Atomic Time TAI is:
+# from 2006 January 1, 0h UTC, until further notice : UTC-TAI = -33 s
+# Leap seconds can be introduced in UTC at the end of the months of
+# December or June, depending on the evolution of UT1-TAI. Bulletin C is
+# mailed every six months, either to announce a time step in UTC, or to
+# confirm that there will be no time step at the next possible date.
+#
+# Daniel GAMBIS
+# Director
+# Earth Orientation Center of IERS
+# Observatoire de Paris, France
--- /dev/null
+/*
+** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+** 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
+*/
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)localtime.c 7.99";
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+/*
+** Leap second handling from Bradley White.
+** POSIX-style TZ environment variable handling from Guy Harris.
+*/
+
+/*LINTLIBRARY*/
+
+#include "private.h"
+#include "tzfile.h"
+#include "fcntl.h"
+#include "float.h" /* for FLT_MAX and DBL_MAX */
+
+#ifndef TZ_ABBR_MAX_LEN
+#define TZ_ABBR_MAX_LEN 16
+#endif /* !defined TZ_ABBR_MAX_LEN */
+
+#ifndef TZ_ABBR_CHAR_SET
+#define TZ_ABBR_CHAR_SET \
+ "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 :+-._"
+#endif /* !defined TZ_ABBR_CHAR_SET */
+
+#ifndef TZ_ABBR_ERR_CHAR
+#define TZ_ABBR_ERR_CHAR '_'
+#endif /* !defined TZ_ABBR_ERR_CHAR */
+
+/*
+** SunOS 4.1.1 headers lack O_BINARY.
+*/
+
+#ifdef O_BINARY
+#define OPEN_MODE (O_RDONLY | O_BINARY)
+#endif /* defined O_BINARY */
+#ifndef O_BINARY
+#define OPEN_MODE O_RDONLY
+#endif /* !defined O_BINARY */
+
+#ifndef WILDABBR
+/*
+** Someone might make incorrect use of a time zone abbreviation:
+** 1. They might reference tzname[0] before calling tzset (explicitly
+** or implicitly).
+** 2. They might reference tzname[1] before calling tzset (explicitly
+** or implicitly).
+** 3. They might reference tzname[1] after setting to a time zone
+** in which Daylight Saving Time is never observed.
+** 4. They might reference tzname[0] after setting to a time zone
+** in which Standard Time is never observed.
+** 5. They might reference tm.TM_ZONE after calling offtime.
+** What's best to do in the above cases is open to debate;
+** for now, we just set things up so that in any of the five cases
+** WILDABBR is used. Another possibility: initialize tzname[0] to the
+** string "tzname[0] used before set", and similarly for the other cases.
+** And another: initialize tzname[0] to "ERA", with an explanation in the
+** manual page of what this "time zone abbreviation" means (doing this so
+** that tzname[0] has the "normal" length of three characters).
+*/
+#define WILDABBR " "
+#endif /* !defined WILDABBR */
+
+static char wildabbr[] = WILDABBR;
+
+static const char gmt[] = "GMT";
+
+/*
+** The DST rules to use if TZ has no rules and we can't load TZDEFRULES.
+** We default to US rules as of 1999-08-17.
+** POSIX 1003.1 section 8.1.1 says that the default DST rules are
+** implementation dependent; for historical reasons, US rules are a
+** common default.
+*/
+#ifndef TZDEFRULESTRING
+#define TZDEFRULESTRING ",M4.1.0,M10.5.0"
+#endif /* !defined TZDEFDST */
+
+struct ttinfo { /* time type information */
+ long tt_gmtoff; /* UTC offset in seconds */
+ int tt_isdst; /* used to set tm_isdst */
+ int tt_abbrind; /* abbreviation list index */
+ int tt_ttisstd; /* TRUE if transition is std time */
+ int tt_ttisgmt; /* TRUE if transition is UTC */
+};
+
+struct lsinfo { /* leap second information */
+ time_t ls_trans; /* transition time */
+ long ls_corr; /* correction to apply */
+};
+
+#define BIGGEST(a, b) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
+
+#ifdef TZNAME_MAX
+#define MY_TZNAME_MAX TZNAME_MAX
+#endif /* defined TZNAME_MAX */
+#ifndef TZNAME_MAX
+#define MY_TZNAME_MAX 255
+#endif /* !defined TZNAME_MAX */
+
+struct state {
+ int leapcnt;
+ int timecnt;
+ int typecnt;
+ int charcnt;
+ time_t ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+ unsigned char types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+ struct ttinfo ttis[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+ char chars[BIGGEST(BIGGEST(TZ_MAX_CHARS + 1, sizeof gmt),
+ (2 * (MY_TZNAME_MAX + 1)))];
+ struct lsinfo lsis[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
+};
+
+struct rule {
+ int r_type; /* type of rule--see below */
+ int r_day; /* day number of rule */
+ int r_week; /* week number of rule */
+ int r_mon; /* month number of rule */
+ long r_time; /* transition time of rule */
+};
+
+#define JULIAN_DAY 0 /* Jn - Julian day */
+#define DAY_OF_YEAR 1 /* n - day of year */
+#define MONTH_NTH_DAY_OF_WEEK 2 /* Mm.n.d - month, week, day of week */
+
+/*
+** Prototypes for static functions.
+*/
+
+static long detzcode P((const char * codep));
+static const char * getzname P((const char * strp));
+static const char * getqzname P((const char * strp, const char delim));
+static const char * getnum P((const char * strp, int * nump, int min,
+ int max));
+static const char * getsecs P((const char * strp, long * secsp));
+static const char * getoffset P((const char * strp, long * offsetp));
+static const char * getrule P((const char * strp, struct rule * rulep));
+static void gmtload P((struct state * sp));
+static struct tm * gmtsub P((const time_t * timep, long offset,
+ struct tm * tmp));
+static struct tm * localsub P((const time_t * timep, long offset,
+ struct tm * tmp));
+static int increment_overflow P((int * number, int delta));
+static int leaps_thru_end_of P((int y));
+static int long_increment_overflow P((long * number, int delta));
+static int long_normalize_overflow P((long * tensptr,
+ int * unitsptr, int base));
+static int normalize_overflow P((int * tensptr, int * unitsptr,
+ int base));
+static void settzname P((void));
+static time_t time1 P((struct tm * tmp,
+ struct tm * (*funcp) P((const time_t *,
+ long, struct tm *)),
+ long offset));
+static time_t time2 P((struct tm *tmp,
+ struct tm * (*funcp) P((const time_t *,
+ long, struct tm*)),
+ long offset, int * okayp));
+static time_t time2sub P((struct tm *tmp,
+ struct tm * (*funcp) P((const time_t *,
+ long, struct tm*)),
+ long offset, int * okayp, int do_norm_secs));
+static struct tm * timesub P((const time_t * timep, long offset,
+ const struct state * sp, struct tm * tmp));
+static int tmcomp P((const struct tm * atmp,
+ const struct tm * btmp));
+static time_t transtime P((time_t janfirst, int year,
+ const struct rule * rulep, long offset));
+static int tzload P((const char * name, struct state * sp));
+static int tzparse P((const char * name, struct state * sp,
+ int lastditch));
+
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+static struct state * lclptr;
+static struct state * gmtptr;
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+
+#ifndef ALL_STATE
+static struct state lclmem;
+static struct state gmtmem;
+#define lclptr (&lclmem)
+#define gmtptr (&gmtmem)
+#endif /* State Farm */
+
+#ifndef TZ_STRLEN_MAX
+#define TZ_STRLEN_MAX 255
+#endif /* !defined TZ_STRLEN_MAX */
+
+static char lcl_TZname[TZ_STRLEN_MAX + 1];
+static int lcl_is_set;
+static int gmt_is_set;
+
+char * tzname[2] = {
+ wildabbr,
+ wildabbr
+};
+
+/*
+** Section 4.12.3 of X3.159-1989 requires that
+** Except for the strftime function, these functions [asctime,
+** ctime, gmtime, localtime] return values in one of two static
+** objects: a broken-down time structure and an array of char.
+** Thanks to Paul Eggert for noting this.
+*/
+
+static struct tm tm;
+
+#ifdef USG_COMPAT
+time_t timezone = 0;
+int daylight = 0;
+#endif /* defined USG_COMPAT */
+
+#ifdef ALTZONE
+time_t altzone = 0;
+#endif /* defined ALTZONE */
+
+static long
+detzcode(codep)
+const char * const codep;
+{
+ register long result;
+ register int i;
+
+ result = (codep[0] & 0x80) ? ~0L : 0L;
+ for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+ result = (result << 8) | (codep[i] & 0xff);
+ return result;
+}
+
+static void
+settzname P((void))
+{
+ register struct state * const sp = lclptr;
+ register int i;
+
+ tzname[0] = wildabbr;
+ tzname[1] = wildabbr;
+#ifdef USG_COMPAT
+ daylight = 0;
+ timezone = 0;
+#endif /* defined USG_COMPAT */
+#ifdef ALTZONE
+ altzone = 0;
+#endif /* defined ALTZONE */
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (sp == NULL) {
+ tzname[0] = tzname[1] = gmt;
+ return;
+ }
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i) {
+ register const struct ttinfo * const ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+
+ tzname[ttisp->tt_isdst] =
+ &sp->chars[ttisp->tt_abbrind];
+#ifdef USG_COMPAT
+ if (ttisp->tt_isdst)
+ daylight = 1;
+ if (i == 0 || !ttisp->tt_isdst)
+ timezone = -(ttisp->tt_gmtoff);
+#endif /* defined USG_COMPAT */
+#ifdef ALTZONE
+ if (i == 0 || ttisp->tt_isdst)
+ altzone = -(ttisp->tt_gmtoff);
+#endif /* defined ALTZONE */
+ }
+ /*
+ ** And to get the latest zone names into tzname. . .
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
+ register const struct ttinfo * const ttisp =
+ &sp->ttis[
+ sp->types[i]];
+
+ tzname[ttisp->tt_isdst] =
+ &sp->chars[ttisp->tt_abbrind];
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Finally, scrub the abbreviations.
+ ** First, replace bogus characters.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->charcnt; ++i)
+ if (strchr(TZ_ABBR_CHAR_SET, sp->chars[i]) == NULL)
+ sp->chars[i] = TZ_ABBR_ERR_CHAR;
+ /*
+ ** Second, truncate long abbreviations.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i) {
+ register const struct ttinfo * const ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+ register char * cp = &sp->chars[ttisp->tt_abbrind];
+
+ if (strlen(cp) > TZ_ABBR_MAX_LEN &&
+ strcmp(cp, GRANDPARENTED) != 0)
+ *(cp + TZ_ABBR_MAX_LEN) = '\0';
+ }
+}
+
+static int
+tzload(name, sp)
+register const char * name;
+register struct state * const sp;
+{
+ register const char * p;
+ register int i;
+ register int fid;
+
+ if (name == NULL && (name = TZDEFAULT) == NULL)
+ return -1;
+ {
+ register int doaccess;
+ /*
+ ** Section 4.9.1 of the C standard says that
+ ** "FILENAME_MAX expands to an integral constant expression
+ ** that is the size needed for an array of char large enough
+ ** to hold the longest file name string that the implementation
+ ** guarantees can be opened."
+ */
+ char fullname[FILENAME_MAX + 1];
+
+ if (name[0] == ':')
+ ++name;
+ doaccess = name[0] == '/';
+ if (!doaccess) {
+ if ((p = TZDIR) == NULL)
+ return -1;
+ if ((strlen(p) + strlen(name) + 1) >= sizeof fullname)
+ return -1;
+ (void) strcpy(fullname, p);
+ (void) strcat(fullname, "/");
+ (void) strcat(fullname, name);
+ /*
+ ** Set doaccess if '.' (as in "../") shows up in name.
+ */
+ if (strchr(name, '.') != NULL)
+ doaccess = TRUE;
+ name = fullname;
+ }
+ if (doaccess && access(name, R_OK) != 0)
+ return -1;
+ if ((fid = open(name, OPEN_MODE)) == -1)
+ return -1;
+ }
+ {
+ struct tzhead * tzhp;
+ union {
+ struct tzhead tzhead;
+ char buf[sizeof *sp + sizeof *tzhp];
+ } u;
+ int ttisstdcnt;
+ int ttisgmtcnt;
+
+ i = read(fid, u.buf, sizeof u.buf);
+ if (close(fid) != 0)
+ return -1;
+ ttisstdcnt = (int) detzcode(u.tzhead.tzh_ttisstdcnt);
+ ttisgmtcnt = (int) detzcode(u.tzhead.tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
+ sp->leapcnt = (int) detzcode(u.tzhead.tzh_leapcnt);
+ sp->timecnt = (int) detzcode(u.tzhead.tzh_timecnt);
+ sp->typecnt = (int) detzcode(u.tzhead.tzh_typecnt);
+ sp->charcnt = (int) detzcode(u.tzhead.tzh_charcnt);
+ p = u.tzhead.tzh_charcnt + sizeof u.tzhead.tzh_charcnt;
+ if (sp->leapcnt < 0 || sp->leapcnt > TZ_MAX_LEAPS ||
+ sp->typecnt <= 0 || sp->typecnt > TZ_MAX_TYPES ||
+ sp->timecnt < 0 || sp->timecnt > TZ_MAX_TIMES ||
+ sp->charcnt < 0 || sp->charcnt > TZ_MAX_CHARS ||
+ (ttisstdcnt != sp->typecnt && ttisstdcnt != 0) ||
+ (ttisgmtcnt != sp->typecnt && ttisgmtcnt != 0))
+ return -1;
+ if (i - (p - u.buf) < sp->timecnt * 4 + /* ats */
+ sp->timecnt + /* types */
+ sp->typecnt * (4 + 2) + /* ttinfos */
+ sp->charcnt + /* chars */
+ sp->leapcnt * (4 + 4) + /* lsinfos */
+ ttisstdcnt + /* ttisstds */
+ ttisgmtcnt) /* ttisgmts */
+ return -1;
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
+ sp->ats[i] = detzcode(p);
+ p += 4;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
+ sp->types[i] = (unsigned char) *p++;
+ if (sp->types[i] >= sp->typecnt)
+ return -1;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i) {
+ register struct ttinfo * ttisp;
+
+ ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+ ttisp->tt_gmtoff = detzcode(p);
+ p += 4;
+ ttisp->tt_isdst = (unsigned char) *p++;
+ if (ttisp->tt_isdst != 0 && ttisp->tt_isdst != 1)
+ return -1;
+ ttisp->tt_abbrind = (unsigned char) *p++;
+ if (ttisp->tt_abbrind < 0 ||
+ ttisp->tt_abbrind > sp->charcnt)
+ return -1;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->charcnt; ++i)
+ sp->chars[i] = *p++;
+ sp->chars[i] = '\0'; /* ensure '\0' at end */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->leapcnt; ++i) {
+ register struct lsinfo * lsisp;
+
+ lsisp = &sp->lsis[i];
+ lsisp->ls_trans = detzcode(p);
+ p += 4;
+ lsisp->ls_corr = detzcode(p);
+ p += 4;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i) {
+ register struct ttinfo * ttisp;
+
+ ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+ if (ttisstdcnt == 0)
+ ttisp->tt_ttisstd = FALSE;
+ else {
+ ttisp->tt_ttisstd = *p++;
+ if (ttisp->tt_ttisstd != TRUE &&
+ ttisp->tt_ttisstd != FALSE)
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i) {
+ register struct ttinfo * ttisp;
+
+ ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+ if (ttisgmtcnt == 0)
+ ttisp->tt_ttisgmt = FALSE;
+ else {
+ ttisp->tt_ttisgmt = *p++;
+ if (ttisp->tt_ttisgmt != TRUE &&
+ ttisp->tt_ttisgmt != FALSE)
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Out-of-sort ats should mean we're running on a
+ ** signed time_t system but using a data file with
+ ** unsigned values (or vice versa).
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt - 2; ++i)
+ if (sp->ats[i] > sp->ats[i + 1]) {
+ ++i;
+ if (TYPE_SIGNED(time_t)) {
+ /*
+ ** Ignore the end (easy).
+ */
+ sp->timecnt = i;
+ } else {
+ /*
+ ** Ignore the beginning (harder).
+ */
+ register int j;
+
+ for (j = 0; j + i < sp->timecnt; ++j) {
+ sp->ats[j] = sp->ats[j + i];
+ sp->types[j] = sp->types[j + i];
+ }
+ sp->timecnt = j;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static const int mon_lengths[2][MONSPERYEAR] = {
+ { 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 },
+ { 31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 }
+};
+
+static const int year_lengths[2] = {
+ DAYSPERNYEAR, DAYSPERLYEAR
+};
+
+/*
+** Given a pointer into a time zone string, scan until a character that is not
+** a valid character in a zone name is found. Return a pointer to that
+** character.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+getzname(strp)
+register const char * strp;
+{
+ register char c;
+
+ while ((c = *strp) != '\0' && !is_digit(c) && c != ',' && c != '-' &&
+ c != '+')
+ ++strp;
+ return strp;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a pointer into an extended time zone string, scan until the ending
+** delimiter of the zone name is located. Return a pointer to the delimiter.
+**
+** As with getzname above, the legal character set is actually quite
+** restricted, with other characters producing undefined results.
+** We choose not to care - allowing almost anything to be in the zone abbrev.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+#if __STDC__
+getqzname(register const char *strp, const char delim)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+getqzname(strp, delim)
+register const char * strp;
+const char delim;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ register char c;
+
+ while ((c = *strp) != '\0' && c != delim)
+ ++strp;
+ return strp;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract a number from that string.
+** Check that the number is within a specified range; if it is not, return
+** NULL.
+** Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the number.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+getnum(strp, nump, min, max)
+register const char * strp;
+int * const nump;
+const int min;
+const int max;
+{
+ register char c;
+ register int num;
+
+ if (strp == NULL || !is_digit(c = *strp))
+ return NULL;
+ num = 0;
+ do {
+ num = num * 10 + (c - '0');
+ if (num > max)
+ return NULL; /* illegal value */
+ c = *++strp;
+ } while (is_digit(c));
+ if (num < min)
+ return NULL; /* illegal value */
+ *nump = num;
+ return strp;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract a number of seconds,
+** in hh[:mm[:ss]] form, from the string.
+** If any error occurs, return NULL.
+** Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the number
+** of seconds.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+getsecs(strp, secsp)
+register const char * strp;
+long * const secsp;
+{
+ int num;
+
+ /*
+ ** `HOURSPERDAY * DAYSPERWEEK - 1' allows quasi-Posix rules like
+ ** "M10.4.6/26", which does not conform to Posix,
+ ** but which specifies the equivalent of
+ ** ``02:00 on the first Sunday on or after 23 Oct''.
+ */
+ strp = getnum(strp, &num, 0, HOURSPERDAY * DAYSPERWEEK - 1);
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ *secsp = num * (long) SECSPERHOUR;
+ if (*strp == ':') {
+ ++strp;
+ strp = getnum(strp, &num, 0, MINSPERHOUR - 1);
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ *secsp += num * SECSPERMIN;
+ if (*strp == ':') {
+ ++strp;
+ /* `SECSPERMIN' allows for leap seconds. */
+ strp = getnum(strp, &num, 0, SECSPERMIN);
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ *secsp += num;
+ }
+ }
+ return strp;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract an offset, in
+** [+-]hh[:mm[:ss]] form, from the string.
+** If any error occurs, return NULL.
+** Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the time.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+getoffset(strp, offsetp)
+register const char * strp;
+long * const offsetp;
+{
+ register int neg = 0;
+
+ if (*strp == '-') {
+ neg = 1;
+ ++strp;
+ } else if (*strp == '+')
+ ++strp;
+ strp = getsecs(strp, offsetp);
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL; /* illegal time */
+ if (neg)
+ *offsetp = -*offsetp;
+ return strp;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a pointer into a time zone string, extract a rule in the form
+** date[/time]. See POSIX section 8 for the format of "date" and "time".
+** If a valid rule is not found, return NULL.
+** Otherwise, return a pointer to the first character not part of the rule.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+getrule(strp, rulep)
+const char * strp;
+register struct rule * const rulep;
+{
+ if (*strp == 'J') {
+ /*
+ ** Julian day.
+ */
+ rulep->r_type = JULIAN_DAY;
+ ++strp;
+ strp = getnum(strp, &rulep->r_day, 1, DAYSPERNYEAR);
+ } else if (*strp == 'M') {
+ /*
+ ** Month, week, day.
+ */
+ rulep->r_type = MONTH_NTH_DAY_OF_WEEK;
+ ++strp;
+ strp = getnum(strp, &rulep->r_mon, 1, MONSPERYEAR);
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ if (*strp++ != '.')
+ return NULL;
+ strp = getnum(strp, &rulep->r_week, 1, 5);
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ if (*strp++ != '.')
+ return NULL;
+ strp = getnum(strp, &rulep->r_day, 0, DAYSPERWEEK - 1);
+ } else if (is_digit(*strp)) {
+ /*
+ ** Day of year.
+ */
+ rulep->r_type = DAY_OF_YEAR;
+ strp = getnum(strp, &rulep->r_day, 0, DAYSPERLYEAR - 1);
+ } else return NULL; /* invalid format */
+ if (strp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ if (*strp == '/') {
+ /*
+ ** Time specified.
+ */
+ ++strp;
+ strp = getsecs(strp, &rulep->r_time);
+ } else rulep->r_time = 2 * SECSPERHOUR; /* default = 2:00:00 */
+ return strp;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given the Epoch-relative time of January 1, 00:00:00 UTC, in a year, the
+** year, a rule, and the offset from UTC at the time that rule takes effect,
+** calculate the Epoch-relative time that rule takes effect.
+*/
+
+static time_t
+transtime(janfirst, year, rulep, offset)
+const time_t janfirst;
+const int year;
+register const struct rule * const rulep;
+const long offset;
+{
+ register int leapyear;
+ register time_t value;
+ register int i;
+ int d, m1, yy0, yy1, yy2, dow;
+
+ INITIALIZE(value);
+ leapyear = isleap(year);
+ switch (rulep->r_type) {
+
+ case JULIAN_DAY:
+ /*
+ ** Jn - Julian day, 1 == January 1, 60 == March 1 even in leap
+ ** years.
+ ** In non-leap years, or if the day number is 59 or less, just
+ ** add SECSPERDAY times the day number-1 to the time of
+ ** January 1, midnight, to get the day.
+ */
+ value = janfirst + (rulep->r_day - 1) * SECSPERDAY;
+ if (leapyear && rulep->r_day >= 60)
+ value += SECSPERDAY;
+ break;
+
+ case DAY_OF_YEAR:
+ /*
+ ** n - day of year.
+ ** Just add SECSPERDAY times the day number to the time of
+ ** January 1, midnight, to get the day.
+ */
+ value = janfirst + rulep->r_day * SECSPERDAY;
+ break;
+
+ case MONTH_NTH_DAY_OF_WEEK:
+ /*
+ ** Mm.n.d - nth "dth day" of month m.
+ */
+ value = janfirst;
+ for (i = 0; i < rulep->r_mon - 1; ++i)
+ value += mon_lengths[leapyear][i] * SECSPERDAY;
+
+ /*
+ ** Use Zeller's Congruence to get day-of-week of first day of
+ ** month.
+ */
+ m1 = (rulep->r_mon + 9) % 12 + 1;
+ yy0 = (rulep->r_mon <= 2) ? (year - 1) : year;
+ yy1 = yy0 / 100;
+ yy2 = yy0 % 100;
+ dow = ((26 * m1 - 2) / 10 +
+ 1 + yy2 + yy2 / 4 + yy1 / 4 - 2 * yy1) % 7;
+ if (dow < 0)
+ dow += DAYSPERWEEK;
+
+ /*
+ ** "dow" is the day-of-week of the first day of the month. Get
+ ** the day-of-month (zero-origin) of the first "dow" day of the
+ ** month.
+ */
+ d = rulep->r_day - dow;
+ if (d < 0)
+ d += DAYSPERWEEK;
+ for (i = 1; i < rulep->r_week; ++i) {
+ if (d + DAYSPERWEEK >=
+ mon_lengths[leapyear][rulep->r_mon - 1])
+ break;
+ d += DAYSPERWEEK;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ ** "d" is the day-of-month (zero-origin) of the day we want.
+ */
+ value += d * SECSPERDAY;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ ** "value" is the Epoch-relative time of 00:00:00 UTC on the day in
+ ** question. To get the Epoch-relative time of the specified local
+ ** time on that day, add the transition time and the current offset
+ ** from UTC.
+ */
+ return value + rulep->r_time + offset;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a POSIX section 8-style TZ string, fill in the rule tables as
+** appropriate.
+*/
+
+static int
+tzparse(name, sp, lastditch)
+const char * name;
+register struct state * const sp;
+const int lastditch;
+{
+ const char * stdname;
+ const char * dstname;
+ size_t stdlen;
+ size_t dstlen;
+ long stdoffset;
+ long dstoffset;
+ register time_t * atp;
+ register unsigned char * typep;
+ register char * cp;
+ register int load_result;
+
+ INITIALIZE(dstname);
+ stdname = name;
+ if (lastditch) {
+ stdlen = strlen(name); /* length of standard zone name */
+ name += stdlen;
+ if (stdlen >= sizeof sp->chars)
+ stdlen = (sizeof sp->chars) - 1;
+ stdoffset = 0;
+ } else {
+ if (*name == '<') {
+ name++;
+ stdname = name;
+ name = getqzname(name, '>');
+ if (*name != '>')
+ return (-1);
+ stdlen = name - stdname;
+ name++;
+ } else {
+ name = getzname(name);
+ stdlen = name - stdname;
+ }
+ if (*name == '\0')
+ return -1;
+ name = getoffset(name, &stdoffset);
+ if (name == NULL)
+ return -1;
+ }
+ load_result = tzload(TZDEFRULES, sp);
+ if (load_result != 0)
+ sp->leapcnt = 0; /* so, we're off a little */
+ if (*name != '\0') {
+ if (*name == '<') {
+ dstname = ++name;
+ name = getqzname(name, '>');
+ if (*name != '>')
+ return -1;
+ dstlen = name - dstname;
+ name++;
+ } else {
+ dstname = name;
+ name = getzname(name);
+ dstlen = name - dstname; /* length of DST zone name */
+ }
+ if (*name != '\0' && *name != ',' && *name != ';') {
+ name = getoffset(name, &dstoffset);
+ if (name == NULL)
+ return -1;
+ } else dstoffset = stdoffset - SECSPERHOUR;
+ if (*name == '\0' && load_result != 0)
+ name = TZDEFRULESTRING;
+ if (*name == ',' || *name == ';') {
+ struct rule start;
+ struct rule end;
+ register int year;
+ register time_t janfirst;
+ time_t starttime;
+ time_t endtime;
+
+ ++name;
+ if ((name = getrule(name, &start)) == NULL)
+ return -1;
+ if (*name++ != ',')
+ return -1;
+ if ((name = getrule(name, &end)) == NULL)
+ return -1;
+ if (*name != '\0')
+ return -1;
+ sp->typecnt = 2; /* standard time and DST */
+ /*
+ ** Two transitions per year, from EPOCH_YEAR to 2037.
+ */
+ sp->timecnt = 2 * (2037 - EPOCH_YEAR + 1);
+ if (sp->timecnt > TZ_MAX_TIMES)
+ return -1;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -dstoffset;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = 1;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = stdlen + 1;
+ sp->ttis[1].tt_gmtoff = -stdoffset;
+ sp->ttis[1].tt_isdst = 0;
+ sp->ttis[1].tt_abbrind = 0;
+ atp = sp->ats;
+ typep = sp->types;
+ janfirst = 0;
+ for (year = EPOCH_YEAR; year <= 2037; ++year) {
+ starttime = transtime(janfirst, year, &start,
+ stdoffset);
+ endtime = transtime(janfirst, year, &end,
+ dstoffset);
+ if (starttime > endtime) {
+ *atp++ = endtime;
+ *typep++ = 1; /* DST ends */
+ *atp++ = starttime;
+ *typep++ = 0; /* DST begins */
+ } else {
+ *atp++ = starttime;
+ *typep++ = 0; /* DST begins */
+ *atp++ = endtime;
+ *typep++ = 1; /* DST ends */
+ }
+ janfirst += year_lengths[isleap(year)] *
+ SECSPERDAY;
+ }
+ } else {
+ register long theirstdoffset;
+ register long theirdstoffset;
+ register long theiroffset;
+ register int isdst;
+ register int i;
+ register int j;
+
+ if (*name != '\0')
+ return -1;
+ /*
+ ** Initial values of theirstdoffset and theirdstoffset.
+ */
+ theirstdoffset = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
+ j = sp->types[i];
+ if (!sp->ttis[j].tt_isdst) {
+ theirstdoffset =
+ -sp->ttis[j].tt_gmtoff;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ theirdstoffset = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
+ j = sp->types[i];
+ if (sp->ttis[j].tt_isdst) {
+ theirdstoffset =
+ -sp->ttis[j].tt_gmtoff;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Initially we're assumed to be in standard time.
+ */
+ isdst = FALSE;
+ theiroffset = theirstdoffset;
+ /*
+ ** Now juggle transition times and types
+ ** tracking offsets as you do.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
+ j = sp->types[i];
+ sp->types[i] = sp->ttis[j].tt_isdst;
+ if (sp->ttis[j].tt_ttisgmt) {
+ /* No adjustment to transition time */
+ } else {
+ /*
+ ** If summer time is in effect, and the
+ ** transition time was not specified as
+ ** standard time, add the summer time
+ ** offset to the transition time;
+ ** otherwise, add the standard time
+ ** offset to the transition time.
+ */
+ /*
+ ** Transitions from DST to DDST
+ ** will effectively disappear since
+ ** POSIX provides for only one DST
+ ** offset.
+ */
+ if (isdst && !sp->ttis[j].tt_ttisstd) {
+ sp->ats[i] += dstoffset -
+ theirdstoffset;
+ } else {
+ sp->ats[i] += stdoffset -
+ theirstdoffset;
+ }
+ }
+ theiroffset = -sp->ttis[j].tt_gmtoff;
+ if (sp->ttis[j].tt_isdst)
+ theirdstoffset = theiroffset;
+ else theirstdoffset = theiroffset;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Finally, fill in ttis.
+ ** ttisstd and ttisgmt need not be handled.
+ */
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -stdoffset;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = FALSE;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = 0;
+ sp->ttis[1].tt_gmtoff = -dstoffset;
+ sp->ttis[1].tt_isdst = TRUE;
+ sp->ttis[1].tt_abbrind = stdlen + 1;
+ sp->typecnt = 2;
+ }
+ } else {
+ dstlen = 0;
+ sp->typecnt = 1; /* only standard time */
+ sp->timecnt = 0;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = -stdoffset;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_isdst = 0;
+ sp->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = 0;
+ }
+ sp->charcnt = stdlen + 1;
+ if (dstlen != 0)
+ sp->charcnt += dstlen + 1;
+ if ((size_t) sp->charcnt > sizeof sp->chars)
+ return -1;
+ cp = sp->chars;
+ (void) strncpy(cp, stdname, stdlen);
+ cp += stdlen;
+ *cp++ = '\0';
+ if (dstlen != 0) {
+ (void) strncpy(cp, dstname, dstlen);
+ *(cp + dstlen) = '\0';
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+gmtload(sp)
+struct state * const sp;
+{
+ if (tzload(gmt, sp) != 0)
+ (void) tzparse(gmt, sp, TRUE);
+}
+
+#ifndef STD_INSPIRED
+/*
+** A non-static declaration of tzsetwall in a system header file
+** may cause a warning about this upcoming static declaration...
+*/
+static
+#endif /* !defined STD_INSPIRED */
+void
+tzsetwall P((void))
+{
+ if (lcl_is_set < 0)
+ return;
+ lcl_is_set = -1;
+
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (lclptr == NULL) {
+ lclptr = (struct state *) malloc(sizeof *lclptr);
+ if (lclptr == NULL) {
+ settzname(); /* all we can do */
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ if (tzload((char *) NULL, lclptr) != 0)
+ gmtload(lclptr);
+ settzname();
+}
+
+void
+tzset P((void))
+{
+ register const char * name;
+
+ name = getenv("TZ");
+ if (name == NULL) {
+ tzsetwall();
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (lcl_is_set > 0 && strcmp(lcl_TZname, name) == 0)
+ return;
+ lcl_is_set = strlen(name) < sizeof lcl_TZname;
+ if (lcl_is_set)
+ (void) strcpy(lcl_TZname, name);
+
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (lclptr == NULL) {
+ lclptr = (struct state *) malloc(sizeof *lclptr);
+ if (lclptr == NULL) {
+ settzname(); /* all we can do */
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ if (*name == '\0') {
+ /*
+ ** User wants it fast rather than right.
+ */
+ lclptr->leapcnt = 0; /* so, we're off a little */
+ lclptr->timecnt = 0;
+ lclptr->typecnt = 0;
+ lclptr->ttis[0].tt_isdst = 0;
+ lclptr->ttis[0].tt_gmtoff = 0;
+ lclptr->ttis[0].tt_abbrind = 0;
+ (void) strcpy(lclptr->chars, gmt);
+ } else if (tzload(name, lclptr) != 0)
+ if (name[0] == ':' || tzparse(name, lclptr, FALSE) != 0)
+ (void) gmtload(lclptr);
+ settzname();
+}
+
+/*
+** The easy way to behave "as if no library function calls" localtime
+** is to not call it--so we drop its guts into "localsub", which can be
+** freely called. (And no, the PANS doesn't require the above behavior--
+** but it *is* desirable.)
+**
+** The unused offset argument is for the benefit of mktime variants.
+*/
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+static struct tm *
+localsub(timep, offset, tmp)
+const time_t * const timep;
+const long offset;
+struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ register struct state * sp;
+ register const struct ttinfo * ttisp;
+ register int i;
+ register struct tm * result;
+ const time_t t = *timep;
+
+ sp = lclptr;
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (sp == NULL)
+ return gmtsub(timep, offset, tmp);
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ if (sp->timecnt == 0 || t < sp->ats[0]) {
+ i = 0;
+ while (sp->ttis[i].tt_isdst)
+ if (++i >= sp->typecnt) {
+ i = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ } else {
+ for (i = 1; i < sp->timecnt; ++i)
+ if (t < sp->ats[i])
+ break;
+ i = (int) sp->types[i - 1];
+ }
+ ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+ /*
+ ** To get (wrong) behavior that's compatible with System V Release 2.0
+ ** you'd replace the statement below with
+ ** t += ttisp->tt_gmtoff;
+ ** timesub(&t, 0L, sp, tmp);
+ */
+ result = timesub(&t, ttisp->tt_gmtoff, sp, tmp);
+ tmp->tm_isdst = ttisp->tt_isdst;
+ tzname[tmp->tm_isdst] = &sp->chars[ttisp->tt_abbrind];
+#ifdef TM_ZONE
+ tmp->TM_ZONE = &sp->chars[ttisp->tt_abbrind];
+#endif /* defined TM_ZONE */
+ return result;
+}
+
+struct tm *
+localtime(timep)
+const time_t * const timep;
+{
+ tzset();
+ return localsub(timep, 0L, &tm);
+}
+
+/*
+** Re-entrant version of localtime.
+*/
+
+struct tm *
+localtime_r(timep, tmp)
+const time_t * const timep;
+struct tm * tmp;
+{
+ return localsub(timep, 0L, tmp);
+}
+
+/*
+** gmtsub is to gmtime as localsub is to localtime.
+*/
+
+static struct tm *
+gmtsub(timep, offset, tmp)
+const time_t * const timep;
+const long offset;
+struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ register struct tm * result;
+
+ if (!gmt_is_set) {
+ gmt_is_set = TRUE;
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ gmtptr = (struct state *) malloc(sizeof *gmtptr);
+ if (gmtptr != NULL)
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ gmtload(gmtptr);
+ }
+ result = timesub(timep, offset, gmtptr, tmp);
+#ifdef TM_ZONE
+ /*
+ ** Could get fancy here and deliver something such as
+ ** "UTC+xxxx" or "UTC-xxxx" if offset is non-zero,
+ ** but this is no time for a treasure hunt.
+ */
+ if (offset != 0)
+ tmp->TM_ZONE = wildabbr;
+ else {
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (gmtptr == NULL)
+ tmp->TM_ZONE = gmt;
+ else tmp->TM_ZONE = gmtptr->chars;
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+#ifndef ALL_STATE
+ tmp->TM_ZONE = gmtptr->chars;
+#endif /* State Farm */
+ }
+#endif /* defined TM_ZONE */
+ return result;
+}
+
+struct tm *
+gmtime(timep)
+const time_t * const timep;
+{
+ return gmtsub(timep, 0L, &tm);
+}
+
+/*
+* Re-entrant version of gmtime.
+*/
+
+struct tm *
+gmtime_r(timep, tmp)
+const time_t * const timep;
+struct tm * tmp;
+{
+ return gmtsub(timep, 0L, tmp);
+}
+
+#ifdef STD_INSPIRED
+
+struct tm *
+offtime(timep, offset)
+const time_t * const timep;
+const long offset;
+{
+ return gmtsub(timep, offset, &tm);
+}
+
+#endif /* defined STD_INSPIRED */
+
+/*
+** Return the number of leap years through the end of the given year
+** where, to make the math easy, the answer for year zero is defined as zero.
+*/
+
+static int
+leaps_thru_end_of(y)
+register const int y;
+{
+ return (y >= 0) ? (y / 4 - y / 100 + y / 400) :
+ -(leaps_thru_end_of(-(y + 1)) + 1);
+}
+
+static struct tm *
+timesub(timep, offset, sp, tmp)
+const time_t * const timep;
+const long offset;
+register const struct state * const sp;
+register struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ register const struct lsinfo * lp;
+ register time_t tdays;
+ register int idays; /* unsigned would be so 2003 */
+ register long rem;
+ int y;
+ register const int * ip;
+ register long corr;
+ register int hit;
+ register int i;
+
+ corr = 0;
+ hit = 0;
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ i = (sp == NULL) ? 0 : sp->leapcnt;
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+#ifndef ALL_STATE
+ i = sp->leapcnt;
+#endif /* State Farm */
+ while (--i >= 0) {
+ lp = &sp->lsis[i];
+ if (*timep >= lp->ls_trans) {
+ if (*timep == lp->ls_trans) {
+ hit = ((i == 0 && lp->ls_corr > 0) ||
+ lp->ls_corr > sp->lsis[i - 1].ls_corr);
+ if (hit)
+ while (i > 0 &&
+ sp->lsis[i].ls_trans ==
+ sp->lsis[i - 1].ls_trans + 1 &&
+ sp->lsis[i].ls_corr ==
+ sp->lsis[i - 1].ls_corr + 1) {
+ ++hit;
+ --i;
+ }
+ }
+ corr = lp->ls_corr;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ y = EPOCH_YEAR;
+ tdays = *timep / SECSPERDAY;
+ rem = *timep - tdays * SECSPERDAY;
+ while (tdays < 0 || tdays >= year_lengths[isleap(y)]) {
+ int newy;
+ register time_t tdelta;
+ register int idelta;
+ register int leapdays;
+
+ tdelta = tdays / DAYSPERLYEAR;
+ idelta = tdelta;
+ if (tdelta - idelta >= 1 || idelta - tdelta >= 1)
+ return NULL;
+ if (idelta == 0)
+ idelta = (tdays < 0) ? -1 : 1;
+ newy = y;
+ if (increment_overflow(&newy, idelta))
+ return NULL;
+ leapdays = leaps_thru_end_of(newy - 1) -
+ leaps_thru_end_of(y - 1);
+ tdays -= ((time_t) newy - y) * DAYSPERNYEAR;
+ tdays -= leapdays;
+ y = newy;
+ }
+ {
+ register long seconds;
+
+ seconds = tdays * SECSPERDAY + 0.5;
+ tdays = seconds / SECSPERDAY;
+ rem += seconds - tdays * SECSPERDAY;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Given the range, we can now fearlessly cast...
+ */
+ idays = tdays;
+ rem += offset - corr;
+ while (rem < 0) {
+ rem += SECSPERDAY;
+ --idays;
+ }
+ while (rem >= SECSPERDAY) {
+ rem -= SECSPERDAY;
+ ++idays;
+ }
+ while (idays < 0) {
+ if (increment_overflow(&y, -1))
+ return NULL;
+ idays += year_lengths[isleap(y)];
+ }
+ while (idays >= year_lengths[isleap(y)]) {
+ idays -= year_lengths[isleap(y)];
+ if (increment_overflow(&y, 1))
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ tmp->tm_year = y;
+ if (increment_overflow(&tmp->tm_year, -TM_YEAR_BASE))
+ return NULL;
+ tmp->tm_yday = idays;
+ /*
+ ** The "extra" mods below avoid overflow problems.
+ */
+ tmp->tm_wday = EPOCH_WDAY +
+ ((y - EPOCH_YEAR) % DAYSPERWEEK) *
+ (DAYSPERNYEAR % DAYSPERWEEK) +
+ leaps_thru_end_of(y - 1) -
+ leaps_thru_end_of(EPOCH_YEAR - 1) +
+ idays;
+ tmp->tm_wday %= DAYSPERWEEK;
+ if (tmp->tm_wday < 0)
+ tmp->tm_wday += DAYSPERWEEK;
+ tmp->tm_hour = (int) (rem / SECSPERHOUR);
+ rem %= SECSPERHOUR;
+ tmp->tm_min = (int) (rem / SECSPERMIN);
+ /*
+ ** A positive leap second requires a special
+ ** representation. This uses "... ??:59:60" et seq.
+ */
+ tmp->tm_sec = (int) (rem % SECSPERMIN) + hit;
+ ip = mon_lengths[isleap(y)];
+ for (tmp->tm_mon = 0; idays >= ip[tmp->tm_mon]; ++(tmp->tm_mon))
+ idays -= ip[tmp->tm_mon];
+ tmp->tm_mday = (int) (idays + 1);
+ tmp->tm_isdst = 0;
+#ifdef TM_GMTOFF
+ tmp->TM_GMTOFF = offset;
+#endif /* defined TM_GMTOFF */
+ return tmp;
+}
+
+char *
+ctime(timep)
+const time_t * const timep;
+{
+/*
+** Section 4.12.3.2 of X3.159-1989 requires that
+** The ctime function converts the calendar time pointed to by timer
+** to local time in the form of a string. It is equivalent to
+** asctime(localtime(timer))
+*/
+ return asctime(localtime(timep));
+}
+
+char *
+ctime_r(timep, buf)
+const time_t * const timep;
+char * buf;
+{
+ struct tm mytm;
+
+ return asctime_r(localtime_r(timep, &mytm), buf);
+}
+
+/*
+** Adapted from code provided by Robert Elz, who writes:
+** The "best" way to do mktime I think is based on an idea of Bob
+** Kridle's (so its said...) from a long time ago.
+** It does a binary search of the time_t space. Since time_t's are
+** just 32 bits, its a max of 32 iterations (even at 64 bits it
+** would still be very reasonable).
+*/
+
+#ifndef WRONG
+#define WRONG (-1)
+#endif /* !defined WRONG */
+
+/*
+** Simplified normalize logic courtesy Paul Eggert.
+*/
+
+static int
+increment_overflow(number, delta)
+int * number;
+int delta;
+{
+ int number0;
+
+ number0 = *number;
+ *number += delta;
+ return (*number < number0) != (delta < 0);
+}
+
+static int
+long_increment_overflow(number, delta)
+long * number;
+int delta;
+{
+ long number0;
+
+ number0 = *number;
+ *number += delta;
+ return (*number < number0) != (delta < 0);
+}
+
+static int
+normalize_overflow(tensptr, unitsptr, base)
+int * const tensptr;
+int * const unitsptr;
+const int base;
+{
+ register int tensdelta;
+
+ tensdelta = (*unitsptr >= 0) ?
+ (*unitsptr / base) :
+ (-1 - (-1 - *unitsptr) / base);
+ *unitsptr -= tensdelta * base;
+ return increment_overflow(tensptr, tensdelta);
+}
+
+static int
+long_normalize_overflow(tensptr, unitsptr, base)
+long * const tensptr;
+int * const unitsptr;
+const int base;
+{
+ register int tensdelta;
+
+ tensdelta = (*unitsptr >= 0) ?
+ (*unitsptr / base) :
+ (-1 - (-1 - *unitsptr) / base);
+ *unitsptr -= tensdelta * base;
+ return long_increment_overflow(tensptr, tensdelta);
+}
+
+static int
+tmcomp(atmp, btmp)
+register const struct tm * const atmp;
+register const struct tm * const btmp;
+{
+ register int result;
+
+ if ((result = (atmp->tm_year - btmp->tm_year)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_mon - btmp->tm_mon)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_mday - btmp->tm_mday)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_hour - btmp->tm_hour)) == 0 &&
+ (result = (atmp->tm_min - btmp->tm_min)) == 0)
+ result = atmp->tm_sec - btmp->tm_sec;
+ return result;
+}
+
+static time_t
+time2sub(tmp, funcp, offset, okayp, do_norm_secs)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+struct tm * (* const funcp) P((const time_t*, long, struct tm*));
+const long offset;
+int * const okayp;
+const int do_norm_secs;
+{
+ register const struct state * sp;
+ register int dir;
+ register int i, j;
+ register int saved_seconds;
+ register long li;
+ register time_t lo;
+ register time_t hi;
+ long y;
+ time_t newt;
+ time_t t;
+ struct tm yourtm, mytm;
+
+ *okayp = FALSE;
+ yourtm = *tmp;
+ if (do_norm_secs) {
+ if (normalize_overflow(&yourtm.tm_min, &yourtm.tm_sec,
+ SECSPERMIN))
+ return WRONG;
+ }
+ if (normalize_overflow(&yourtm.tm_hour, &yourtm.tm_min, MINSPERHOUR))
+ return WRONG;
+ if (normalize_overflow(&yourtm.tm_mday, &yourtm.tm_hour, HOURSPERDAY))
+ return WRONG;
+ y = yourtm.tm_year;
+ if (long_normalize_overflow(&y, &yourtm.tm_mon, MONSPERYEAR))
+ return WRONG;
+ /*
+ ** Turn y into an actual year number for now.
+ ** It is converted back to an offset from TM_YEAR_BASE later.
+ */
+ if (long_increment_overflow(&y, TM_YEAR_BASE))
+ return WRONG;
+ while (yourtm.tm_mday <= 0) {
+ if (long_increment_overflow(&y, -1))
+ return WRONG;
+ li = y + (1 < yourtm.tm_mon);
+ yourtm.tm_mday += year_lengths[isleap(li)];
+ }
+ while (yourtm.tm_mday > DAYSPERLYEAR) {
+ li = y + (1 < yourtm.tm_mon);
+ yourtm.tm_mday -= year_lengths[isleap(li)];
+ if (long_increment_overflow(&y, 1))
+ return WRONG;
+ }
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ i = mon_lengths[isleap(y)][yourtm.tm_mon];
+ if (yourtm.tm_mday <= i)
+ break;
+ yourtm.tm_mday -= i;
+ if (++yourtm.tm_mon >= MONSPERYEAR) {
+ yourtm.tm_mon = 0;
+ if (long_increment_overflow(&y, 1))
+ return WRONG;
+ }
+ }
+ if (long_increment_overflow(&y, -TM_YEAR_BASE))
+ return WRONG;
+ yourtm.tm_year = y;
+ if (yourtm.tm_year != y)
+ return WRONG;
+ if (yourtm.tm_sec >= 0 && yourtm.tm_sec < SECSPERMIN)
+ saved_seconds = 0;
+ else if (y + TM_YEAR_BASE < EPOCH_YEAR) {
+ /*
+ ** We can't set tm_sec to 0, because that might push the
+ ** time below the minimum representable time.
+ ** Set tm_sec to 59 instead.
+ ** This assumes that the minimum representable time is
+ ** not in the same minute that a leap second was deleted from,
+ ** which is a safer assumption than using 58 would be.
+ */
+ if (increment_overflow(&yourtm.tm_sec, 1 - SECSPERMIN))
+ return WRONG;
+ saved_seconds = yourtm.tm_sec;
+ yourtm.tm_sec = SECSPERMIN - 1;
+ } else {
+ saved_seconds = yourtm.tm_sec;
+ yourtm.tm_sec = 0;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Do a binary search (this works whatever time_t's type is).
+ */
+ if (!TYPE_SIGNED(time_t)) {
+ lo = 0;
+ hi = lo - 1;
+ } else if (!TYPE_INTEGRAL(time_t)) {
+ if (sizeof(time_t) > sizeof(float))
+ hi = (time_t) DBL_MAX;
+ else hi = (time_t) FLT_MAX;
+ lo = -hi;
+ } else {
+ lo = 1;
+ for (i = 0; i < (int) TYPE_BIT(time_t) - 1; ++i)
+ lo *= 2;
+ hi = -(lo + 1);
+ }
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ t = lo / 2 + hi / 2;
+ if (t < lo)
+ t = lo;
+ else if (t > hi)
+ t = hi;
+ if ((*funcp)(&t, offset, &mytm) == NULL) {
+ /*
+ ** Assume that t is too extreme to be represented in
+ ** a struct tm; arrange things so that it is less
+ ** extreme on the next pass.
+ */
+ dir = (t > 0) ? 1 : -1;
+ } else dir = tmcomp(&mytm, &yourtm);
+ if (dir != 0) {
+ if (t == lo) {
+ ++t;
+ if (t <= lo)
+ return WRONG;
+ ++lo;
+ } else if (t == hi) {
+ --t;
+ if (t >= hi)
+ return WRONG;
+ --hi;
+ }
+ if (lo > hi)
+ return WRONG;
+ if (dir > 0)
+ hi = t;
+ else lo = t;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (yourtm.tm_isdst < 0 || mytm.tm_isdst == yourtm.tm_isdst)
+ break;
+ /*
+ ** Right time, wrong type.
+ ** Hunt for right time, right type.
+ ** It's okay to guess wrong since the guess
+ ** gets checked.
+ */
+ /*
+ ** The (void *) casts are the benefit of SunOS 3.3 on Sun 2's.
+ */
+ sp = (const struct state *)
+ (((void *) funcp == (void *) localsub) ?
+ lclptr : gmtptr);
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (sp == NULL)
+ return WRONG;
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ for (i = sp->typecnt - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+ if (sp->ttis[i].tt_isdst != yourtm.tm_isdst)
+ continue;
+ for (j = sp->typecnt - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
+ if (sp->ttis[j].tt_isdst == yourtm.tm_isdst)
+ continue;
+ newt = t + sp->ttis[j].tt_gmtoff -
+ sp->ttis[i].tt_gmtoff;
+ if ((*funcp)(&newt, offset, &mytm) == NULL)
+ continue;
+ if (tmcomp(&mytm, &yourtm) != 0)
+ continue;
+ if (mytm.tm_isdst != yourtm.tm_isdst)
+ continue;
+ /*
+ ** We have a match.
+ */
+ t = newt;
+ goto label;
+ }
+ }
+ return WRONG;
+ }
+label:
+ newt = t + saved_seconds;
+ if ((newt < t) != (saved_seconds < 0))
+ return WRONG;
+ t = newt;
+ if ((*funcp)(&t, offset, tmp))
+ *okayp = TRUE;
+ return t;
+}
+
+static time_t
+time2(tmp, funcp, offset, okayp)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+struct tm * (* const funcp) P((const time_t*, long, struct tm*));
+const long offset;
+int * const okayp;
+{
+ time_t t;
+
+ /*
+ ** First try without normalization of seconds
+ ** (in case tm_sec contains a value associated with a leap second).
+ ** If that fails, try with normalization of seconds.
+ */
+ t = time2sub(tmp, funcp, offset, okayp, FALSE);
+ return *okayp ? t : time2sub(tmp, funcp, offset, okayp, TRUE);
+}
+
+static time_t
+time1(tmp, funcp, offset)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+struct tm * (* const funcp) P((const time_t *, long, struct tm *));
+const long offset;
+{
+ register time_t t;
+ register const struct state * sp;
+ register int samei, otheri;
+ register int sameind, otherind;
+ register int i;
+ register int nseen;
+ int seen[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+ int types[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+ int okay;
+
+ if (tmp->tm_isdst > 1)
+ tmp->tm_isdst = 1;
+ t = time2(tmp, funcp, offset, &okay);
+#ifdef PCTS
+ /*
+ ** PCTS code courtesy Grant Sullivan.
+ */
+ if (okay)
+ return t;
+ if (tmp->tm_isdst < 0)
+ tmp->tm_isdst = 0; /* reset to std and try again */
+#endif /* defined PCTS */
+#ifndef PCTS
+ if (okay || tmp->tm_isdst < 0)
+ return t;
+#endif /* !defined PCTS */
+ /*
+ ** We're supposed to assume that somebody took a time of one type
+ ** and did some math on it that yielded a "struct tm" that's bad.
+ ** We try to divine the type they started from and adjust to the
+ ** type they need.
+ */
+ /*
+ ** The (void *) casts are the benefit of SunOS 3.3 on Sun 2's.
+ */
+ sp = (const struct state *) (((void *) funcp == (void *) localsub) ?
+ lclptr : gmtptr);
+#ifdef ALL_STATE
+ if (sp == NULL)
+ return WRONG;
+#endif /* defined ALL_STATE */
+ for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i)
+ seen[i] = FALSE;
+ nseen = 0;
+ for (i = sp->timecnt - 1; i >= 0; --i)
+ if (!seen[sp->types[i]]) {
+ seen[sp->types[i]] = TRUE;
+ types[nseen++] = sp->types[i];
+ }
+ for (sameind = 0; sameind < nseen; ++sameind) {
+ samei = types[sameind];
+ if (sp->ttis[samei].tt_isdst != tmp->tm_isdst)
+ continue;
+ for (otherind = 0; otherind < nseen; ++otherind) {
+ otheri = types[otherind];
+ if (sp->ttis[otheri].tt_isdst == tmp->tm_isdst)
+ continue;
+ tmp->tm_sec += sp->ttis[otheri].tt_gmtoff -
+ sp->ttis[samei].tt_gmtoff;
+ tmp->tm_isdst = !tmp->tm_isdst;
+ t = time2(tmp, funcp, offset, &okay);
+ if (okay)
+ return t;
+ tmp->tm_sec -= sp->ttis[otheri].tt_gmtoff -
+ sp->ttis[samei].tt_gmtoff;
+ tmp->tm_isdst = !tmp->tm_isdst;
+ }
+ }
+ return WRONG;
+}
+
+time_t
+mktime(tmp)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ tzset();
+ return time1(tmp, localsub, 0L);
+}
+
+#ifdef STD_INSPIRED
+
+time_t
+timelocal(tmp)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ tmp->tm_isdst = -1; /* in case it wasn't initialized */
+ return mktime(tmp);
+}
+
+time_t
+timegm(tmp)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ tmp->tm_isdst = 0;
+ return time1(tmp, gmtsub, 0L);
+}
+
+time_t
+timeoff(tmp, offset)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+const long offset;
+{
+ tmp->tm_isdst = 0;
+ return time1(tmp, gmtsub, offset);
+}
+
+#endif /* defined STD_INSPIRED */
+
+#ifdef CMUCS
+
+/*
+** The following is supplied for compatibility with
+** previous versions of the CMUCS runtime library.
+*/
+
+long
+gtime(tmp)
+struct tm * const tmp;
+{
+ const time_t t = mktime(tmp);
+
+ if (t == WRONG)
+ return -1;
+ return t;
+}
+
+#endif /* defined CMUCS */
+
+/*
+** XXX--is the below the right way to conditionalize??
+*/
+
+#ifdef STD_INSPIRED
+
+/*
+** IEEE Std 1003.1-1988 (POSIX) legislates that 536457599
+** shall correspond to "Wed Dec 31 23:59:59 UTC 1986", which
+** is not the case if we are accounting for leap seconds.
+** So, we provide the following conversion routines for use
+** when exchanging timestamps with POSIX conforming systems.
+*/
+
+static long
+leapcorr(timep)
+time_t * timep;
+{
+ register struct state * sp;
+ register struct lsinfo * lp;
+ register int i;
+
+ sp = lclptr;
+ i = sp->leapcnt;
+ while (--i >= 0) {
+ lp = &sp->lsis[i];
+ if (*timep >= lp->ls_trans)
+ return lp->ls_corr;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+time_t
+time2posix(t)
+time_t t;
+{
+ tzset();
+ return t - leapcorr(&t);
+}
+
+time_t
+posix2time(t)
+time_t t;
+{
+ time_t x;
+ time_t y;
+
+ tzset();
+ /*
+ ** For a positive leap second hit, the result
+ ** is not unique. For a negative leap second
+ ** hit, the corresponding time doesn't exist,
+ ** so we return an adjacent second.
+ */
+ x = t + leapcorr(&t);
+ y = x - leapcorr(&x);
+ if (y < t) {
+ do {
+ x++;
+ y = x - leapcorr(&x);
+ } while (y < t);
+ if (t != y)
+ return x - 1;
+ } else if (y > t) {
+ do {
+ --x;
+ y = x - leapcorr(&x);
+ } while (y > t);
+ if (t != y)
+ return x + 1;
+ }
+ return x;
+}
+
+#endif /* defined STD_INSPIRED */
--- /dev/null
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)logwtmp.c 7.7";
+/* As received from UCB, with include reordering and OLD_TIME condition. */
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
+ * provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
+ * duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
+ * advertising materials, and other materials related to such
+ * distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
+ * by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the
+ * University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ * from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT[A]BILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifdef LIBC_SCCS
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)logwtmp.c 5.2 (Berkeley) 9/20/88";
+#endif /* defined LIBC_SCCS */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <utmp.h>
+
+#ifdef OLD_TIME
+
+char dummy_to_keep_linker_happy;
+
+#endif /* defined OLD_TIME */
+
+#ifndef OLD_TIME
+
+#include <sys/file.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#define WTMPFILE "/usr/adm/wtmp"
+
+logwtmp(line, name, host)
+ char *line, *name, *host;
+{
+ struct utmp ut;
+ struct stat buf;
+ int fd;
+ time_t time();
+ char *strncpy();
+
+ if ((fd = open(WTMPFILE, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0)) < 0)
+ return;
+ if (!fstat(fd, &buf)) {
+ (void)strncpy(ut.ut_line, line, sizeof(ut.ut_line));
+ (void)strncpy(ut.ut_name, name, sizeof(ut.ut_name));
+ (void)strncpy(ut.ut_host, host, sizeof(ut.ut_host));
+ (void)time(&ut.ut_time);
+ if (write(fd, (char *)&ut, sizeof(struct utmp)) !=
+ sizeof(struct utmp))
+ (void)ftruncate(fd, buf.st_size);
+ }
+ (void)close(fd);
+}
+
+#endif /* !defined OLD_TIME */
--- /dev/null
+.TH NEWCTIME 3
+.SH NAME
+asctime, ctime, difftime, gmtime, localtime, mktime \- convert date and time to ASCII
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B extern char *tzname[2];
+.PP
+.B void tzset()
+.PP
+.B #include <sys/types.h>
+.PP
+.B char *ctime(clock)
+.B const time_t *clock;
+.PP
+.B double difftime(time1, time0)
+.B time_t time1;
+.B time_t time0;
+.PP
+.B #include <time.h>
+.PP
+.B char *asctime(tm)
+.B const struct tm *tm;
+.PP
+.B struct tm *localtime(clock)
+.B const time_t *clock;
+.PP
+.B struct tm *gmtime(clock)
+.B const time_t *clock;
+.PP
+.B time_t mktime(tm)
+.B struct tm *tm;
+.PP
+.B cc ... -ltz
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Ctime\^
+converts a long integer, pointed to by
+.IR clock ,
+representing the time in seconds since
+00:00:00 UTC, 1970-01-01,
+and returns a pointer to a
+string of the form
+.br
+.ce
+.eo
+Thu Nov 24 18:22:48 1986\n\0
+.br
+.ec
+Years requiring fewer than four characters are padded with leading zeroes.
+For years longer than four characters, the string is of the form
+.br
+.ce
+.eo
+Thu Nov 24 18:22:48 81986\n\0
+.ec
+.br
+with five spaces before the year.
+These unusual formats are designed to make it less likely that older
+software that expects exactly 26 bytes of output will mistakenly output
+misleading values for out-of-range years.
+.PP
+.I Localtime\^
+and
+.I gmtime\^
+return pointers to ``tm'' structures, described below.
+.I Localtime\^
+corrects for the time zone and any time zone adjustments
+(such as Daylight Saving Time in the United States).
+After filling in the ``tm'' structure,
+.I localtime
+sets the
+.BR tm_isdst 'th
+element of
+.B tzname
+to a pointer to an
+ASCII string that's the time zone abbreviation to be used with
+.IR localtime 's
+return value.
+.PP
+.I Gmtime\^
+converts to Coordinated Universal Time.
+.PP
+.I Asctime\^
+converts a time value contained in a
+``tm'' structure to a string,
+as shown in the above example,
+and returns a pointer to the string.
+.PP
+.I Mktime\^
+converts the broken-down time,
+expressed as local time,
+in the structure pointed to by
+.I tm
+into a calendar time value with the same encoding as that of the values
+returned by the
+.I time
+function.
+The original values of the
+.B tm_wday
+and
+.B tm_yday
+components of the structure are ignored,
+and the original values of the other components are not restricted
+to their normal ranges.
+(A positive or zero value for
+.B tm_isdst
+causes
+.I mktime
+to presume initially that summer time (for example, Daylight Saving Time
+in the U.S.A.)
+respectively,
+is or is not in effect for the specified time.
+A negative value for
+.B tm_isdst
+causes the
+.I mktime
+function to attempt to divine whether summer time is in effect
+for the specified time.)
+On successful completion, the values of the
+.B tm_wday
+and
+.B tm_yday
+components of the structure are set appropriately,
+and the other components are set to represent the specified calendar time,
+but with their values forced to their normal ranges; the final value of
+.B tm_mday
+is not set until
+.B tm_mon
+and
+.B tm_year
+are determined.
+.I Mktime\^
+returns the specified calendar time;
+If the calendar time cannot be represented,
+it returns
+.BR -1 .
+.PP
+.I Difftime\^
+returns the difference between two calendar times,
+.RI ( time1
+-
+.IR time0 ),
+expressed in seconds.
+.PP
+Declarations of all the functions and externals, and the ``tm'' structure,
+are in the
+.B <time.h>\^
+header file.
+The structure (of type)
+.B struct tm
+includes the following fields:
+.RS
+.PP
+.nf
+.ta .5i +\w'long tm_gmtoff;\0\0'u
+ int tm_sec; /\(** seconds (0 - 60) \(**/
+ int tm_min; /\(** minutes (0 - 59) \(**/
+ int tm_hour; /\(** hours (0 - 23) \(**/
+ int tm_mday; /\(** day of month (1 - 31) \(**/
+ int tm_mon; /\(** month of year (0 - 11) \(**/
+ int tm_year; /\(** year \- 1900 \(**/
+ int tm_wday; /\(** day of week (Sunday = 0) \(**/
+ int tm_yday; /\(** day of year (0 - 365) \(**/
+ int tm_isdst; /\(** is summer time in effect? \(**/
+ char \(**tm_zone; /\(** abbreviation of timezone name \(**/
+ long tm_gmtoff; /\(** offset from UTC in seconds \(**/
+.fi
+.RE
+.PP
+The
+.I tm_zone
+and
+.I tm_gmtoff
+fields exist, and are filled in, only if arrangements to do
+so were made when the library containing these functions was
+created.
+There is no guarantee that these fields will continue to exist
+in this form in future releases of this code.
+.PP
+.I Tm_isdst\^
+is non-zero if summer time is in effect.
+.PP
+.I Tm_gmtoff
+is the offset (in seconds) of the time represented
+from UTC, with positive values indicating east
+of the Prime Meridian.
+.SH FILES
+.ta \w'/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules\0\0'u
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo time zone information directory
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/localtime local time zone file
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules used with POSIX-style TZ's
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT for UTC leap seconds
+.sp
+If
+.B /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT
+is absent,
+UTC leap seconds are loaded from
+.BR /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules .
+.SH SEE ALSO
+getenv(3),
+newstrftime(3),
+newtzset(3),
+time(2),
+tzfile(5)
+.SH NOTES
+The return values point to static data;
+the data is overwritten by each call.
+The
+.B tm_zone
+field of a returned
+.B "struct tm"
+points to a static array of characters, which
+will also be overwritten at the next call
+(and by calls to
+.IR tzset ).
+.PP
+.I Asctime\^
+and
+.I ctime\^
+behave strangely for years before 1000 or after 9999.
+The 1989 and 1999 editions of the C Standard say
+that years from \-99 through 999 are converted without
+extra spaces, but this conflicts with longstanding
+tradition and with this implementation.
+Traditional implementations of these two functions are
+restricted to years in the range 1900 through 2099.
+To avoid this portability mess, new programs should use
+.I strftime\^
+instead.
+.PP
+Avoid using out-of-range values with
+.I mktime
+when setting up lunch with promptness sticklers in Riyadh.
+.\" @(#)newctime.3 7.17
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ asctime, ctime, difftime, gmtime, localtime, mktime -
+ convert date and time to ASCII
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ extern char *tzname[2];
+
+ void tzset()
+
+ #include <sys/types.h>
+
+ char *ctime(clock)
+ const time_t *clock;
+
+ double difftime(time1, time0)
+ time_t time1;
+ time_t time0;
+
+ #include <time.h>
+
+ char *asctime(tm)
+ const struct tm *tm;
+
+ struct tm *localtime(clock)
+ const time_t *clock;
+
+ struct tm *gmtime(clock)
+ const time_t *clock;
+
+ time_t mktime(tm)
+ struct tm *tm;
+
+ cc ... -ltz
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Ctime converts a long integer, pointed to by clock,
+ representing the time in seconds since 00:00:00 UTC, 1970-
+ 01-01, and returns a pointer to a string of the form
+ Thu Nov 24 18:22:48 1986\n\0
+ Years requiring fewer than four characters are padded with
+ leading zeroes. For years longer than four characters, the
+ string is of the form
+ Thu Nov 24 18:22:48 81986\n\0
+ with five spaces before the year. These unusual formats are
+ designed to make it less likely that older software that
+ expects exactly 26 bytes of output will mistakenly output
+ misleading values for out-of-range years.
+
+ Localtime and gmtime return pointers to ``tm'' structures,
+ described below. Localtime corrects for the time zone and
+ any time zone adjustments (such as Daylight Saving Time in
+ the United States). After filling in the ``tm'' structure,
+ localtime sets the tm_isdst'th element of tzname to a
+ pointer to an ASCII string that's the time zone abbreviation
+ to be used with localtime's return value.
+
+ Gmtime converts to Coordinated Universal Time.
+
+ Asctime converts a time value contained in a ``tm''
+ structure to a string, as shown in the above example, and
+ returns a pointer to the string.
+
+ Mktime converts the broken-down time, expressed as local
+ time, in the structure pointed to by tm into a calendar time
+ value with the same encoding as that of the values returned
+ by the time function. The original values of the tm_wday
+ and tm_yday components of the structure are ignored, and the
+ original values of the other components are not restricted
+ to their normal ranges. (A positive or zero value for
+ tm_isdst causes mktime to presume initially that summer time
+ (for example, Daylight Saving Time in the U.S.A.)
+ respectively, is or is not in effect for the specified time.
+ A negative value for tm_isdst causes the mktime function to
+ attempt to divine whether summer time is in effect for the
+ specified time.) On successful completion, the values of
+ the tm_wday and tm_yday components of the structure are set
+ appropriately, and the other components are set to represent
+ the specified calendar time, but with their values forced to
+ their normal ranges; the final value of tm_mday is not set
+ until tm_mon and tm_year are determined. Mktime returns the
+ specified calendar time; If the calendar time cannot be
+ represented, it returns -1.
+
+ Difftime returns the difference between two calendar times,
+ (time1 - time0), expressed in seconds.
+
+ Declarations of all the functions and externals, and the
+ ``tm'' structure, are in the <time.h> header file. The
+ structure (of type) struct tm includes the following fields:
+
+ int tm_sec; /* seconds (0 - 60) */
+ int tm_min; /* minutes (0 - 59) */
+ int tm_hour; /* hours (0 - 23) */
+ int tm_mday; /* day of month (1 - 31) */
+ int tm_mon; /* month of year (0 - 11) */
+ int tm_year; /* year - 1900 */
+ int tm_wday; /* day of week (Sunday = 0) */
+ int tm_yday; /* day of year (0 - 365) */
+ int tm_isdst; /* is summer time in effect? */
+ char *tm_zone; /* abbreviation of timezone name */
+ long tm_gmtoff; /* offset from UTC in seconds */
+
+ The tm_zone and tm_gmtoff fields exist, and are filled in,
+ only if arrangements to do so were made when the library
+ containing these functions was created. There is no
+ guarantee that these fields will continue to exist in this
+ form in future releases of this code.
+
+ Tm_isdst is non-zero if summer time is in effect.
+
+ Tm_gmtoff is the offset (in seconds) of the time represented
+ from UTC, with positive values indicating east of the Prime
+ Meridian.
+
+FILES
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo time zone information
+ directory
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/localtime local time zone file
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules used with POSIX-style
+ TZ's
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT for UTC leap seconds
+
+ If /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT is absent, UTC leap seconds
+ are loaded from /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ getenv(3), newstrftime(3), newtzset(3), time(2), tzfile(5)
+
+NOTES
+ The return values point to static data; the data is
+ overwritten by each call. The tm_zone field of a returned
+ struct tm points to a static array of characters, which will
+ also be overwritten at the next call (and by calls to
+ tzset).
+
+ Asctime and ctime behave strangely for years before 1000 or
+ after 9999. The 1989 and 1999 editions of the C Standard
+ say that years from -99 through 999 are converted without
+ extra spaces, but this conflicts with longstanding tradition
+ and with this implementation. Traditional implementations
+ of these two functions are restricted to years in the range
+ 1900 through 2099. To avoid this portability mess, new
+ programs should use strftime instead.
+
+ Avoid using out-of-range values with mktime when setting up
+ lunch with promptness sticklers in Riyadh.
--- /dev/null
+.\" Based on the UCB file whose copyright information appears below.
+.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
+.\" All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+.\" the American National Standards Committee X3, on Information
+.\" Processing Systems.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\" without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" from: @(#)strftime.3 5.12 (Berkeley) 6/29/91
+.\" $Id: strftime.3,v 1.4 1993/12/15 20:33:00 jtc Exp $
+.\"
+.TH NEWSTRFTIME 3
+.SH NAME
+strftime \- format date and time
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B #include <sys/types.h>
+.B #include <time.h>
+.PP
+.B size_t strftime(buf, maxsize, format, timeptr)
+.B char *buf;
+.B size_t maxsize;
+.B const char *format;
+.B const struct tm *timeptr
+.PP
+.B cc ... -ltz
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.I strftime\^
+function formats the information from
+.I timeptr\^
+into the buffer
+.I buf\^
+according to the string pointed to by
+.IR format\^ .
+.PP
+The
+.I format\^
+string consists of zero or more conversion specifications and
+ordinary characters.
+All ordinary characters are copied directly into the buffer.
+A conversion specification consists of a percent sign
+.Ql %
+and one other character.
+.PP
+No more than
+.I maxsize\^
+characters are be placed into the array.
+If the total number of resulting characters, including the terminating
+null character, is not more than
+.IR maxsize\^ ,
+.I strftime\^
+returns the number of characters in the array, not counting the
+terminating null.
+Otherwise, zero is returned.
+.PP
+Each conversion specification is replaced by the characters as
+follows which are then copied into the buffer.
+.TP
+%A
+is replaced by the locale's full weekday name.
+.TP
+%a
+is replaced by the locale's abbreviated weekday name.
+.TP
+%B
+is replaced by the locale's full month name.
+.TP
+%b or %h
+is replaced by the locale's abbreviated month name.
+.TP
+%C
+is replaced by the century (a year divided by 100 and truncated to an integer)
+as a decimal number (00-99).
+.TP
+%c
+is replaced by the locale's appropriate date and time representation.
+.TP
+%D
+is replaced by the date in the format %m/%d/%y.
+.TP
+%d
+is replaced by the day of the month as a decimal number (01-31).
+.TP
+%e
+is replaced by the day of month as a decimal number (1-31);
+single digits are preceded by a blank.
+.TP
+%F
+is replaced by the date in the format %Y-%m-%d.
+.TP
+%G
+is replaced by the ISO 8601 year with century as a decimal number.
+.TP
+%g
+is replaced by the ISO 8601 year without century as a decimal number (00-99).
+.TP
+%H
+is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (00-23).
+.TP
+%I
+is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (01-12).
+.TP
+%j
+is replaced by the day of the year as a decimal number (001-366).
+.TP
+%k
+is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (0-23);
+single digits are preceded by a blank.
+.TP
+%l
+is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (1-12);
+single digits are preceded by a blank.
+.TP
+%M
+is replaced by the minute as a decimal number (00-59).
+.TP
+%m
+is replaced by the month as a decimal number (01-12).
+.TP
+%n
+is replaced by a newline.
+.TP
+%p
+is replaced by the locale's equivalent of either AM or PM.
+.TP
+%R
+is replaced by the time in the format %H:%M.
+.TP
+%r
+is replaced by the locale's representation of 12-hour clock time
+using AM/PM notation.
+.TP
+%S
+is replaced by the second as a decimal number (00-60).
+.TP
+%s
+is replaced by the number of seconds since the Epoch, UTC (see mktime(3)).
+.TP
+%T
+is replaced by the time in the format %H:%M:%S.
+.TP
+%t
+is replaced by a tab.
+.TP
+%U
+is replaced by the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of
+the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
+.TP
+%u
+is replaced by the weekday (Monday as the first day of the week)
+as a decimal number (1-7).
+.TP
+%V
+is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of
+the week) as a decimal number (01-53). If the week containing January
+1 has four or more days in the new year, then it is week 1; otherwise
+it is week 53 of the previous year, and the next week is week 1.
+.TP
+%W
+is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of
+the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
+.TP
+%w
+is replaced by the weekday (Sunday as the first day of the week)
+as a decimal number (0-6).
+.TP
+%X
+is replaced by the locale's appropriate time representation.
+.TP
+%x
+is replaced by the locale's appropriate date representation.
+.TP
+%Y
+is replaced by the year with century as a decimal number.
+.TP
+%y
+is replaced by the year without century as a decimal number (00-99).
+.TP
+%Z
+is replaced by the time zone name,
+or by the empty string if this is not determinable.
+.TP
+%z
+is replaced by the offset from UTC in the format +HHMM or -HHMM as appropriate,
+with positive values representing locations east of Greenwich,
+or by the empty string if this is not determinable.
+.TP
+%%
+is replaced by a single %.
+.TP
+%+
+is replaced by the date and time in date(1) format.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+date(1),
+getenv(3),
+newctime(3),
+newtzset(3),
+time(2),
+tzfile(5)
+.\" @(#)newstrftime.3 7.15
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ strftime - format date and time
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ #include <sys/types.h>
+ #include <time.h>
+
+ size_t strftime(buf, maxsize, format, timeptr)
+ char *buf;
+ size_t maxsize;
+ const char *format;
+ const struct tm *timeptr
+
+ cc ... -ltz
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ The strftime function formats the information from timeptr
+ into the buffer buf according to the string pointed to by
+ format.
+
+ The format string consists of zero or more conversion
+ specifications and ordinary characters. All ordinary
+ characters are copied directly into the buffer. A
+ conversion specification consists of a percent sign and one
+ other character.
+
+ No more than maxsize characters are be placed into the
+ array. If the total number of resulting characters,
+ including the terminating null character, is not more than
+ maxsize, strftime returns the number of characters in the
+ array, not counting the terminating null. Otherwise, zero
+ is returned.
+
+ Each conversion specification is replaced by the characters
+ as follows which are then copied into the buffer.
+
+ %A is replaced by the locale's full weekday name.
+
+ %a is replaced by the locale's abbreviated weekday name.
+
+ %B is replaced by the locale's full month name.
+
+ %b or %h
+ is replaced by the locale's abbreviated month name.
+
+ %C is replaced by the century (a year divided by 100 and
+ truncated to an integer) as a decimal number (00-99).
+
+ %c is replaced by the locale's appropriate date and time
+ representation.
+
+ %D is replaced by the date in the format %m/%d/%y.
+
+ %d is replaced by the day of the month as a decimal number
+ (01-31).
+
+ %e is replaced by the day of month as a decimal number
+ (1-31); single digits are preceded by a blank.
+
+ %F is replaced by the date in the format %Y-%m-%d.
+
+ %G is replaced by the ISO 8601 year with century as a
+ decimal number.
+
+ %g is replaced by the ISO 8601 year without century as a
+ decimal number (00-99).
+
+ %H is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal
+ number (00-23).
+
+ %I is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal
+ number (01-12).
+
+ %j is replaced by the day of the year as a decimal number
+ (001-366).
+
+ %k is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal
+ number (0-23); single digits are preceded by a blank.
+
+ %l is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal
+ number (1-12); single digits are preceded by a blank.
+
+ %M is replaced by the minute as a decimal number (00-59).
+
+ %m is replaced by the month as a decimal number (01-12).
+
+ %n is replaced by a newline.
+
+ %p is replaced by the locale's equivalent of either AM or
+ PM.
+
+ %R is replaced by the time in the format %H:%M.
+
+ %r is replaced by the locale's representation of 12-hour
+ clock time using AM/PM notation.
+
+ %S is replaced by the second as a decimal number (00-60).
+
+ %s is replaced by the number of seconds since the Epoch,
+ UTC (see mktime(3)).
+
+ %T is replaced by the time in the format %H:%M:%S.
+
+ %t is replaced by a tab.
+
+ %U is replaced by the week number of the year (Sunday as
+ the first day of the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
+
+ %u is replaced by the weekday (Monday as the first day of
+ the week) as a decimal number (1-7).
+
+ %V is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as
+ the first day of the week) as a decimal number (01-53).
+ If the week containing January 1 has four or more days
+ in the new year, then it is week 1; otherwise it is
+ week 53 of the previous year, and the next week is week
+ 1.
+
+ %W is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as
+ the first day of the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
+
+ %w is replaced by the weekday (Sunday as the first day of
+ the week) as a decimal number (0-6).
+
+ %X is replaced by the locale's appropriate time
+ representation.
+
+ %x is replaced by the locale's appropriate date
+ representation.
+
+ %Y is replaced by the year with century as a decimal
+ number.
+
+ %y is replaced by the year without century as a decimal
+ number (00-99).
+
+ %Z is replaced by the time zone name, or by the empty
+ string if this is not determinable.
+
+ %z is replaced by the offset from UTC in the format +HHMM
+ or -HHMM as appropriate, with positive values
+ representing locations east of Greenwich, or by the
+ empty string if this is not determinable.
+
+ %% is replaced by a single %.
+
+ %+ is replaced by the date and time in date(1) format.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ date(1), getenv(3), newctime(3), newtzset(3), time(2),
+ tzfile(5)
--- /dev/null
+.TH NEWTZSET 3
+.SH NAME
+tzset \- initialize time conversion information
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B void tzset()
+.PP
+.B cc ... -ltz
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Tzset
+uses the value of the environment variable
+.B TZ
+to set time conversion information used by
+.IR localtime .
+If
+.B TZ
+does not appear in the environment,
+the best available approximation to local wall clock time, as specified
+by the
+.IR tzfile (5)-format
+file
+.B localtime
+in the system time conversion information directory, is used by
+.IR localtime .
+If
+.B TZ
+appears in the environment but its value is a null string,
+Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used (without leap second
+correction). If
+.B TZ
+appears in the environment and its value is not a null string:
+.IP
+if the value begins with a colon, it is used as a pathname of a file
+from which to read the time conversion information;
+.IP
+if the value does not begin with a colon, it is first used as the
+pathname of a file from which to read the time conversion information,
+and, if that file cannot be read, is used directly as a specification of
+the time conversion information.
+.PP
+When
+.B TZ
+is used as a pathname, if it begins with a slash,
+it is used as an absolute pathname; otherwise,
+it is used as a pathname relative to a system time conversion information
+directory.
+The file must be in the format specified in
+.IR tzfile (5).
+.PP
+When
+.B TZ
+is used directly as a specification of the time conversion information,
+it must have the following syntax (spaces inserted for clarity):
+.IP
+\fIstd\|offset\fR[\fIdst\fR[\fIoffset\fR][\fB,\fIrule\fR]]
+.PP
+Where:
+.RS
+.TP 15
+.IR std " and " dst
+Three or more bytes that are the designation for the standard
+.RI ( std )
+or summer
+.RI ( dst )
+time zone. Only
+.I std
+is required; if
+.I dst
+is missing, then summer time does not apply in this locale.
+Upper- and lowercase letters are explicitly allowed. Any characters
+except a leading colon
+.RB ( : ),
+digits, comma
+.RB ( , ),
+minus
+.RB ( \(mi ),
+plus
+.RB ( \(pl ),
+and ASCII NUL are allowed.
+.TP
+.I offset
+Indicates the value one must add to the local time to arrive at
+Coordinated Universal Time. The
+.I offset
+has the form:
+.RS
+.IP
+\fIhh\fR[\fB:\fImm\fR[\fB:\fIss\fR]]
+.RE
+.IP
+The minutes
+.RI ( mm )
+and seconds
+.RI ( ss )
+are optional. The hour
+.RI ( hh )
+is required and may be a single digit. The
+.I offset
+following
+.I std
+is required. If no
+.I offset
+follows
+.IR dst ,
+summer time is assumed to be one hour ahead of standard time. One or
+more digits may be used; the value is always interpreted as a decimal
+number. The hour must be between zero and 24, and the minutes (and
+seconds) \(em if present \(em between zero and 59. If preceded by a
+.RB `` \(mi '',
+the time zone shall be east of the Prime Meridian; otherwise it shall be
+west (which may be indicated by an optional preceding
+.RB `` \(pl '').
+.TP
+.I rule
+Indicates when to change to and back from summer time. The
+.I rule
+has the form:
+.RS
+.IP
+\fIdate\fB/\fItime\fB,\fIdate\fB/\fItime\fR
+.RE
+.IP
+where the first
+.I date
+describes when the change from standard to summer time occurs and the
+second
+.I date
+describes when the change back happens. Each
+.I time
+field describes when, in current local time, the change to the other
+time is made.
+.IP
+The format of
+.I date
+is one of the following:
+.RS
+.TP 10
+.BI J n
+The Julian day
+.I n
+.RI "(1\ \(<=" "\ n\ " "\(<=\ 365).
+Leap days are not counted; that is, in all years \(em including leap
+years \(em February 28 is day 59 and March 1 is day 60. It is
+impossible to explicitly refer to the occasional February 29.
+.TP
+.I n
+The zero-based Julian day
+.RI "(0\ \(<=" "\ n\ " "\(<=\ 365).
+Leap days are counted, and it is possible to refer to February 29.
+.TP
+.BI M m . n . d
+The
+.IR d' th
+day
+.RI "(0\ \(<=" "\ d\ " "\(<=\ 6)
+of week
+.I n
+of month
+.I m
+of the year
+.RI "(1\ \(<=" "\ n\ " "\(<=\ 5,
+.RI "1\ \(<=" "\ m\ " "\(<=\ 12,
+where week 5 means ``the last
+.I d
+day in month
+.IR m ''
+which may occur in either the fourth or the fifth week). Week 1 is the
+first week in which the
+.IR d' th
+day occurs. Day zero is Sunday.
+.RE
+.IP "" 15
+The
+.I time
+has the same format as
+.I offset
+except that no leading sign
+.RB (`` \(mi ''
+or
+.RB `` \(pl '')
+is allowed. The default, if
+.I time
+is not given, is
+.BR 02:00:00 .
+.RE
+.LP
+If no
+.I rule
+is present in
+.BR TZ ,
+the rules specified
+by the
+.IR tzfile (5)-format
+file
+.B posixrules
+in the system time conversion information directory are used, with the
+standard and summer time offsets from UTC replaced by those specified by
+the
+.I offset
+values in
+.BR TZ .
+.PP
+For compatibility with System V Release 3.1, a semicolon
+.RB ( ; )
+may be used to separate the
+.I rule
+from the rest of the specification.
+.PP
+If the
+.B TZ
+environment variable does not specify a
+.IR tzfile (5)-format
+and cannot be interpreted as a direct specification,
+UTC is used.
+.SH FILES
+.ta \w'/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules\0\0'u
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo time zone information directory
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/localtime local time zone file
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules used with POSIX-style TZ's
+.br
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT for UTC leap seconds
+.sp
+If
+.B /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT
+is absent,
+UTC leap seconds are loaded from
+.BR /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules .
+.SH SEE ALSO
+getenv(3),
+newctime(3),
+newstrftime(3),
+time(2),
+tzfile(5)
+.\" @(#)newtzset.3 7.5
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ tzset - initialize time conversion information
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ void tzset()
+
+ cc ... -ltz
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Tzset uses the value of the environment variable TZ to set
+ time conversion information used by localtime. If TZ does
+ not appear in the environment, the best available
+ approximation to local wall clock time, as specified by the
+ tzfile(5)-format file localtime in the system time
+ conversion information directory, is used by localtime. If
+ TZ appears in the environment but its value is a null
+ string, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used (without
+ leap second correction). If TZ appears in the environment
+ and its value is not a null string:
+
+ if the value begins with a colon, it is used as a
+ pathname of a file from which to read the time
+ conversion information;
+
+ if the value does not begin with a colon, it is first
+ used as the pathname of a file from which to read the
+ time conversion information, and, if that file cannot
+ be read, is used directly as a specification of the
+ time conversion information.
+
+ When TZ is used as a pathname, if it begins with a slash, it
+ is used as an absolute pathname; otherwise, it is used as a
+ pathname relative to a system time conversion information
+ directory. The file must be in the format specified in
+ tzfile(5).
+
+ When TZ is used directly as a specification of the time
+ conversion information, it must have the following syntax
+ (spaces inserted for clarity):
+
+ stdoffset[dst[offset][,rule]]
+
+ Where:
+
+ std and dst Three or more bytes that are the
+ designation for the standard (std) or
+ summer (dst) time zone. Only std is
+ required; if dst is missing, then summer
+ time does not apply in this locale.
+ Upper- and lowercase letters are
+ explicitly allowed. Any characters
+ except a leading colon (:), digits,
+ comma (,), minus (-), plus (+), and
+ ASCII NUL are allowed.
+
+ offset Indicates the value one must add to the
+ local time to arrive at Coordinated
+ Universal Time. The offset has the
+ form:
+
+ hh[:mm[:ss]]
+
+ The minutes (mm) and seconds (ss) are
+ optional. The hour (hh) is required and
+ may be a single digit. The offset
+ following std is required. If no offset
+ follows dst, summer time is assumed to
+ be one hour ahead of standard time. One
+ or more digits may be used; the value is
+ always interpreted as a decimal number.
+ The hour must be between zero and 24,
+ and the minutes (and seconds) - if
+ present - between zero and 59. If
+ preceded by a ``-'', the time zone shall
+ be east of the Prime Meridian; otherwise
+ it shall be west (which may be indicated
+ by an optional preceding ``+'').
+
+ rule Indicates when to change to and back
+ from summer time. The rule has the
+ form:
+
+ date/time,date/time
+
+ where the first date describes when the
+ change from standard to summer time
+ occurs and the second date describes
+ when the change back happens. Each time
+ field describes when, in current local
+ time, the change to the other time is
+ made.
+
+ The format of date is one of the
+ following:
+
+ Jn The Julian day n
+ (1 < n < 365). Leap days are
+ not counted; that is, in all
+ years - including leap years -
+ February 28 is day 59 and
+ March 1 is day 60. It is
+ impossible to explicitly refer
+ to the occasional February 29.
+
+ n The zero-based Julian day
+ (0 < n < 365). Leap days are
+ counted, and it is possible to
+ refer to February 29.
+
+ Mm.n.d The d'th day (0 < d < 6) of
+ week n of month m of the year
+ (1 < n < 5, 1 < m < 12, where
+ week 5 means ``the last d day
+ in month m'' which may occur
+ in either the fourth or the
+ fifth week). Week 1 is the
+ first week in which the d'th
+ day occurs. Day zero is
+ Sunday.
+
+ The time has the same format as offset
+ except that no leading sign (``-'' or
+ ``+'') is allowed. The default, if time
+ is not given, is 02:00:00.
+
+ If no rule is present in TZ, the rules specified by the
+ tzfile(5)-format file posixrules in the system time
+ conversion information directory are used, with the standard
+ and summer time offsets from UTC replaced by those specified
+ by the offset values in TZ.
+
+ For compatibility with System V Release 3.1, a semicolon (;)
+ may be used to separate the rule from the rest of the
+ specification.
+
+ If the TZ environment variable does not specify a
+ tzfile(5)-format and cannot be interpreted as a direct
+ specification, UTC is used.
+
+FILES
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo time zone information
+ directory
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/localtime local time zone file
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules used with POSIX-style
+ TZ's
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT for UTC leap seconds
+
+ If /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/GMT is absent, UTC leap seconds
+ are loaded from /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo/posixrules.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ getenv(3), newctime(3), newstrftime(3), time(2), tzfile(5)
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)northamerica 8.15
+# <pre>
+
+# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
+# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
+# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# United States
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
+# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
+# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
+# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
+# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
+# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
+# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
+# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
+# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
+# and the most of the country soon followed suit.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
+# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
+# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
+# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
+# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
+# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
+# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
+# in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
+# of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
+# Not everyone is happy with the results:
+#
+# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
+# agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
+# daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
+# I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
+# valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
+# of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
+# reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
+# scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
+# to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
+# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
+#
+# -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
+# Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
+#
+# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
+# Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
+# Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
+# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
+#
+# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
+# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
+# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
+# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
+
+# From Arthur David Olson:
+# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
+# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
+# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson:
+# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
+# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
+# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
+# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
+# An AltaVista search turned up
+# <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
+# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
+# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
+# </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
+
+# From Joseph Gallant citing
+# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
+# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
+# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
+# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
+# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
+# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
+# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
+# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
+# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
+#
+# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
+# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
+# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
+# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
+# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
+# importance."
+#
+# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
+# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
+# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
+# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
+#
+# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
+# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
+# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
+# U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
+# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
+Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+
+# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
+# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
+# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
+# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
+# this time zone package.
+# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
+# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
+# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
+# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
+# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone EST -5:00 - EST
+Zone MST -7:00 - MST
+Zone HST -10:00 - HST
+Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
+Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
+Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
+Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
+
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
+# old new
+# Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
+# Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
+# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
+# Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
+#
+# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
+# The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
+# of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
+# The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
+# I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
+
+# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
+# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
+# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+# USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
+# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+# USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
+# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+# USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
+# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+# USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
+# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
+# USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
+# USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+# USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
+# USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
+# The above dates are for 1988.
+# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
+# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
+# Aleutians.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
+# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
+# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
+# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
+# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
+# (none)
+# United States standard eastern time
+# United States standard mountain time
+# United States standard central time
+# United States standard Pacific time
+# (none)
+# United States standard Alaska time
+# (none)
+# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
+# public law 98-181):
+# Atlantic standard time
+# eastern standard time
+# central standard time
+# mountain standard time
+# Pacific standard time
+# Yukon standard time
+# Alaska-Hawaii standard time
+# Bering standard time
+# And after 1983-11-30:
+# Atlantic standard time
+# eastern standard time
+# central standard time
+# mountain standard time
+# Pacific standard time
+# Alaska standard time
+# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
+# Samoa standard time
+# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
+# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
+# "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
+# See the file "australasia".
+
+# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
+# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
+#
+# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
+# (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
+# U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
+# (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
+# Sunday of March'; and
+# (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
+# Sunday of November'.
+# (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
+# date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
+# (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
+# date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
+# on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
+# States.
+# (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
+# Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
+# Department study is complete.
+
+# US eastern time, represented by New York
+
+# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
+# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
+# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
+# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
+# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
+# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
+
+# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
+# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
+# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
+# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
+# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
+# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
+# According to today's Huntsville Times
+# <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
+# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
+# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
+# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
+# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
+# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
+# in Columbus."
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1920
+ -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+
+# US central time, represented by Chicago
+
+# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
+# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
+# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
+# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
+# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
+# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
+# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
+# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
+
+# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
+# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
+# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
+# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
+# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
+# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
+#
+# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
+# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
+# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
+# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1920
+ -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
+ -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
+Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
+# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
+# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
+# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
+# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
+# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
+# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
+Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
+ -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+
+# US mountain time, represented by Denver
+#
+# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
+# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
+# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
+# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
+# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
+Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1920
+ -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1946
+ -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
+ -7:00 US M%sT
+
+# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
+#
+# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
+# Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
+# most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
+ -8:00 US P%sT 1946
+ -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
+ -8:00 US P%sT
+
+# Alaska
+# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
+# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
+# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
+# This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
+# also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
+# ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
+# the Julian calendar.
+#
+# As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
+# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
+# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
+# was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
+# were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
+# it's best to simply use the official transition.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+ -8:00 - PST 1942
+ -8:00 US P%sT 1946
+ -8:00 - PST 1969
+ -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
+ -9:00 US AK%sT
+Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+ -9:00 - YST 1942
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
+ -9:00 - YST 1969
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
+ -9:00 US AK%sT
+Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+ -10:00 - CAT 1942
+ -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
+ -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
+ -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
+ -10:00 - AHST 1969
+ -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
+ -9:00 US AK%sT
+Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+ -11:00 - NST 1942
+ -11:00 US N%sT 1946
+ -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
+ -11:00 - BST 1969
+ -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
+ -9:00 US AK%sT
+Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
+ -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
+ -11:00 - NST 1942
+ -11:00 US N%sT 1946
+ -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
+ -11:00 - BST 1969
+ -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
+ -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
+ -10:00 US HA%sT
+# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
+#
+# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
+# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
+# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
+#
+# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
+# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
+# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
+# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
+# possibly until 1983:
+#
+# Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
+# "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
+# location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
+# made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
+# resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
+# Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
+# January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
+# three votes for and one against."
+
+# Hawaii
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson:
+# And then there's Hawaii.
+# DST was observed for one day in 1933;
+# standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
+# it's always standard as of 1986.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert:
+# Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
+#
+Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
+ -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
+ -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
+ -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
+ -10:00 - HST
+
+# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
+
+# Arizona mostly uses MST.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
+#
+# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
+# <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
+# Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
+# Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
+# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
+# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
+# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
+# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
+# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
+# the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
+# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
+# mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
+# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
+#
+# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
+# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
+
+Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
+ -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
+ -7:00 - MST 1967
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
+ -7:00 - MST
+# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
+# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
+# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
+# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
+# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
+# tribal nations don't use DST.)
+
+Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
+
+# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
+# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
+# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
+# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
+# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
+# switched four weeks late in 1974.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
+ -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
+ -7:00 US M%sT 1974
+ -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
+ -7:00 US M%sT
+
+# Indiana
+#
+# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
+# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
+# What time is it in Indiana?
+# </a> (2006-03-01)
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
+# with the following exceptions:
+#
+# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
+# Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
+#
+# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
+#
+# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
+# America/Kentucky/Louisville.
+#
+# - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski counties
+# have been like America/Indiana/Vincennes.
+#
+# - Crawford, Pike, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
+# histories as noted below.
+#
+# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
+# and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
+# Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
+# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
+#
+# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
+# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
+# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
+# http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
+
+# From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
+# http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
+# From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
+# http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
+# It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
+# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
+# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
+# this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
+# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
+# Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
+# clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
+# is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
+# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
+# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
+# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1920
+ -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1969
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1971
+ -5:00 - EST 2006
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+#
+# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
+# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1951
+ -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1969
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
+ -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1976
+ -5:00 - EST 2006
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+#
+# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, and Perry Counties, Indiana,
+# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1969
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1971
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+#
+# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
+# then switched back in 2006.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1955
+ -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+#
+# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
+# then switched back in 2006.
+# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
+# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
+# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
+# 1991-10-27.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1947
+ -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+#
+# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
+# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1969
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1971
+ -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+#
+# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1969
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1973
+ -5:00 - EST 2006
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+
+# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
+# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
+Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1921
+ -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1968
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
+ -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+#
+# Wayne County, Kentucky
+#
+# From
+# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
+# Lake Cumberland LIFE
+# </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
+# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
+# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
+# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
+# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
+# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
+# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
+# location in the Central time zone.
+#
+# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
+# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
+# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
+# (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
+# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
+# The final rule was published in the
+# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
+# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
+# </a>
+#
+Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 - CST 1968
+ -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
+# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
+# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
+# previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
+# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
+# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
+# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
+# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
+# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
+# so omit that change for now.
+# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
+# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
+# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
+# 1999-10-31. See the
+# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
+# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
+# </a>
+# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
+# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
+# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
+
+# Michigan
+#
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
+# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
+# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
+# that Detroit kept
+#
+# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
+# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
+# city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
+# was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
+# erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
+# Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
+# by city vote.
+#
+# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
+# Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
+# one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
+# info, so omit this for now.
+#
+# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
+ -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1942
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1975
+ -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+#
+# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
+# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
+Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1946
+ -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
+ -6:00 US C%sT
+
+# Navassa
+# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
+# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
+# also claimed by Haiti
+# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
+# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
+# currently uninhabited
+# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
+# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
+# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
+
+################################################################################
+
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Other sources occasionally used include:
+#
+# Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
+# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
+# which I found in the UCLA library.
+#
+# <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
+# William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
+# </a> (1914-03)
+#
+# See the `europe' file for Greenland.
+
+# Canada
+
+# From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
+# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
+# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
+#
+# UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
+# offset French English French English
+# -2:30 - - HAT NDT
+# -3 - - HAA ADT
+# -3:30 HNT NST - -
+# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
+# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
+# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
+# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
+# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
+# -9 HNY YST - -
+#
+# HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
+# HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
+#
+# A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
+# C: du Centre Central
+# E: de l'Est Eastern
+# M: Mountain
+# N: Newfoundland
+# P: du Pacifique Pacific
+# R: des Rocheuses
+# T: de Terre-Neuve
+# Y: du Yukon Yukon
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
+# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
+# & Pottenger.
+
+# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
+# 2007-03-01):
+# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
+# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
+# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
+# http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
+# ...
+# Nova Scotia
+# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
+# http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
+#
+# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
+# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
+# http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
+# ...
+# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
+# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
+# http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
+# ...
+# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
+# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
+# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
+# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
+# ...
+# P.E.I. will follow US rules....
+# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
+# ...
+# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
+# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
+# ...
+# Yukon
+# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
+# ...
+# N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
+# does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
+# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
+# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
+# JavaScript.
+# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
+# ...
+# Nunavut
+# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
+# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
+# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
+# <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
+# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
+# </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
+# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
+#
+# INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
+# href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
+# information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
+# </a> (updated periodically).
+# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
+# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
+# new US DST rules,
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
+Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
+Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+
+
+# Newfoundland and Labrador
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
+# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
+# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
+# but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
+# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
+# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
+# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
+# Pottenger.
+Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
+# Whitman gives the following transitions:
+# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
+# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
+# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
+# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
+Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
+# at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
+Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
+Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
+Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
+#
+# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
+ -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
+ -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
+ -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
+ -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
+ -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
+ -3:30 StJohns N%sT
+
+# most of east Labrador
+
+# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
+ -3:30:52 - NST 1918
+ -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
+ -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
+ -3:30 - NST 1936
+ -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
+ -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
+ -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
+ -4:00 StJohns A%sT
+
+
+# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
+# Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
+# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
+# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
+# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
+# this is a typo.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT
+Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
+ -4:00 - AST 1972
+ -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT
+
+# New Brunswick
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
+# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
+# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
+# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
+# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
+# For now, assume it started in 1993.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
+Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
+ -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
+ -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
+ -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
+ -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT
+
+# Quebec
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
+# like Montreal.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
+# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
+# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
+# In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
+# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
+# that "The residents of the Municipality of the
+# Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
+# Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
+# written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
+# the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
+# <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
+# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
+# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
+# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
+Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
+# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
+# The rules below avoid use of 24:00
+# (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
+Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
+ -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
+ -4:00 - AST
+Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+
+
+# Ontario
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
+# Toronto.
+# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
+# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
+# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
+# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
+
+# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
+# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
+# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
+# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
+# have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
+# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
+# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
+# only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
+# presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
+# earlier in June).
+#
+# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
+# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
+# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
+# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
+# He also writes that the
+# <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
+# Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
+# </a>
+# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
+# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
+# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
+# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
+# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
+# violation of the official Ontario rules.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
+# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
+# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
+#
+# The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
+# This means they spend about half the time on central time and
+# the other half on eastern time.
+#
+# For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
+#
+# "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
+# Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
+# said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
+#
+# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
+# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
+
+# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
+# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
+# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
+# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
+# time keeping since 1952, at least.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
+# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
+# McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
+# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
+# ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
+# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
+# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
+# was meant.
+Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
+# Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
+# Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
+# (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
+Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
+# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
+# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
+# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
+Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
+# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
+# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
+# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
+# Saskatchewan, for one year."
+
+# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
+# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
+# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
+# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
+# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
+# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
+# include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
+# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
+# already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
+# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
+# months for the remainder of the war years.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
+ -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
+ -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
+ -6:00 - CST 1910
+ -5:00 - EST 1942
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
+ -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
+ -5:00 - EST 1974
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
+ -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
+ -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT
+Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
+ -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST
+
+
+# Manitoba
+
+# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
+# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
+# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
+# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
+# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
+# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
+# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
+# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
+# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
+# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
+# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
+# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
+# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
+# starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
+# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
+Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
+Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
+ -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT
+
+
+# Saskatchewan
+
+# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
+# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
+# level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
+# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
+# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
+# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
+# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
+# the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
+# time was noted.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
+# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
+# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
+# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
+# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
+# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
+
+# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
+# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
+# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
+# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
+# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
+#
+# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
+# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
+# their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
+# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
+#
+# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
+# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
+# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
+# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
+# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
+# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
+# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
+#
+# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
+# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
+# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
+# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
+# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
+# since sometime in the 1960s.
+
+# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
+# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
+# long and rather painful to read.
+# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+#
+Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
+ -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
+ -6:00 - CST
+Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
+ -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
+ -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
+ -6:00 - CST
+
+
+# Alberta
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
+ -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
+
+
+# British Columbia
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
+# been like Vancouver.
+# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
+ -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT
+Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
+ -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
+ -7:00 - MST
+
+
+# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
+# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
+# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
+# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
+# see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
+# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
+# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
+# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
+# Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
+# with Englander.
+# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
+# Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
+# act which was last updated in 1987:
+# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
+# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
+# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
+# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
+# </a>
+#
+# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
+# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
+# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
+# <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
+# Basic Facts: The New Territory
+# </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
+# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
+# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
+
+# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
+# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
+# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
+#
+# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
+#
+# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
+# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
+#
+# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
+#
+# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
+#
+# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
+# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
+# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
+# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
+# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
+# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
+# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
+# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
+# the current state of affairs.
+
+# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
+# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
+# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
+# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
+# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
+# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
+# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
+# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
+# for these potential new Zones.
+#
+# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
+# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
+# zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
+# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
+# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
+# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
+# required to use daylight savings.
+
+# From
+# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
+# Nunavut now has two time zones
+# </a> (2000-11-10):
+# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
+# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
+# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
+# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
+# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
+# the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
+# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
+# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
+# unified time zone in 1999.
+#
+# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
+# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
+# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
+# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
+# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
+# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
+# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
+# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
+# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
+# more.
+# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
+# According to maps at
+# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
+# http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
+# (both dated 2003), and
+# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
+# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
+# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
+# round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
+# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
+# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
+# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
+# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
+# daylight saving only during wartime.
+
+# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
+# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
+# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
+# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
+# daylight saving....
+# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
+
+# From Chris Walton (2007-03-14):
+# Today I phoned the "hamlet office" to find out what Resolute was doing with
+# its clocks.
+#
+# The individual that answered the phone confirmed that the clocks did not
+# move at the end of daylight saving on October 29/2006. He also told me that
+# the clocks did not move this past weekend (March 11/2007)....
+#
+# America/Resolute should use the "Canada" Rule up to October 29/2006.
+# After that it should be fixed on Eastern Standard Time until further notice.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
+Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
+Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
+Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
+Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# aka Panniqtuuq
+Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est.
+ -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+# formerly Frobisher Bay
+Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
+ -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 Canada E%sT
+# aka Qausuittuq
+Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
+ -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST
+# aka Kangiqiniq
+Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
+ -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT
+# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
+Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.?
+ -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
+ -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
+ -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
+Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
+ -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
+Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded
+ -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
+ -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
+ -7:00 Canada M%sT
+Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
+ -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
+ -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT
+Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
+ -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
+ -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
+ -8:00 Canada P%sT
+
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Mexico
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
+# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
+# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
+# <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
+# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
+# </a>.
+#
+# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
+# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
+# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
+# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
+# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
+# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
+# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
+# tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
+# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
+# the relevant documents.
+
+# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
+# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
+# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
+#
+# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
+#
+# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
+# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
+#
+# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
+# - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
+# - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
+# - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
+#
+# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
+# at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
+# BajaNorte: GMT+7
+# BajaSur: GMT+6
+# General: GMT+5
+#
+# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
+# BajaNorte: GMT+8
+# BajaSur: GMT+7
+# General: GMT+6
+#
+# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
+#
+# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
+# For an English translation of the decree, see
+# <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
+# ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
+# </a>
+
+# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
+# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
+# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
+# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
+# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
+# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
+# Arizona year round.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard, translating
+# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
+# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
+# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
+# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
+# whole year.
+
+# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
+# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
+# (translated):...
+# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
+# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
+# this year....
+# <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
+# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
+# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
+# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
+# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
+# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
+# ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
+# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
+# the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
+# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
+
+# <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
+# Official statute published by the Energy Department
+# </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
+# and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
+#
+# <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
+# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
+# </a>
+# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
+# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
+# the Federal District will not adopt DST.
+# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
+# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
+# the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
+#
+# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
+# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
+# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
+# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
+# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
+# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
+# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
+# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
+# September 30, 2001.
+# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
+# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
+
+# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
+# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
+# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
+# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
+# next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
+# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
+# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
+# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
+# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
+# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
+# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
+# confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
+Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+# Quintana Roo
+Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
+ -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
+ -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Campeche, Yucatan
+Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
+ -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
+ -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
+Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
+ -6:00 - CST 1988
+ -6:00 US C%sT 1989
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Central Mexico
+Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
+ -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT
+# Chihuahua
+Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 - CST 1996
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
+ -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
+ -7:00 Mexico M%sT
+# Sonora
+Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
+ -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
+ -8:00 - PST 1970
+ -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
+ -7:00 - MST
+# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
+Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
+ -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
+ -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
+ -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
+ -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
+ -8:00 - PST 1970
+ -7:00 Mexico M%sT
+# Baja California
+Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
+ -7:00 - MST 1924
+ -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
+ -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
+ -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
+ -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
+ -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
+ -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
+ -8:00 - PST 1954
+ -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
+ -8:00 - PST 1976
+ -8:00 US P%sT 1996
+ -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
+ -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
+ -8:00 Mexico P%sT
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
+# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
+# through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
+# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
+# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
+# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
+# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
+# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
+# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
+# name or contents should be.
+#
+# Revillagigedo Is
+# no information
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Anguilla
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Antigua and Barbuda
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
+ -5:00 - EST 1951
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Bahamas
+#
+# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
+# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
+# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
+# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Bahamas 1964 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
+ -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
+ -5:00 US E%sT
+
+# Barbados
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
+Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
+Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
+ -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
+ -4:00 Barb A%sT
+
+# Belize
+# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
+Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
+Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
+Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
+ -6:00 Belize C%sT
+
+# Bermuda
+
+# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
+
+# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
+# in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
+# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
+# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
+# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
+ -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
+ -4:00 Bahamas A%sT 1976
+ -4:00 US A%sT
+
+# Cayman Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
+ -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+ -5:00 - EST
+
+# Costa Rica
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
+# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
+# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
+Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
+# There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
+ -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
+ -6:00 CR C%sT
+# Coco
+# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
+
+# Cuba
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
+# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
+# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
+# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
+# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
+# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
+# Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
+# sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
+# to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
+# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
+
+# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
+# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
+# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
+# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
+# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
+# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
+
+# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
+# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
+# adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
+# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
+# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
+# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
+# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
+# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
+# watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
+# to the normal schedule....
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
+# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html, dated yesterday,
+# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
+# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
+# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 2000 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 2006 only - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
+Rule Cuba 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Cuba 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
+ -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
+ -5:00 Cuba C%sT
+
+# Dominica
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Dominican Republic
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
+# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
+# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
+# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
+# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
+# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
+# November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
+# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
+# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
+# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
+# to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
+# decided to revert.
+
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
+Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
+Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
+Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
+Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
+ -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
+ -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
+ -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# El Salvador
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
+# instead of America/San_Salvador.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
+ -6:00 Salv C%sT
+
+# Grenada
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Guadeloupe
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Guatemala
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
+# Diario Co Latino, at
+# http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
+# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
+# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
+# impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
+# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
+# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
+# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
+# <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
+Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
+Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
+Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
+ -6:00 Guat C%sT
+
+# Haiti
+# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
+# Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
+# I searched for confirmation, and I found a
+# <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
+# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
+# </a>. Translated from French, it says:
+#
+# "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
+# and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
+# Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
+# provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
+# Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
+#
+# "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
+# the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
+# starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
+# October 2005.
+#
+# "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
+# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
+# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
+# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
+# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
+#
+# I have found this article about it (in French):
+# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
+#
+# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
+
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
+# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
+# Go with IATA.
+Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
+Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
+Rule Haiti 2005 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Haiti 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
+ -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
+ -5:00 Haiti E%sT
+
+# Honduras
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
+# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
+# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
+# months until September. La Tribuna reported today
+# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
+# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
+# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
+# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
+# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
+# <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
+# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
+# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
+# published, I have located this authoritative source:
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule Hond 2006 2009 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Hond 2006 2009 - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
+ -6:00 Hond C%sT
+#
+# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
+
+# Jamaica
+
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# Follows US rules.
+
+# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
+# JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
+ -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+ -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
+ -5:00 US E%sT 1984
+ -5:00 - EST
+
+# Martinique
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
+ -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
+ -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
+ -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Montserrat
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
+# world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Nicaragua
+#
+# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
+# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
+# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
+# expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
+# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
+# Some background information is available on the President's official site:
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
+# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
+# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
+# assume that it is daylight saving....
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
+# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
+# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
+# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
+# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
+# during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
+# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
+# since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
+# changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
+# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
+# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
+# (2005-09-26)
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
+# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
+# (my informal translation)
+# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
+# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
+# morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
+# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
+# My informal translation runs:
+# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
+# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
+#
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
+Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
+Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
+ -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
+ -6:00 - CST 1973 May
+ -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
+ -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
+ -6:00 - CST 1993
+ -5:00 - EST 1997
+ -6:00 Nic C%sT
+
+# Panama
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
+ -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
+ -5:00 - EST
+
+# Puerto Rico
+# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
+ -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
+ -4:00 US A%sT 1946
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# St Kitts-Nevis
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# St Lucia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
+ -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# St Pierre and Miquelon
+# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
+ -4:00 - AST 1980 May
+ -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
+ -3:00 Canada PM%sT
+
+# St Vincent and the Grenadines
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
+ -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Turks and Caicos
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
+# says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
+Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
+Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
+ -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
+ -5:00 TC E%sT
+
+# British Virgin Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Virgin Is
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
+ -4:00 - AST
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)pacificnew 8.1
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (1989-04-05):
+# On 1989-04-05, the U. S. House of Representatives passed (238-154) a bill
+# establishing "Pacific Presidential Election Time"; it was not acted on
+# by the Senate or signed into law by the President.
+# You might want to change the "PE" (Presidential Election) below to
+# "Q" (Quadrennial) to maintain three-character zone abbreviations.
+# If you're really conservative, you might want to change it to "D".
+# Avoid "L" (Leap Year), which won't be true in 2100.
+
+# If Presidential Election Time is ever established, replace "XXXX" below
+# with the year the law takes effect and uncomment the "##" lines.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+## Rule Twilite XXXX max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
+## Rule Twilite XXXX max uspres Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 PE
+## Rule Twilite XXXX max uspres Nov Sun>=7 2:00 0 S
+## Rule Twilite XXXX max nonpres Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+## Zone America/Los_Angeles-PET -8:00 US P%sT XXXX
+## -8:00 Twilite P%sT
+
+# For now...
+Link America/Los_Angeles US/Pacific-New ##
--- /dev/null
+#ifndef PRIVATE_H
+
+#define PRIVATE_H
+
+/*
+** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+** 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
+*/
+
+/*
+** This header is for use ONLY with the time conversion code.
+** There is no guarantee that it will remain unchanged,
+** or that it will remain at all.
+** Do NOT copy it to any system include directory.
+** Thank you!
+*/
+
+/*
+** ID
+*/
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char privatehid[] = "@(#)private.h 7.55";
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+#define GRANDPARENTED "Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page"
+
+/*
+** Defaults for preprocessor symbols.
+** You can override these in your C compiler options, e.g. `-DHAVE_ADJTIME=0'.
+*/
+
+#ifndef HAVE_ADJTIME
+#define HAVE_ADJTIME 1
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_ADJTIME */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_GETTEXT
+#define HAVE_GETTEXT 0
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_GETTEXT */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R
+#define HAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R 0
+#endif /* !defined INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY
+#define HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY 3
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRERROR
+#define HAVE_STRERROR 1
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_STRERROR */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SYMLINK
+#define HAVE_SYMLINK 1
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_SYMLINK */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
+#define HAVE_SYS_STAT_H 1
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_SYS_STAT_H */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H
+#define HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H 1
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#define HAVE_UNISTD_H 1
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_UNISTD_H */
+
+#ifndef HAVE_UTMPX_H
+#define HAVE_UTMPX_H 0
+#endif /* !defined HAVE_UTMPX_H */
+
+#ifndef LOCALE_HOME
+#define LOCALE_HOME "/usr/lib/locale"
+#endif /* !defined LOCALE_HOME */
+
+#if HAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R
+#define asctime_r _incompatible_asctime_r
+#define ctime_r _incompatible_ctime_r
+#endif /* HAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R */
+
+/*
+** Nested includes
+*/
+
+#include "sys/types.h" /* for time_t */
+#include "stdio.h"
+#include "errno.h"
+#include "string.h"
+#include "limits.h" /* for CHAR_BIT */
+#include "time.h"
+#include "stdlib.h"
+
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+#include "libintl.h"
+#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT */
+
+#if HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H
+#include <sys/wait.h> /* for WIFEXITED and WEXITSTATUS */
+#endif /* HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H */
+
+#ifndef WIFEXITED
+#define WIFEXITED(status) (((status) & 0xff) == 0)
+#endif /* !defined WIFEXITED */
+#ifndef WEXITSTATUS
+#define WEXITSTATUS(status) (((status) >> 8) & 0xff)
+#endif /* !defined WEXITSTATUS */
+
+#if HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#include "unistd.h" /* for F_OK and R_OK */
+#endif /* HAVE_UNISTD_H */
+
+#if !HAVE_UNISTD_H
+#ifndef F_OK
+#define F_OK 0
+#endif /* !defined F_OK */
+#ifndef R_OK
+#define R_OK 4
+#endif /* !defined R_OK */
+#endif /* !HAVE_UNISTD_H */
+
+/* Unlike <ctype.h>'s isdigit, this also works if c < 0 | c > UCHAR_MAX. */
+#define is_digit(c) ((unsigned)(c) - '0' <= 9)
+
+/*
+** Workarounds for compilers/systems.
+*/
+
+/*
+** SunOS 4.1.1 cc lacks prototypes.
+*/
+
+#ifndef P
+#if __STDC__
+#define P(x) x
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+#define P(x) ()
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+#endif /* !defined P */
+
+/*
+** SunOS 4.1.1 headers lack EXIT_SUCCESS.
+*/
+
+#ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS
+#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
+#endif /* !defined EXIT_SUCCESS */
+
+/*
+** SunOS 4.1.1 headers lack EXIT_FAILURE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef EXIT_FAILURE
+#define EXIT_FAILURE 1
+#endif /* !defined EXIT_FAILURE */
+
+/*
+** SunOS 4.1.1 headers lack FILENAME_MAX.
+*/
+
+#ifndef FILENAME_MAX
+
+#ifndef MAXPATHLEN
+#ifdef unix
+#include "sys/param.h"
+#endif /* defined unix */
+#endif /* !defined MAXPATHLEN */
+
+#ifdef MAXPATHLEN
+#define FILENAME_MAX MAXPATHLEN
+#endif /* defined MAXPATHLEN */
+#ifndef MAXPATHLEN
+#define FILENAME_MAX 1024 /* Pure guesswork */
+#endif /* !defined MAXPATHLEN */
+
+#endif /* !defined FILENAME_MAX */
+
+/*
+** SunOS 4.1.1 libraries lack remove.
+*/
+
+#ifndef remove
+extern int unlink P((const char * filename));
+#define remove unlink
+#endif /* !defined remove */
+
+/*
+** Some ancient errno.h implementations don't declare errno.
+** But some newer errno.h implementations define it as a macro.
+** Fix the former without affecting the latter.
+*/
+
+#ifndef errno
+extern int errno;
+#endif /* !defined errno */
+
+/*
+** Some time.h implementations don't declare asctime_r.
+** Others might define it as a macro.
+** Fix the former without affecting the latter.
+*/
+
+#ifndef asctime_r
+extern char * asctime_r();
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Private function declarations.
+*/
+
+char * icalloc P((int nelem, int elsize));
+char * icatalloc P((char * old, const char * new));
+char * icpyalloc P((const char * string));
+char * imalloc P((int n));
+void * irealloc P((void * pointer, int size));
+void icfree P((char * pointer));
+void ifree P((char * pointer));
+const char *scheck P((const char *string, const char *format));
+
+/*
+** Finally, some convenience items.
+*/
+
+#ifndef TRUE
+#define TRUE 1
+#endif /* !defined TRUE */
+
+#ifndef FALSE
+#define FALSE 0
+#endif /* !defined FALSE */
+
+#ifndef TYPE_BIT
+#define TYPE_BIT(type) (sizeof (type) * CHAR_BIT)
+#endif /* !defined TYPE_BIT */
+
+#ifndef TYPE_SIGNED
+#define TYPE_SIGNED(type) (((type) -1) < 0)
+#endif /* !defined TYPE_SIGNED */
+
+/*
+** Since the definition of TYPE_INTEGRAL contains floating point numbers,
+** it cannot be used in preprocessor directives.
+*/
+
+#ifndef TYPE_INTEGRAL
+#define TYPE_INTEGRAL(type) (((type) 0.5) != 0.5)
+#endif /* !defined TYPE_INTEGRAL */
+
+#ifndef INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM
+/*
+** 302 / 1000 is log10(2.0) rounded up.
+** Subtract one for the sign bit if the type is signed;
+** add one for integer division truncation;
+** add one more for a minus sign if the type is signed.
+*/
+#define INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(type) \
+ ((TYPE_BIT(type) - TYPE_SIGNED(type)) * 302 / 1000 + \
+ 1 + TYPE_SIGNED(type))
+#endif /* !defined INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM */
+
+/*
+** INITIALIZE(x)
+*/
+
+#ifndef GNUC_or_lint
+#ifdef lint
+#define GNUC_or_lint
+#endif /* defined lint */
+#ifndef lint
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define GNUC_or_lint
+#endif /* defined __GNUC__ */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+#endif /* !defined GNUC_or_lint */
+
+#ifndef INITIALIZE
+#ifdef GNUC_or_lint
+#define INITIALIZE(x) ((x) = 0)
+#endif /* defined GNUC_or_lint */
+#ifndef GNUC_or_lint
+#define INITIALIZE(x)
+#endif /* !defined GNUC_or_lint */
+#endif /* !defined INITIALIZE */
+
+/*
+** For the benefit of GNU folk...
+** `_(MSGID)' uses the current locale's message library string for MSGID.
+** The default is to use gettext if available, and use MSGID otherwise.
+*/
+
+#ifndef _
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+#define _(msgid) gettext(msgid)
+#else /* !HAVE_GETTEXT */
+#define _(msgid) msgid
+#endif /* !HAVE_GETTEXT */
+#endif /* !defined _ */
+
+#ifndef TZ_DOMAIN
+#define TZ_DOMAIN "tz"
+#endif /* !defined TZ_DOMAIN */
+
+#if HAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R
+#undef asctime_r
+#undef ctime_r
+char *asctime_r P((struct tm const *, char *));
+char *ctime_r P((time_t const *, char *));
+#endif /* HAVE_INCOMPATIBLE_CTIME_R */
+
+/*
+** UNIX was a registered trademark of The Open Group in 2003.
+*/
+
+#endif /* !defined PRIVATE_H */
--- /dev/null
+#
+
+/*LINTLIBRARY*/
+
+#include "stdio.h"
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)scheck.c 7.15";
+#endif /* !NOID */
+#endif /* !lint */
+
+#include "ctype.h"
+
+extern char * imalloc();
+
+char *
+scheck(string, format)
+char * string;
+char * format;
+{
+ register char * fbuf;
+ register char * fp;
+ register char * tp;
+ register int c;
+ register char * result;
+ char dummy;
+
+ result = "";
+ if (string == NULL || format == NULL)
+ return result;
+ fbuf = imalloc(2 * strlen(format) + 4);
+ if (fbuf == NULL)
+ return result;
+ fp = format;
+ tp = fbuf;
+ while ((*tp++ = c = *fp++) != '\0') {
+ if (c != '%')
+ continue;
+ if (*fp == '%') {
+ *tp++ = *fp++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ *tp++ = '*';
+ if (*fp == '*')
+ ++fp;
+ while (isascii(*fp) && isdigit(*fp))
+ *tp++ = *fp++;
+ if (*fp == 'l' || *fp == 'h')
+ *tp++ = *fp++;
+ else if (*fp == '[')
+ do *tp++ = *fp++;
+ while (*fp != '\0' && *fp != ']');
+ if ((*tp++ = *fp++) == '\0')
+ break;
+ }
+ *(tp - 1) = '%';
+ *tp++ = 'c';
+ *tp = '\0';
+ if (sscanf(string, fbuf, &dummy) != 1)
+ result = format;
+ free(fbuf);
+ return result;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)solar87 8.1
+
+# So much for footnotes about Saudi Arabia.
+# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; your mileage will vary.
+# Times were computed using formulas in the U.S. Naval Observatory's
+# Almanac for Computers 1987; the formulas "will give EqT to an accuracy of
+# [plus or minus two] seconds during the current year."
+#
+# Rounding to the nearest five seconds results in fewer than
+# 256 different "time types"--a limit that's faced because time types are
+# stored on disk as unsigned chars.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 1 12:03:20s -0:03:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 2 12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 3 12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 4 12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 5 12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 6 12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 7 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 8 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 9 12:06:55s -0:06:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 10 12:07:20s -0:07:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 11 12:07:45s -0:07:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 12 12:08:10s -0:08:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 13 12:08:30s -0:08:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 14 12:08:55s -0:08:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 15 12:09:15s -0:09:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 16 12:09:35s -0:09:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 17 12:09:55s -0:09:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 18 12:10:15s -0:10:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 19 12:10:35s -0:10:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 20 12:10:55s -0:10:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 21 12:11:10s -0:11:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 22 12:11:30s -0:11:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 23 12:11:45s -0:11:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 24 12:12:00s -0:12:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 25 12:12:15s -0:12:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 26 12:12:30s -0:12:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 27 12:12:40s -0:12:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 28 12:12:55s -0:12:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 29 12:13:05s -0:13:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 30 12:13:15s -0:13:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jan 31 12:13:25s -0:13:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 1 12:13:35s -0:13:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 2 12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 3 12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 4 12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 5 12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 6 12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 7 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 8 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 9 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 10 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 11 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 12 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 13 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 14 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 15 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 16 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 17 12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 18 12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 19 12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 20 12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 21 12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 22 12:13:35s -0:13:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 23 12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 24 12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 25 12:13:10s -0:13:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 26 12:13:00s -0:13:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 27 12:12:50s -0:12:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Feb 28 12:12:40s -0:12:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 1 12:12:30s -0:12:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 2 12:12:20s -0:12:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 3 12:12:05s -0:12:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 4 12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 5 12:11:40s -0:11:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 6 12:11:25s -0:11:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 7 12:11:15s -0:11:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 8 12:11:00s -0:11:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 9 12:10:45s -0:10:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 10 12:10:30s -0:10:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 11 12:10:15s -0:10:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 12 12:09:55s -0:09:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 13 12:09:40s -0:09:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 14 12:09:25s -0:09:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 15 12:09:10s -0:09:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 16 12:08:50s -0:08:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 17 12:08:35s -0:08:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 18 12:08:15s -0:08:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 19 12:08:00s -0:08:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 20 12:07:40s -0:07:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 21 12:07:25s -0:07:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 22 12:07:05s -0:07:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 23 12:06:50s -0:06:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 24 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 25 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 26 12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 27 12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 28 12:05:15s -0:05:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 29 12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 30 12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Mar 31 12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 1 12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 2 12:03:45s -0:03:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 3 12:03:30s -0:03:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 4 12:03:10s -0:03:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 5 12:02:55s -0:02:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 6 12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 7 12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 8 12:02:05s -0:02:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 9 12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 10 12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 11 12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 12 12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 13 12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 14 12:00:25s -0:00:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 15 12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 16 11:59:55s 0:00:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 17 11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 18 11:59:30s 0:00:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 19 11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 20 11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 21 11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 22 11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 23 11:58:25s 0:01:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 24 11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 25 11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 26 11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 27 11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 28 11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 29 11:57:25s 0:02:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Apr 30 11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 1 11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 2 11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 3 11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 4 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 5 11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 6 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 7 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 8 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 9 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 10 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 11 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 12 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 13 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 14 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 15 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 16 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 17 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 18 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 19 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 20 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 21 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 22 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 23 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 24 11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 25 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 26 11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 27 11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 28 11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 29 11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 30 11:57:25s 0:02:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - May 31 11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 1 11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 2 11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 3 11:58:00s 0:02:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 4 11:58:10s 0:01:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 5 11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 6 11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 7 11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 8 11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 9 11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 10 11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 11 11:59:30s 0:00:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 12 11:59:40s 0:00:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 13 11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 14 12:00:05s -0:00:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 15 12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 16 12:00:30s -0:00:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 17 12:00:45s -0:00:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 18 12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 19 12:01:10s -0:01:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 20 12:01:20s -0:01:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 21 12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 22 12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 23 12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 24 12:02:15s -0:02:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 25 12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 26 12:02:40s -0:02:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 27 12:02:50s -0:02:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 28 12:03:05s -0:03:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 29 12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jun 30 12:03:30s -0:03:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 1 12:03:40s -0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 2 12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 3 12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 4 12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 5 12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 6 12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 7 12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 8 12:04:55s -0:04:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 9 12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 10 12:05:15s -0:05:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 11 12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 12 12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 13 12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 14 12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 15 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 16 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 17 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 18 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 19 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 20 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 21 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 22 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 23 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 24 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 25 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 26 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 27 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 28 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 29 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 30 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Jul 31 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 1 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 2 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 3 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 4 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 5 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 6 12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 7 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 8 12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 9 12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 10 12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 11 12:05:15s -0:05:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 12 12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 13 12:04:55s -0:04:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 14 12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 15 12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 16 12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 17 12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 18 12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 19 12:03:45s -0:03:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 20 12:03:30s -0:03:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 21 12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 22 12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 23 12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 24 12:02:30s -0:02:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 25 12:02:15s -0:02:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 26 12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 27 12:01:40s -0:01:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 28 12:01:25s -0:01:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 29 12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 30 12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Aug 31 12:00:30s -0:00:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 1 12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 2 11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 3 11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 4 11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 5 11:58:55s 0:01:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 6 11:58:35s 0:01:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 7 11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 8 11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 9 11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 10 11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 11 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 12 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 13 11:56:10s 0:03:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 14 11:55:45s 0:04:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 15 11:55:25s 0:04:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 16 11:55:05s 0:04:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 17 11:54:45s 0:05:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 18 11:54:20s 0:05:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 19 11:54:00s 0:06:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 20 11:53:40s 0:06:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 21 11:53:15s 0:06:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 22 11:52:55s 0:07:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 23 11:52:35s 0:07:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 24 11:52:15s 0:07:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 25 11:51:55s 0:08:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 26 11:51:35s 0:08:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 27 11:51:10s 0:08:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 28 11:50:50s 0:09:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 29 11:50:30s 0:09:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Sep 30 11:50:10s 0:09:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 1 11:49:50s 0:10:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 2 11:49:35s 0:10:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 3 11:49:15s 0:10:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 4 11:48:55s 0:11:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 5 11:48:35s 0:11:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 6 11:48:20s 0:11:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 7 11:48:00s 0:12:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 8 11:47:45s 0:12:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 9 11:47:25s 0:12:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 10 11:47:10s 0:12:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 11 11:46:55s 0:13:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 12 11:46:40s 0:13:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 13 11:46:25s 0:13:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 14 11:46:10s 0:13:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 15 11:45:55s 0:14:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 16 11:45:45s 0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 17 11:45:30s 0:14:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 18 11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 19 11:45:05s 0:14:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 20 11:44:55s 0:15:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 21 11:44:45s 0:15:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 22 11:44:35s 0:15:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 23 11:44:25s 0:15:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 24 11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 25 11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 26 11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 27 11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 28 11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 29 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 30 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Oct 31 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 1 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 2 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 3 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 4 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 5 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 6 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 7 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 8 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 9 11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 10 11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 11 11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 12 11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 13 11:44:15s 0:15:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 14 11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 15 11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 16 11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 17 11:44:50s 0:15:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 18 11:45:05s 0:14:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 19 11:45:15s 0:14:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 20 11:45:30s 0:14:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 21 11:45:45s 0:14:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 22 11:46:00s 0:14:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 23 11:46:15s 0:13:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 24 11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 25 11:46:50s 0:13:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 26 11:47:10s 0:12:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 27 11:47:25s 0:12:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 28 11:47:45s 0:12:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 29 11:48:05s 0:11:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Nov 30 11:48:30s 0:11:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 1 11:48:50s 0:11:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 2 11:49:10s 0:10:50 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 3 11:49:35s 0:10:25 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 4 11:50:00s 0:10:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 5 11:50:25s 0:09:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 6 11:50:50s 0:09:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 7 11:51:15s 0:08:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 8 11:51:40s 0:08:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 9 11:52:05s 0:07:55 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 10 11:52:30s 0:07:30 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 11 11:53:00s 0:07:00 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 12 11:53:25s 0:06:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 13 11:53:55s 0:06:05 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 14 11:54:25s 0:05:35 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 15 11:54:50s 0:05:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 16 11:55:20s 0:04:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 17 11:55:50s 0:04:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 18 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 19 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 20 11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 21 11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 22 11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 23 11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 24 11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 25 11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 26 12:00:20s -0:00:20 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 27 12:00:45s -0:00:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 28 12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 29 12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 30 12:02:15s -0:02:15 -
+Rule sol87 1987 only - Dec 31 12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
+
+# Riyadh is at about 46 degrees 46 minutes East: 3 hrs, 7 mins, 4 secs
+# Before and after 1987, we'll operate on local mean solar time.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Riyadh87 3:07:04 - zzz 1987
+ 3:07:04 sol87 zzz 1988
+ 3:07:04 - zzz
+# For backward compatibility...
+Link Asia/Riyadh87 Mideast/Riyadh87
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)solar88 8.1
+
+# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; they're a bit off for other places.
+# Times were computed using formulas in the U.S. Naval Observatory's
+# Almanac for Computers 1988; the formulas "will give EqT to an accuracy of
+# [plus or minus two] seconds during the current year."
+#
+# Rounding to the nearest five seconds results in fewer than
+# 256 different "time types"--a limit that's faced because time types are
+# stored on disk as unsigned chars.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 1 12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 2 12:03:40s -0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 3 12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 4 12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 5 12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 6 12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 7 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 8 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 9 12:06:50s -0:06:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 10 12:07:15s -0:07:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 11 12:07:40s -0:07:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 12 12:08:05s -0:08:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 13 12:08:25s -0:08:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 14 12:08:50s -0:08:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 15 12:09:10s -0:09:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 16 12:09:30s -0:09:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 17 12:09:50s -0:09:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 18 12:10:10s -0:10:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 19 12:10:30s -0:10:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 20 12:10:50s -0:10:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 21 12:11:05s -0:11:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 22 12:11:25s -0:11:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 23 12:11:40s -0:11:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 24 12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 25 12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 26 12:12:25s -0:12:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 27 12:12:40s -0:12:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 28 12:12:50s -0:12:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 29 12:13:00s -0:13:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 30 12:13:10s -0:13:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jan 31 12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 1 12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 2 12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 3 12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 4 12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 5 12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 6 12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 7 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 8 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 9 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 10 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 11 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 12 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 13 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 14 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 15 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 16 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 17 12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 18 12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 19 12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 20 12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 21 12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 22 12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 23 12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 24 12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 25 12:13:15s -0:13:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 26 12:13:05s -0:13:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 27 12:12:55s -0:12:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 28 12:12:45s -0:12:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Feb 29 12:12:30s -0:12:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 1 12:12:20s -0:12:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 2 12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 3 12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 4 12:11:45s -0:11:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 5 12:11:30s -0:11:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 6 12:11:15s -0:11:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 7 12:11:00s -0:11:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 8 12:10:45s -0:10:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 9 12:10:30s -0:10:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 10 12:10:15s -0:10:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 11 12:10:00s -0:10:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 12 12:09:45s -0:09:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 13 12:09:30s -0:09:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 14 12:09:10s -0:09:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 15 12:08:55s -0:08:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 16 12:08:40s -0:08:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 17 12:08:20s -0:08:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 18 12:08:05s -0:08:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 19 12:07:45s -0:07:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 20 12:07:30s -0:07:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 21 12:07:10s -0:07:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 22 12:06:50s -0:06:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 23 12:06:35s -0:06:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 24 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 25 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 26 12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 27 12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 28 12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 29 12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 30 12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Mar 31 12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 1 12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 2 12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 3 12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 4 12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 5 12:02:40s -0:02:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 6 12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 7 12:02:05s -0:02:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 8 12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 9 12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 10 12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 11 12:01:00s -0:01:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 12 12:00:45s -0:00:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 13 12:00:30s -0:00:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 14 12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 15 12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 16 11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 17 11:59:30s 0:00:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 18 11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 19 11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 20 11:58:55s 0:01:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 21 11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 22 11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 23 11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 24 11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 25 11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 26 11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 27 11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 28 11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 29 11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Apr 30 11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 1 11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 2 11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 3 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 4 11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 5 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 6 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 7 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 8 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 9 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 10 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 11 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 12 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 13 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 14 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 15 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 16 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 17 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 18 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 19 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 20 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 21 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 22 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 23 11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 24 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 25 11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 26 11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 27 11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 28 11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 29 11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 30 11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - May 31 11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 1 11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 2 11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 3 11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 4 11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 5 11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 6 11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 7 11:58:50s 0:01:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 8 11:59:00s 0:01:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 9 11:59:15s 0:00:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 10 11:59:25s 0:00:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 11 11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 12 11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 13 12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 14 12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 15 12:00:25s -0:00:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 16 12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 17 12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 18 12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 19 12:01:20s -0:01:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 20 12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 21 12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 22 12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 23 12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 24 12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 25 12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 26 12:02:50s -0:02:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 27 12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 28 12:03:15s -0:03:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 29 12:03:25s -0:03:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jun 30 12:03:40s -0:03:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 1 12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 2 12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 3 12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 4 12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 5 12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 6 12:04:45s -0:04:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 7 12:04:55s -0:04:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 8 12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 9 12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 10 12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 11 12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 12 12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 13 12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 14 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 15 12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 16 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 17 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 18 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 19 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 20 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 21 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 22 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 23 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 24 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 25 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 26 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 27 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 28 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 29 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 30 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Jul 31 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 1 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 2 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 3 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 4 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 5 12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 6 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 7 12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 8 12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 9 12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 10 12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 11 12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 12 12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 13 12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 14 12:04:35s -0:04:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 15 12:04:25s -0:04:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 16 12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 17 12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 18 12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 19 12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 20 12:03:20s -0:03:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 21 12:03:05s -0:03:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 22 12:02:50s -0:02:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 23 12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 24 12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 25 12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 26 12:01:45s -0:01:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 27 12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 28 12:01:10s -0:01:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 29 12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 30 12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Aug 31 12:00:15s -0:00:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 1 11:59:55s 0:00:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 2 11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 3 11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 4 11:59:00s 0:01:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 5 11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 6 11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 7 11:58:00s 0:02:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 8 11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 9 11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 10 11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 11 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 12 11:56:15s 0:03:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 13 11:55:50s 0:04:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 14 11:55:30s 0:04:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 15 11:55:10s 0:04:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 16 11:54:50s 0:05:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 17 11:54:25s 0:05:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 18 11:54:05s 0:05:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 19 11:53:45s 0:06:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 20 11:53:25s 0:06:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 21 11:53:00s 0:07:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 22 11:52:40s 0:07:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 23 11:52:20s 0:07:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 24 11:52:00s 0:08:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 25 11:51:40s 0:08:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 26 11:51:15s 0:08:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 27 11:50:55s 0:09:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 28 11:50:35s 0:09:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 29 11:50:15s 0:09:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Sep 30 11:49:55s 0:10:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 1 11:49:35s 0:10:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 2 11:49:20s 0:10:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 3 11:49:00s 0:11:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 4 11:48:40s 0:11:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 5 11:48:25s 0:11:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 6 11:48:05s 0:11:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 7 11:47:50s 0:12:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 8 11:47:30s 0:12:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 9 11:47:15s 0:12:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 10 11:47:00s 0:13:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 11 11:46:45s 0:13:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 12 11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 13 11:46:15s 0:13:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 14 11:46:00s 0:14:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 15 11:45:45s 0:14:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 16 11:45:35s 0:14:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 17 11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 18 11:45:10s 0:14:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 19 11:45:00s 0:15:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 20 11:44:45s 0:15:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 21 11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 22 11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 23 11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 24 11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 25 11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 26 11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 27 11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 28 11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 29 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 30 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Oct 31 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 1 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 2 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 3 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 4 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 5 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 6 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 7 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 8 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 9 11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 10 11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 11 11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 12 11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 13 11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 14 11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 15 11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 16 11:44:50s 0:15:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 17 11:45:00s 0:15:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 18 11:45:15s 0:14:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 19 11:45:25s 0:14:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 20 11:45:40s 0:14:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 21 11:45:55s 0:14:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 22 11:46:10s 0:13:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 23 11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 24 11:46:45s 0:13:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 25 11:47:05s 0:12:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 26 11:47:20s 0:12:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 27 11:47:40s 0:12:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 28 11:48:00s 0:12:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 29 11:48:25s 0:11:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Nov 30 11:48:45s 0:11:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 1 11:49:05s 0:10:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 2 11:49:30s 0:10:30 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 3 11:49:55s 0:10:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 4 11:50:15s 0:09:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 5 11:50:40s 0:09:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 6 11:51:05s 0:08:55 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 7 11:51:35s 0:08:25 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 8 11:52:00s 0:08:00 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 9 11:52:25s 0:07:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 10 11:52:55s 0:07:05 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 11 11:53:20s 0:06:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 12 11:53:50s 0:06:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 13 11:54:15s 0:05:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 14 11:54:45s 0:05:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 15 11:55:15s 0:04:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 16 11:55:45s 0:04:15 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 17 11:56:15s 0:03:45 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 18 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 19 11:57:10s 0:02:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 20 11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 21 11:58:10s 0:01:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 22 11:58:40s 0:01:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 23 11:59:10s 0:00:50 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 24 11:59:40s 0:00:20 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 25 12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 26 12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 27 12:01:10s -0:01:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 28 12:01:40s -0:01:40 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 29 12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 30 12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
+Rule sol88 1988 only - Dec 31 12:03:05s -0:03:05 -
+
+# Riyadh is at about 46 degrees 46 minutes East: 3 hrs, 7 mins, 4 secs
+# Before and after 1988, we'll operate on local mean solar time.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Riyadh88 3:07:04 - zzz 1988
+ 3:07:04 sol88 zzz 1989
+ 3:07:04 - zzz
+# For backward compatibility...
+Link Asia/Riyadh88 Mideast/Riyadh88
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)solar89 8.1
+
+# Apparent noon times below are for Riyadh; they're a bit off for other places.
+# Times were computed using a formula provided by the U. S. Naval Observatory:
+# eqt = -105.8 * sin(l) + 596.2 * sin(2 * l) + 4.4 * sin(3 * l)
+# -12.7 * sin(4 * l) - 429.0 * cos(l) - 2.1 * cos (2 * l)
+# + 19.3 * cos(3 * l);
+# where l is the "mean longitude of the Sun" given by
+# l = 279.642 degrees + 0.985647 * d
+# and d is the interval in days from January 0, 0 hours Universal Time
+# (equaling the day of the year plus the fraction of a day from zero hours).
+# The accuracy of the formula is plus or minus three seconds.
+#
+# Rounding to the nearest five seconds results in fewer than
+# 256 different "time types"--a limit that's faced because time types are
+# stored on disk as unsigned chars.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 1 12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 2 12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 3 12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 4 12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 5 12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 6 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 7 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 8 12:06:45s -0:06:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 9 12:07:10s -0:07:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 10 12:07:35s -0:07:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 11 12:07:55s -0:07:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 12 12:08:20s -0:08:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 13 12:08:45s -0:08:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 14 12:09:05s -0:09:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 15 12:09:25s -0:09:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 16 12:09:45s -0:09:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 17 12:10:05s -0:10:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 18 12:10:25s -0:10:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 19 12:10:45s -0:10:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 20 12:11:05s -0:11:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 21 12:11:20s -0:11:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 22 12:11:35s -0:11:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 23 12:11:55s -0:11:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 24 12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 25 12:12:20s -0:12:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 26 12:12:35s -0:12:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 27 12:12:50s -0:12:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 28 12:13:00s -0:13:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 29 12:13:10s -0:13:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 30 12:13:20s -0:13:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jan 31 12:13:30s -0:13:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 1 12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 2 12:13:45s -0:13:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 3 12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 4 12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 5 12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 6 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 7 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 8 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 9 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 10 12:14:20s -0:14:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 11 12:14:20s -0:14:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 12 12:14:20s -0:14:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 13 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 14 12:14:15s -0:14:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 15 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 16 12:14:10s -0:14:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 17 12:14:05s -0:14:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 18 12:14:00s -0:14:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 19 12:13:55s -0:13:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 20 12:13:50s -0:13:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 21 12:13:40s -0:13:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 22 12:13:35s -0:13:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 23 12:13:25s -0:13:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 24 12:13:15s -0:13:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 25 12:13:05s -0:13:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 26 12:12:55s -0:12:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 27 12:12:45s -0:12:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Feb 28 12:12:35s -0:12:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 1 12:12:25s -0:12:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 2 12:12:10s -0:12:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 3 12:12:00s -0:12:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 4 12:11:45s -0:11:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 5 12:11:35s -0:11:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 6 12:11:20s -0:11:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 7 12:11:05s -0:11:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 8 12:10:50s -0:10:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 9 12:10:35s -0:10:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 10 12:10:20s -0:10:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 11 12:10:05s -0:10:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 12 12:09:50s -0:09:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 13 12:09:30s -0:09:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 14 12:09:15s -0:09:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 15 12:09:00s -0:09:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 16 12:08:40s -0:08:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 17 12:08:25s -0:08:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 18 12:08:05s -0:08:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 19 12:07:50s -0:07:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 20 12:07:30s -0:07:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 21 12:07:15s -0:07:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 22 12:06:55s -0:06:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 23 12:06:35s -0:06:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 24 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 25 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 26 12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 27 12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 28 12:05:05s -0:05:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 29 12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 30 12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Mar 31 12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 1 12:03:55s -0:03:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 2 12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 3 12:03:20s -0:03:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 4 12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 5 12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 6 12:02:25s -0:02:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 7 12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 8 12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 9 12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 10 12:01:20s -0:01:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 11 12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 12 12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 13 12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 14 12:00:20s -0:00:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 15 12:00:05s -0:00:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 16 11:59:50s 0:00:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 17 11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 18 11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 19 11:59:10s 0:00:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 20 11:58:55s 0:01:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 21 11:58:45s 0:01:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 22 11:58:30s 0:01:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 23 11:58:20s 0:01:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 24 11:58:10s 0:01:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 25 11:58:00s 0:02:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 26 11:57:50s 0:02:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 27 11:57:40s 0:02:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 28 11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 29 11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Apr 30 11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 1 11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 2 11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 3 11:56:50s 0:03:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 4 11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 5 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 6 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 7 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 8 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 9 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 10 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 11 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 12 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 13 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 14 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 15 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 16 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 17 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 18 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 19 11:56:25s 0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 20 11:56:30s 0:03:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 21 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 22 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 23 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 24 11:56:45s 0:03:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 25 11:56:55s 0:03:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 26 11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 27 11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 28 11:57:15s 0:02:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 29 11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 30 11:57:30s 0:02:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - May 31 11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 1 11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 2 11:57:55s 0:02:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 3 11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 4 11:58:15s 0:01:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 5 11:58:25s 0:01:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 6 11:58:35s 0:01:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 7 11:58:45s 0:01:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 8 11:59:00s 0:01:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 9 11:59:10s 0:00:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 10 11:59:20s 0:00:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 11 11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 12 11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 13 12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 14 12:00:10s -0:00:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 15 12:00:25s -0:00:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 16 12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 17 12:00:50s -0:00:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 18 12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 19 12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 20 12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 21 12:01:40s -0:01:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 22 12:01:55s -0:01:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 23 12:02:10s -0:02:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 24 12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 25 12:02:35s -0:02:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 26 12:02:45s -0:02:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 27 12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 28 12:03:10s -0:03:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 29 12:03:25s -0:03:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jun 30 12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 1 12:03:45s -0:03:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 2 12:04:00s -0:04:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 3 12:04:10s -0:04:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 4 12:04:20s -0:04:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 5 12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 6 12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 7 12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 8 12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 9 12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 10 12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 11 12:05:25s -0:05:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 12 12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 13 12:05:40s -0:05:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 14 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 15 12:05:55s -0:05:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 16 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 17 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 18 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 19 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 20 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 21 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 22 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 23 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 24 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 25 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 26 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 27 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 28 12:06:30s -0:06:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 29 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 30 12:06:25s -0:06:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Jul 31 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 1 12:06:20s -0:06:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 2 12:06:15s -0:06:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 3 12:06:10s -0:06:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 4 12:06:05s -0:06:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 5 12:06:00s -0:06:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 6 12:05:50s -0:05:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 7 12:05:45s -0:05:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 8 12:05:35s -0:05:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 9 12:05:30s -0:05:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 10 12:05:20s -0:05:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 11 12:05:10s -0:05:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 12 12:05:00s -0:05:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 13 12:04:50s -0:04:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 14 12:04:40s -0:04:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 15 12:04:30s -0:04:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 16 12:04:15s -0:04:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 17 12:04:05s -0:04:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 18 12:03:50s -0:03:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 19 12:03:35s -0:03:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 20 12:03:25s -0:03:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 21 12:03:10s -0:03:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 22 12:02:55s -0:02:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 23 12:02:40s -0:02:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 24 12:02:20s -0:02:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 25 12:02:05s -0:02:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 26 12:01:50s -0:01:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 27 12:01:30s -0:01:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 28 12:01:15s -0:01:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 29 12:00:55s -0:00:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 30 12:00:40s -0:00:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Aug 31 12:00:20s -0:00:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 1 12:00:00s 0:00:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 2 11:59:45s 0:00:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 3 11:59:25s 0:00:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 4 11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 5 11:58:45s 0:01:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 6 11:58:25s 0:01:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 7 11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 8 11:57:45s 0:02:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 9 11:57:20s 0:02:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 10 11:57:00s 0:03:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 11 11:56:40s 0:03:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 12 11:56:20s 0:03:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 13 11:56:00s 0:04:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 14 11:55:35s 0:04:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 15 11:55:15s 0:04:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 16 11:54:55s 0:05:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 17 11:54:35s 0:05:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 18 11:54:10s 0:05:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 19 11:53:50s 0:06:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 20 11:53:30s 0:06:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 21 11:53:10s 0:06:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 22 11:52:45s 0:07:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 23 11:52:25s 0:07:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 24 11:52:05s 0:07:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 25 11:51:45s 0:08:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 26 11:51:25s 0:08:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 27 11:51:05s 0:08:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 28 11:50:40s 0:09:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 29 11:50:20s 0:09:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Sep 30 11:50:00s 0:10:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 1 11:49:45s 0:10:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 2 11:49:25s 0:10:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 3 11:49:05s 0:10:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 4 11:48:45s 0:11:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 5 11:48:30s 0:11:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 6 11:48:10s 0:11:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 7 11:47:50s 0:12:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 8 11:47:35s 0:12:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 9 11:47:20s 0:12:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 10 11:47:00s 0:13:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 11 11:46:45s 0:13:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 12 11:46:30s 0:13:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 13 11:46:15s 0:13:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 14 11:46:00s 0:14:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 15 11:45:50s 0:14:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 16 11:45:35s 0:14:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 17 11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 18 11:45:10s 0:14:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 19 11:45:00s 0:15:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 20 11:44:50s 0:15:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 21 11:44:40s 0:15:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 22 11:44:30s 0:15:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 23 11:44:20s 0:15:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 24 11:44:10s 0:15:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 25 11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 26 11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 27 11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 28 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 29 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 30 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Oct 31 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 1 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 2 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 3 11:43:30s 0:16:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 4 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 5 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 6 11:43:35s 0:16:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 7 11:43:40s 0:16:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 8 11:43:45s 0:16:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 9 11:43:50s 0:16:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 10 11:43:55s 0:16:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 11 11:44:00s 0:16:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 12 11:44:05s 0:15:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 13 11:44:15s 0:15:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 14 11:44:25s 0:15:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 15 11:44:35s 0:15:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 16 11:44:45s 0:15:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 17 11:44:55s 0:15:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 18 11:45:10s 0:14:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 19 11:45:20s 0:14:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 20 11:45:35s 0:14:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 21 11:45:50s 0:14:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 22 11:46:05s 0:13:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 23 11:46:25s 0:13:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 24 11:46:40s 0:13:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 25 11:47:00s 0:13:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 26 11:47:20s 0:12:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 27 11:47:35s 0:12:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 28 11:47:55s 0:12:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 29 11:48:20s 0:11:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Nov 30 11:48:40s 0:11:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 1 11:49:00s 0:11:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 2 11:49:25s 0:10:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 3 11:49:50s 0:10:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 4 11:50:15s 0:09:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 5 11:50:35s 0:09:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 6 11:51:00s 0:09:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 7 11:51:30s 0:08:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 8 11:51:55s 0:08:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 9 11:52:20s 0:07:40 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 10 11:52:50s 0:07:10 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 11 11:53:15s 0:06:45 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 12 11:53:45s 0:06:15 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 13 11:54:10s 0:05:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 14 11:54:40s 0:05:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 15 11:55:10s 0:04:50 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 16 11:55:40s 0:04:20 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 17 11:56:05s 0:03:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 18 11:56:35s 0:03:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 19 11:57:05s 0:02:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 20 11:57:35s 0:02:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 21 11:58:05s 0:01:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 22 11:58:35s 0:01:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 23 11:59:05s 0:00:55 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 24 11:59:35s 0:00:25 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 25 12:00:05s -0:00:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 26 12:00:35s -0:00:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 27 12:01:05s -0:01:05 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 28 12:01:35s -0:01:35 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 29 12:02:00s -0:02:00 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 30 12:02:30s -0:02:30 -
+Rule sol89 1989 only - Dec 31 12:03:00s -0:03:00 -
+
+# Riyadh is at about 46 degrees 46 minutes East: 3 hrs, 7 mins, 4 secs
+# Before and after 1989, we'll operate on local mean solar time.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Asia/Riyadh89 3:07:04 - zzz 1989
+ 3:07:04 sol89 zzz 1990
+ 3:07:04 - zzz
+# For backward compatibility...
+Link Asia/Riyadh89 Mideast/Riyadh89
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)southamerica 8.11
+# <pre>
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
+# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
+# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
+# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
+# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
+# in Europe and South America.
+# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
+# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
+#
+# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
+# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
+# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
+# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
+# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
+# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
+# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
+# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
+# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
+# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
+# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
+# Corrections are welcome!
+# std dst
+# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
+# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
+# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
+# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
+
+###############################################################################
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Argentina
+
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
+# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
+
+# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
+# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+
+# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
+# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
+# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
+# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
+# obtaining the data from the:
+# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
+# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
+Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
+# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
+# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
+# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
+#
+# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
+# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
+# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
+# from the International Date Line.
+Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+#
+# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
+# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
+# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
+# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
+#
+# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04):
+# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
+# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
+# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
+# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
+# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
+# in effect.... The article is at
+# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
+# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
+# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
+# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
+# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
+#
+# (2001-06-12):
+# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
+# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
+# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
+#
+# (2001-06-25):
+# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
+# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
+# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
+# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
+# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
+# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
+# Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
+# its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
+# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
+# From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
+# It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
+# now we'll assume it's for this year only.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
+# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
+# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
+# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
+# over Shanks & Pottenger.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
+# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
+#
+# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
+# midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
+# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
+# time in October 17th.
+#
+# Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
+# Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
+# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
+# yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
+# annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
+# "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
+# the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take
+# effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
+# three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
+# Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
+# on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
+# provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article
+# contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
+# date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
+# Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
+# The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
+# back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
+# new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
+# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
+# San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
+# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00
+# at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
+# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
+# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
+# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
+
+# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
+# from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
+# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
+# haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+#
+# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
+Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
+# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
+# San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
+# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
+# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
+# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
+# - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15,
+# then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01.
+# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
+# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
+#
+Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Tucuman (TM)
+Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# La Rioja (LR)
+Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# San Juan (SJ)
+Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Jujuy (JY)
+Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
+ -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
+ -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
+Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Mendoza (MZ)
+Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
+ -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Sep 26
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Santa Cruz (SC)
+Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
+Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 - ART
+
+# Aruba
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
+ -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Bolivia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
+ -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
+ -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
+ -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
+
+# Brazil
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
+# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
+# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
+# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
+# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
+# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
+
+# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
+# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
+# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
+# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
+# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
+# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
+
+# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
+# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
+# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
+# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
+# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
+# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
+# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
+# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
+# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
+# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
+# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
+# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
+# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
+# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
+# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
+# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
+# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
+# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
+
+# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
+# Brazilian official page
+# </a>
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
+# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
+# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
+# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
+
+# From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
+# The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
+#
+# Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
+# the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first
+# round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
+# Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is
+# counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
+# round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will
+# take place on October 27th.
+#
+# The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
+# of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
+# Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
+# the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
+# (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
+
+# From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
+# It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
+# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
+# with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
+# The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
+# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
+# </a>.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
+Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
+# revoked DST.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
+Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
+Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
+# revoked DST.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
+# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
+# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
+# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
+Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
+# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
+Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
+Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
+Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
+Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
+# revoked DST.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
+Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
+# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
+Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
+# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
+Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
+Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
+# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
+Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
+# with the same exceptions
+Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
+# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
+# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
+Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
+# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
+Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
+# adopted by same states.
+Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
+# adopted by same states, plus AM.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
+# web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
+# adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
+# adds AL, SE.
+Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
+# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
+Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
+# From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
+# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
+# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
+# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
+# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
+# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
+#
+# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
+Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
+# (1998-02-10)
+Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
+# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
+# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
+Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
+# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
+# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
+# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
+Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+# Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
+# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm"></a>
+Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
+# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm"></a>
+Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
+# <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm"></a>
+Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2006/Decreto/D5920.htm">5,920</a>
+# (2006-10-03), adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2006 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2007 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
+# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
+# For dates after mid-2007, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
+# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
+
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+#
+# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
+Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
+ -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30
+ -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15
+ -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13
+ -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -2:00 - FNT
+# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
+# These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
+# Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
+# Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
+# it also included the Penedos.
+#
+# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
+# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
+# The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
+# In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
+# the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
+Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
+# Paraiba (PB)
+Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
+ -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
+Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
+ -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Tocantins (TO)
+Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
+Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
+ -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
+ -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Bahia (BA)
+# There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
+# of America/Salvador.
+Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
+# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
+# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
+Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
+ -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
+#
+# Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
+Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
+#
+# Mato Grosso (MT)
+Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24
+ -4:00 - AMT 2004 Oct 1
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
+#
+# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
+# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
+Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# Roraima (RR)
+Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
+# The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
+# east from west Amazonas.
+Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
+# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
+Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
+ -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
+ -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
+ -5:00 - ACT
+#
+# Acre (AC)
+Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
+ -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -5:00 - ACT
+
+
+# Chile
+
+# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
+# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
+# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
+# (1998-09-29):
+# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
+# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
+# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
+
+# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
+# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
+# on April 3, (one-time change).
+
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
+# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
+# I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
+# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
+# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
+# (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
+# anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27):
+# The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from
+# <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by
+# Jesper Norgaard Welen. The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks
+# & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from
+# America/Santiago. The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious,
+# but we have no other source.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 -
+Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
+# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time
+ -4:00 Chile CL%sT
+Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:44 - LMT 1890
+ -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time
+ -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time
+ -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
+#
+# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
+# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
+# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
+
+# Colombia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
+ -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
+ -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
+# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
+# no information; probably like America/Bogota
+
+# Curacao
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
+# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
+# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
+# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
+# Saba Island has been like Curacao.
+# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
+#
+# By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
+# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
+# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
+# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
+# though, as far as we know.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
+ -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Ecuador
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
+# Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
+# <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
+# <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
+# talk about "hora Sixto". Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
+ -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
+ -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
+Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
+ -5:00 - ECT 1986
+ -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
+
+# Falklands
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
+# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+
+# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
+# via Jesper Norgaard:
+# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
+# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
+# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
+# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
+# Sunday 1 September.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
+#
+# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
+# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
+# what was said then:
+#
+# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
+# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
+# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
+# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
+# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
+# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
+# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
+# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
+# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
+# as UK or Chile."
+#
+# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
+# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
+# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
+#
+# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
+# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
+# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
+# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
+# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
+# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
+#
+# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
+# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
+# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
+# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
+# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
+# better info.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
+ -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
+ -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
+ -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
+ -4:00 Falk FK%sT
+
+# French Guiana
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
+ -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
+ -3:00 - GFT
+
+# Guyana
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
+ -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
+ -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
+ -3:00 - GYT 1991
+# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
+ -4:00 - GYT
+
+# Paraguay
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
+# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
+# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
+# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
+# (10-01).
+#
+# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
+# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
+# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
+# </a>:
+# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
+# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
+# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
+# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
+# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
+# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
+#
+Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
+# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
+Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
+# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
+# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
+# April.
+Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
+# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
+# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
+# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
+# From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
+# <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
+Rule Para 2004 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 2005 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
+ -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
+ -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
+ -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
+ -4:00 Para PY%sT
+
+# Peru
+#
+# <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
+# From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
+# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
+# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
+Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
+ -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
+ -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
+
+# South Georgia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
+ -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
+
+# South Sandwich Is
+# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
+
+# Suriname
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
+ -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
+ -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
+ -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
+ -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
+ -3:00 - SRT
+
+# Trinidad and Tobago
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Uruguay
+# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
+# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
+Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
+# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
+# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
+# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
+# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
+Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
+# From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
+# The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
+Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 S
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
+# Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
+# save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
+Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
+# From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
+# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
+# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
+Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 -
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
+Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
+ -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
+ -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
+ -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
+
+# Venezuela
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
+ -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
+ -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
+ -4:00 - VET
--- /dev/null
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)strftime.c 7.75";
+/*
+** Based on the UCB version with the ID appearing below.
+** This is ANSIish only when "multibyte character == plain character".
+*/
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+#include "private.h"
+
+/*
+** Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
+** All rights reserved.
+**
+** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
+** provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
+** duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
+** advertising materials, and other materials related to such
+** distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
+** by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the
+** University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
+** from this software without specific prior written permission.
+** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
+** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
+** WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef LIBC_SCCS
+#ifndef lint
+static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)strftime.c 5.4 (Berkeley) 3/14/89";
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+#endif /* !defined LIBC_SCCS */
+
+#include "tzfile.h"
+#include "fcntl.h"
+#include "locale.h"
+
+struct lc_time_T {
+ const char * mon[MONSPERYEAR];
+ const char * month[MONSPERYEAR];
+ const char * wday[DAYSPERWEEK];
+ const char * weekday[DAYSPERWEEK];
+ const char * X_fmt;
+ const char * x_fmt;
+ const char * c_fmt;
+ const char * am;
+ const char * pm;
+ const char * date_fmt;
+};
+
+#ifdef LOCALE_HOME
+#include "sys/stat.h"
+static struct lc_time_T localebuf;
+static struct lc_time_T * _loc P((void));
+#define Locale _loc()
+#endif /* defined LOCALE_HOME */
+#ifndef LOCALE_HOME
+#define Locale (&C_time_locale)
+#endif /* !defined LOCALE_HOME */
+
+static const struct lc_time_T C_time_locale = {
+ {
+ "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
+ "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
+ }, {
+ "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June",
+ "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"
+ }, {
+ "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed",
+ "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
+ }, {
+ "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
+ "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"
+ },
+
+ /* X_fmt */
+ "%H:%M:%S",
+
+ /*
+ ** x_fmt
+ ** C99 requires this format.
+ ** Using just numbers (as here) makes Quakers happier;
+ ** it's also compatible with SVR4.
+ */
+ "%m/%d/%y",
+
+ /*
+ ** c_fmt
+ ** C99 requires this format.
+ ** Previously this code used "%D %X", but we now conform to C99.
+ ** Note that
+ ** "%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y"
+ ** is used by Solaris 2.3.
+ */
+ "%a %b %e %T %Y",
+
+ /* am */
+ "AM",
+
+ /* pm */
+ "PM",
+
+ /* date_fmt */
+ "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y"
+};
+
+static char * _add P((const char *, char *, const char *));
+static char * _conv P((int, const char *, char *, const char *));
+static char * _fmt P((const char *, const struct tm *, char *, const char *,
+ int *));
+static char * _yconv P((int, int, int, int, char *, const char *));
+
+extern char * tzname[];
+
+#ifndef YEAR_2000_NAME
+#define YEAR_2000_NAME "CHECK_STRFTIME_FORMATS_FOR_TWO_DIGIT_YEARS"
+#endif /* !defined YEAR_2000_NAME */
+
+#define IN_NONE 0
+#define IN_SOME 1
+#define IN_THIS 2
+#define IN_ALL 3
+
+size_t
+strftime(s, maxsize, format, t)
+char * const s;
+const size_t maxsize;
+const char * const format;
+const struct tm * const t;
+{
+ char * p;
+ int warn;
+
+ tzset();
+#ifdef LOCALE_HOME
+ localebuf.mon[0] = 0;
+#endif /* defined LOCALE_HOME */
+ warn = IN_NONE;
+ p = _fmt(((format == NULL) ? "%c" : format), t, s, s + maxsize, &warn);
+#ifndef NO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU
+ if (warn != IN_NONE && getenv(YEAR_2000_NAME) != NULL) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+ if (format == NULL)
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "NULL strftime format ");
+ else (void) fprintf(stderr, "strftime format \"%s\" ",
+ format);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "yields only two digits of years in ");
+ if (warn == IN_SOME)
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "some locales");
+ else if (warn == IN_THIS)
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "the current locale");
+ else (void) fprintf(stderr, "all locales");
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+ }
+#endif /* !defined NO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU */
+ if (p == s + maxsize)
+ return 0;
+ *p = '\0';
+ return p - s;
+}
+
+static char *
+_fmt(format, t, pt, ptlim, warnp)
+const char * format;
+const struct tm * const t;
+char * pt;
+const char * const ptlim;
+int * warnp;
+{
+ for ( ; *format; ++format) {
+ if (*format == '%') {
+label:
+ switch (*++format) {
+ case '\0':
+ --format;
+ break;
+ case 'A':
+ pt = _add((t->tm_wday < 0 ||
+ t->tm_wday >= DAYSPERWEEK) ?
+ "?" : Locale->weekday[t->tm_wday],
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'a':
+ pt = _add((t->tm_wday < 0 ||
+ t->tm_wday >= DAYSPERWEEK) ?
+ "?" : Locale->wday[t->tm_wday],
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'B':
+ pt = _add((t->tm_mon < 0 ||
+ t->tm_mon >= MONSPERYEAR) ?
+ "?" : Locale->month[t->tm_mon],
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'b':
+ case 'h':
+ pt = _add((t->tm_mon < 0 ||
+ t->tm_mon >= MONSPERYEAR) ?
+ "?" : Locale->mon[t->tm_mon],
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'C':
+ /*
+ ** %C used to do a...
+ ** _fmt("%a %b %e %X %Y", t);
+ ** ...whereas now POSIX 1003.2 calls for
+ ** something completely different.
+ ** (ado, 1993-05-24)
+ */
+ pt = _yconv(t->tm_year, TM_YEAR_BASE, 1, 0,
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'c':
+ {
+ int warn2 = IN_SOME;
+
+ pt = _fmt(Locale->c_fmt, t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ if (warn2 == IN_ALL)
+ warn2 = IN_THIS;
+ if (warn2 > *warnp)
+ *warnp = warn2;
+ }
+ continue;
+ case 'D':
+ pt = _fmt("%m/%d/%y", t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 'd':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_mday, "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'E':
+ case 'O':
+ /*
+ ** C99 locale modifiers.
+ ** The sequences
+ ** %Ec %EC %Ex %EX %Ey %EY
+ ** %Od %oe %OH %OI %Om %OM
+ ** %OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy
+ ** are supposed to provide alternate
+ ** representations.
+ */
+ goto label;
+ case 'e':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_mday, "%2d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'F':
+ pt = _fmt("%Y-%m-%d", t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 'H':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_hour, "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'I':
+ pt = _conv((t->tm_hour % 12) ?
+ (t->tm_hour % 12) : 12,
+ "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'j':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_yday + 1, "%03d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'k':
+ /*
+ ** This used to be...
+ ** _conv(t->tm_hour % 12 ?
+ ** t->tm_hour % 12 : 12, 2, ' ');
+ ** ...and has been changed to the below to
+ ** match SunOS 4.1.1 and Arnold Robbins'
+ ** strftime version 3.0. That is, "%k" and
+ ** "%l" have been swapped.
+ ** (ado, 1993-05-24)
+ */
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_hour, "%2d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+#ifdef KITCHEN_SINK
+ case 'K':
+ /*
+ ** After all this time, still unclaimed!
+ */
+ pt = _add("kitchen sink", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+#endif /* defined KITCHEN_SINK */
+ case 'l':
+ /*
+ ** This used to be...
+ ** _conv(t->tm_hour, 2, ' ');
+ ** ...and has been changed to the below to
+ ** match SunOS 4.1.1 and Arnold Robbin's
+ ** strftime version 3.0. That is, "%k" and
+ ** "%l" have been swapped.
+ ** (ado, 1993-05-24)
+ */
+ pt = _conv((t->tm_hour % 12) ?
+ (t->tm_hour % 12) : 12,
+ "%2d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'M':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_min, "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'm':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_mon + 1, "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'n':
+ pt = _add("\n", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'p':
+ pt = _add((t->tm_hour >= (HOURSPERDAY / 2)) ?
+ Locale->pm :
+ Locale->am,
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'R':
+ pt = _fmt("%H:%M", t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 'r':
+ pt = _fmt("%I:%M:%S %p", t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 'S':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_sec, "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 's':
+ {
+ struct tm tm;
+ char buf[INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(
+ time_t) + 1];
+ time_t mkt;
+
+ tm = *t;
+ mkt = mktime(&tm);
+ if (TYPE_SIGNED(time_t))
+ (void) sprintf(buf, "%ld",
+ (long) mkt);
+ else (void) sprintf(buf, "%lu",
+ (unsigned long) mkt);
+ pt = _add(buf, pt, ptlim);
+ }
+ continue;
+ case 'T':
+ pt = _fmt("%H:%M:%S", t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 't':
+ pt = _add("\t", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'U':
+ pt = _conv((t->tm_yday + DAYSPERWEEK -
+ t->tm_wday) / DAYSPERWEEK,
+ "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'u':
+ /*
+ ** From Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0:
+ ** "ISO 8601: Weekday as a decimal number
+ ** [1 (Monday) - 7]"
+ ** (ado, 1993-05-24)
+ */
+ pt = _conv((t->tm_wday == 0) ?
+ DAYSPERWEEK : t->tm_wday,
+ "%d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'V': /* ISO 8601 week number */
+ case 'G': /* ISO 8601 year (four digits) */
+ case 'g': /* ISO 8601 year (two digits) */
+/*
+** From Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0: "the week number of the
+** year (the first Monday as the first day of week 1) as a decimal number
+** (01-53)."
+** (ado, 1993-05-24)
+**
+** From "http://www.ft.uni-erlangen.de/~mskuhn/iso-time.html" by Markus Kuhn:
+** "Week 01 of a year is per definition the first week which has the
+** Thursday in this year, which is equivalent to the week which contains
+** the fourth day of January. In other words, the first week of a new year
+** is the week which has the majority of its days in the new year. Week 01
+** might also contain days from the previous year and the week before week
+** 01 of a year is the last week (52 or 53) of the previous year even if
+** it contains days from the new year. A week starts with Monday (day 1)
+** and ends with Sunday (day 7). For example, the first week of the year
+** 1997 lasts from 1996-12-30 to 1997-01-05..."
+** (ado, 1996-01-02)
+*/
+ {
+ int year;
+ int base;
+ int yday;
+ int wday;
+ int w;
+
+ year = t->tm_year;
+ base = TM_YEAR_BASE;
+ yday = t->tm_yday;
+ wday = t->tm_wday;
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ int len;
+ int bot;
+ int top;
+
+ len = isleap_sum(year, base) ?
+ DAYSPERLYEAR :
+ DAYSPERNYEAR;
+ /*
+ ** What yday (-3 ... 3) does
+ ** the ISO year begin on?
+ */
+ bot = ((yday + 11 - wday) %
+ DAYSPERWEEK) - 3;
+ /*
+ ** What yday does the NEXT
+ ** ISO year begin on?
+ */
+ top = bot -
+ (len % DAYSPERWEEK);
+ if (top < -3)
+ top += DAYSPERWEEK;
+ top += len;
+ if (yday >= top) {
+ ++base;
+ w = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (yday >= bot) {
+ w = 1 + ((yday - bot) /
+ DAYSPERWEEK);
+ break;
+ }
+ --base;
+ yday += isleap_sum(year, base) ?
+ DAYSPERLYEAR :
+ DAYSPERNYEAR;
+ }
+#ifdef XPG4_1994_04_09
+ if ((w == 52 &&
+ t->tm_mon == TM_JANUARY) ||
+ (w == 1 &&
+ t->tm_mon == TM_DECEMBER))
+ w = 53;
+#endif /* defined XPG4_1994_04_09 */
+ if (*format == 'V')
+ pt = _conv(w, "%02d",
+ pt, ptlim);
+ else if (*format == 'g') {
+ *warnp = IN_ALL;
+ pt = _yconv(year, base, 0, 1,
+ pt, ptlim);
+ } else pt = _yconv(year, base, 1, 1,
+ pt, ptlim);
+ }
+ continue;
+ case 'v':
+ /*
+ ** From Arnold Robbins' strftime version 3.0:
+ ** "date as dd-bbb-YYYY"
+ ** (ado, 1993-05-24)
+ */
+ pt = _fmt("%e-%b-%Y", t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 'W':
+ pt = _conv((t->tm_yday + DAYSPERWEEK -
+ (t->tm_wday ?
+ (t->tm_wday - 1) :
+ (DAYSPERWEEK - 1))) / DAYSPERWEEK,
+ "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'w':
+ pt = _conv(t->tm_wday, "%d", pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'X':
+ pt = _fmt(Locale->X_fmt, t, pt, ptlim, warnp);
+ continue;
+ case 'x':
+ {
+ int warn2 = IN_SOME;
+
+ pt = _fmt(Locale->x_fmt, t, pt, ptlim, &warn2);
+ if (warn2 == IN_ALL)
+ warn2 = IN_THIS;
+ if (warn2 > *warnp)
+ *warnp = warn2;
+ }
+ continue;
+ case 'y':
+ *warnp = IN_ALL;
+ pt = _yconv(t->tm_year, TM_YEAR_BASE, 0, 1,
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'Y':
+ pt = _yconv(t->tm_year, TM_YEAR_BASE, 1, 1,
+ pt, ptlim);
+ continue;
+ case 'Z':
+#ifdef TM_ZONE
+ if (t->TM_ZONE != NULL)
+ pt = _add(t->TM_ZONE, pt, ptlim);
+ else
+#endif /* defined TM_ZONE */
+ if (t->tm_isdst >= 0)
+ pt = _add(tzname[t->tm_isdst != 0],
+ pt, ptlim);
+ /*
+ ** C99 says that %Z must be replaced by the
+ ** empty string if the time zone is not
+ ** determinable.
+ */
+ continue;
+ case 'z':
+ {
+ int diff;
+ char const * sign;
+
+ if (t->tm_isdst < 0)
+ continue;
+#ifdef TM_GMTOFF
+ diff = t->TM_GMTOFF;
+#else /* !defined TM_GMTOFF */
+ /*
+ ** C99 says that the UTC offset must
+ ** be computed by looking only at
+ ** tm_isdst. This requirement is
+ ** incorrect, since it means the code
+ ** must rely on magic (in this case
+ ** altzone and timezone), and the
+ ** magic might not have the correct
+ ** offset. Doing things correctly is
+ ** tricky and requires disobeying C99;
+ ** see GNU C strftime for details.
+ ** For now, punt and conform to the
+ ** standard, even though it's incorrect.
+ **
+ ** C99 says that %z must be replaced by the
+ ** empty string if the time zone is not
+ ** determinable, so output nothing if the
+ ** appropriate variables are not available.
+ */
+ if (t->tm_isdst == 0)
+#ifdef USG_COMPAT
+ diff = -timezone;
+#else /* !defined USG_COMPAT */
+ continue;
+#endif /* !defined USG_COMPAT */
+ else
+#ifdef ALTZONE
+ diff = -altzone;
+#else /* !defined ALTZONE */
+ continue;
+#endif /* !defined ALTZONE */
+#endif /* !defined TM_GMTOFF */
+ if (diff < 0) {
+ sign = "-";
+ diff = -diff;
+ } else sign = "+";
+ pt = _add(sign, pt, ptlim);
+ diff /= SECSPERMIN;
+ diff = (diff / MINSPERHOUR) * 100 +
+ (diff % MINSPERHOUR);
+ pt = _conv(diff, "%04d", pt, ptlim);
+ }
+ continue;
+ case '+':
+ pt = _fmt(Locale->date_fmt, t, pt, ptlim,
+ warnp);
+ continue;
+ case '%':
+ /*
+ ** X311J/88-090 (4.12.3.5): if conversion char is
+ ** undefined, behavior is undefined. Print out the
+ ** character itself as printf(3) also does.
+ */
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (pt == ptlim)
+ break;
+ *pt++ = *format;
+ }
+ return pt;
+}
+
+static char *
+_conv(n, format, pt, ptlim)
+const int n;
+const char * const format;
+char * const pt;
+const char * const ptlim;
+{
+ char buf[INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(int) + 1];
+
+ (void) sprintf(buf, format, n);
+ return _add(buf, pt, ptlim);
+}
+
+static char *
+_add(str, pt, ptlim)
+const char * str;
+char * pt;
+const char * const ptlim;
+{
+ while (pt < ptlim && (*pt = *str++) != '\0')
+ ++pt;
+ return pt;
+}
+
+/*
+** POSIX and the C Standard are unclear or inconsistent about
+** what %C and %y do if the year is negative or exceeds 9999.
+** Use the convention that %C concatenated with %y yields the
+** same output as %Y, and that %Y contains at least 4 bytes,
+** with more only if necessary.
+*/
+
+static char *
+_yconv(a, b, convert_top, convert_yy, pt, ptlim)
+const int a;
+const int b;
+const int convert_top;
+const int convert_yy;
+char * pt;
+const char * const ptlim;
+{
+ register int lead;
+ register int trail;
+
+#define DIVISOR 100
+ trail = a % DIVISOR + b % DIVISOR;
+ lead = a / DIVISOR + b / DIVISOR + trail / DIVISOR;
+ trail %= DIVISOR;
+ if (trail < 0 && lead > 0) {
+ trail += DIVISOR;
+ --lead;
+ } else if (lead < 0 && trail > 0) {
+ trail -= DIVISOR;
+ ++lead;
+ }
+ if (convert_top) {
+ if (lead == 0 && trail < 0)
+ pt = _add("-0", pt, ptlim);
+ else pt = _conv(lead, "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ }
+ if (convert_yy)
+ pt = _conv(((trail < 0) ? -trail : trail), "%02d", pt, ptlim);
+ return pt;
+}
+
+#ifdef LOCALE_HOME
+static struct lc_time_T *
+_loc P((void))
+{
+ static const char locale_home[] = LOCALE_HOME;
+ static const char lc_time[] = "LC_TIME";
+ static char * locale_buf;
+
+ int fd;
+ int oldsun; /* "...ain't got nothin' to do..." */
+ char * lbuf;
+ char * name;
+ char * p;
+ const char ** ap;
+ const char * plim;
+ char filename[FILENAME_MAX];
+ struct stat st;
+ size_t namesize;
+ size_t bufsize;
+
+ /*
+ ** Use localebuf.mon[0] to signal whether locale is already set up.
+ */
+ if (localebuf.mon[0])
+ return &localebuf;
+ name = setlocale(LC_TIME, (char *) NULL);
+ if (name == NULL || *name == '\0')
+ goto no_locale;
+ /*
+ ** If the locale name is the same as our cache, use the cache.
+ */
+ lbuf = locale_buf;
+ if (lbuf != NULL && strcmp(name, lbuf) == 0) {
+ p = lbuf;
+ for (ap = (const char **) &localebuf;
+ ap < (const char **) (&localebuf + 1);
+ ++ap)
+ *ap = p += strlen(p) + 1;
+ return &localebuf;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Slurp the locale file into the cache.
+ */
+ namesize = strlen(name) + 1;
+ if (sizeof filename <
+ ((sizeof locale_home) + namesize + (sizeof lc_time)))
+ goto no_locale;
+ oldsun = 0;
+ (void) sprintf(filename, "%s/%s/%s", locale_home, name, lc_time);
+ fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ /*
+ ** Old Sun systems have a different naming and data convention.
+ */
+ oldsun = 1;
+ (void) sprintf(filename, "%s/%s/%s", locale_home,
+ lc_time, name);
+ fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd < 0)
+ goto no_locale;
+ }
+ if (fstat(fd, &st) != 0)
+ goto bad_locale;
+ if (st.st_size <= 0)
+ goto bad_locale;
+ bufsize = namesize + st.st_size;
+ locale_buf = NULL;
+ lbuf = (lbuf == NULL) ? malloc(bufsize) : realloc(lbuf, bufsize);
+ if (lbuf == NULL)
+ goto bad_locale;
+ (void) strcpy(lbuf, name);
+ p = lbuf + namesize;
+ plim = p + st.st_size;
+ if (read(fd, p, (size_t) st.st_size) != st.st_size)
+ goto bad_lbuf;
+ if (close(fd) != 0)
+ goto bad_lbuf;
+ /*
+ ** Parse the locale file into localebuf.
+ */
+ if (plim[-1] != '\n')
+ goto bad_lbuf;
+ for (ap = (const char **) &localebuf;
+ ap < (const char **) (&localebuf + 1);
+ ++ap) {
+ if (p == plim)
+ goto bad_lbuf;
+ *ap = p;
+ while (*p != '\n')
+ ++p;
+ *p++ = '\0';
+ }
+ if (oldsun) {
+ /*
+ ** SunOS 4 used an obsolescent format; see localdtconv(3).
+ ** c_fmt had the ``short format for dates and times together''
+ ** (SunOS 4 date, "%a %b %e %T %Z %Y" in the C locale);
+ ** date_fmt had the ``long format for dates''
+ ** (SunOS 4 strftime %C, "%A, %B %e, %Y" in the C locale).
+ ** Discard the latter in favor of the former.
+ */
+ localebuf.date_fmt = localebuf.c_fmt;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Record the successful parse in the cache.
+ */
+ locale_buf = lbuf;
+
+ return &localebuf;
+
+bad_lbuf:
+ free(lbuf);
+bad_locale:
+ (void) close(fd);
+no_locale:
+ localebuf = C_time_locale;
+ locale_buf = NULL;
+ return &localebuf;
+}
+#endif /* defined LOCALE_HOME */
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)systemv 8.1
+
+# Old rules, should the need arise.
+# No attempt is made to handle Newfoundland, since it cannot be expressed
+# using the System V "TZ" scheme (half-hour offset), or anything outside
+# North America (no support for non-standard DST start/end dates), nor
+# the changes in the DST rules in the US after 1976 (which occurred after
+# the old rules were written).
+#
+# If you need the old rules, uncomment ## lines.
+# Compile this *without* leap second correction for true conformance.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule SystemV min 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV min 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV 1974 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV 1975 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+Rule SystemV 1976 max - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+Rule SystemV 1976 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+## Zone SystemV/AST4ADT -4:00 SystemV A%sT
+## Zone SystemV/EST5EDT -5:00 SystemV E%sT
+## Zone SystemV/CST6CDT -6:00 SystemV C%sT
+## Zone SystemV/MST7MDT -7:00 SystemV M%sT
+## Zone SystemV/PST8PDT -8:00 SystemV P%sT
+## Zone SystemV/YST9YDT -9:00 SystemV Y%sT
+## Zone SystemV/AST4 -4:00 - AST
+## Zone SystemV/EST5 -5:00 - EST
+## Zone SystemV/CST6 -6:00 - CST
+## Zone SystemV/MST7 -7:00 - MST
+## Zone SystemV/PST8 -8:00 - PST
+## Zone SystemV/YST9 -9:00 - YST
+## Zone SystemV/HST10 -10:00 - HST
--- /dev/null
+.TH TIME2POSIX 3
+.SH NAME
+time2posix, posix2time \- convert seconds since the Epoch
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.nf
+.B #include <sys/types.h>
+.B #include <time.h>
+.PP
+.B time_t time2posix(t)
+.B time_t t
+.PP
+.B time_t posix2time(t)
+.B time_t t
+.PP
+.B cc ... -ltz
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+IEEE Standard 1003.1
+(POSIX)
+legislates that a time_t value of
+536457599 shall correspond to "Wed Dec 31 23:59:59 UTC 1986."
+This effectively implies that POSIX time_t's cannot include leap
+seconds and,
+therefore,
+that the system time must be adjusted as each leap occurs.
+.PP
+If the time package is configured with leap-second support
+enabled,
+however,
+no such adjustment is needed and
+time_t values continue to increase over leap events
+(as a true `seconds since...' value).
+This means that these values will differ from those required by POSIX
+by the net number of leap seconds inserted since the Epoch.
+.PP
+Typically this is not a problem as the type time_t is intended
+to be
+(mostly)
+opaque\(emtime_t values should only be obtained-from and
+passed-to functions such as
+.IR time(2) ,
+.IR localtime(3) ,
+.IR mktime(3) ,
+and
+.IR difftime(3) .
+However,
+POSIX gives an arithmetic
+expression for directly computing a time_t value from a given date/time,
+and the same relationship is assumed by some
+(usually older)
+applications.
+Any programs creating/dissecting time_t's
+using such a relationship will typically not handle intervals
+over leap seconds correctly.
+.PP
+The
+.I time2posix
+and
+.I posix2time
+functions are provided to address this time_t mismatch by converting
+between local time_t values and their POSIX equivalents.
+This is done by accounting for the number of time-base changes that
+would have taken place on a POSIX system as leap seconds were inserted
+or deleted.
+These converted values can then be used in lieu of correcting the older
+applications,
+or when communicating with POSIX-compliant systems.
+.PP
+.I Time2posix
+is single-valued.
+That is,
+every local time_t
+corresponds to a single POSIX time_t.
+.I Posix2time
+is less well-behaved:
+for a positive leap second hit the result is not unique,
+and for a negative leap second hit the corresponding
+POSIX time_t doesn't exist so an adjacent value is returned.
+Both of these are good indicators of the inferiority of the
+POSIX representation.
+.PP
+The following table summarizes the relationship between a time
+T and it's conversion to,
+and back from,
+the POSIX representation over the leap second inserted at the end of June,
+1993.
+.nf
+.ta \w'93/06/30 'u +\w'23:59:59 'u +\w'A+0 'u +\w'X=time2posix(T) 'u
+DATE TIME T X=time2posix(T) posix2time(X)
+93/06/30 23:59:59 A+0 B+0 A+0
+93/06/30 23:59:60 A+1 B+1 A+1 or A+2
+93/07/01 00:00:00 A+2 B+1 A+1 or A+2
+93/07/01 00:00:01 A+3 B+2 A+3
+
+A leap second deletion would look like...
+
+DATE TIME T X=time2posix(T) posix2time(X)
+??/06/30 23:59:58 A+0 B+0 A+0
+??/07/01 00:00:00 A+1 B+2 A+1
+??/07/01 00:00:01 A+2 B+3 A+2
+.sp
+.ce
+ [Note: posix2time(B+1) => A+0 or A+1]
+.fi
+.PP
+If leap-second support is not enabled,
+local time_t's and
+POSIX time_t's are equivalent,
+and both
+.I time2posix
+and
+.I posix2time
+degenerate to the identity function.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+difftime(3),
+localtime(3),
+mktime(3),
+time(2)
+.\" @(#)time2posix.3 7.8
+.\" This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+.\" 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ time2posix, posix2time - convert seconds since the Epoch
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ #include <sys/types.h>
+ #include <time.h>
+
+ time_t time2posix(t)
+ time_t t
+
+ time_t posix2time(t)
+ time_t t
+
+ cc ... -ltz
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ IEEE Standard 1003.1 (POSIX) legislates that a time_t value
+ of 536457599 shall correspond to "Wed Dec 31 23:59:59 UTC
+ 1986." This effectively implies that POSIX time_t's cannot
+ include leap seconds and, therefore, that the system time
+ must be adjusted as each leap occurs.
+
+ If the time package is configured with leap-second support
+ enabled, however, no such adjustment is needed and time_t
+ values continue to increase over leap events (as a true
+ `seconds since...' value). This means that these values
+ will differ from those required by POSIX by the net number
+ of leap seconds inserted since the Epoch.
+
+ Typically this is not a problem as the type time_t is
+ intended to be (mostly) opaque-time_t values should only be
+ obtained-from and passed-to functions such as time(2),
+ localtime(3), mktime(3), and difftime(3). However, POSIX
+ gives an arithmetic expression for directly computing a
+ time_t value from a given date/time, and the same
+ relationship is assumed by some (usually older)
+ applications. Any programs creating/dissecting time_t's
+ using such a relationship will typically not handle
+ intervals over leap seconds correctly.
+
+ The time2posix and posix2time functions are provided to
+ address this time_t mismatch by converting between local
+ time_t values and their POSIX equivalents. This is done by
+ accounting for the number of time-base changes that would
+ have taken place on a POSIX system as leap seconds were
+ inserted or deleted. These converted values can then be
+ used in lieu of correcting the older applications, or when
+ communicating with POSIX-compliant systems.
+
+ Time2posix is single-valued. That is, every local time_t
+ corresponds to a single POSIX time_t. Posix2time is less
+ well-behaved: for a positive leap second hit the result is
+ not unique, and for a negative leap second hit the
+ corresponding POSIX time_t doesn't exist so an adjacent
+ value is returned. Both of these are good indicators of the
+ inferiority of the POSIX representation.
+
+ The following table summarizes the relationship between a
+ time T and it's conversion to, and back from, the POSIX
+ representation over the leap second inserted at the end of
+ June, 1993.
+ DATE TIME T X=time2posix(T) posix2time(X)
+ 93/06/30 23:59:59 A+0 B+0 A+0
+ 93/06/30 23:59:60 A+1 B+1 A+1 or A+2
+ 93/07/01 00:00:00 A+2 B+1 A+1 or A+2
+ 93/07/01 00:00:01 A+3 B+2 A+3
+
+ A leap second deletion would look like...
+
+ DATE TIME T X=time2posix(T) posix2time(X)
+ ??/06/30 23:59:58 A+0 B+0 A+0
+ ??/07/01 00:00:00 A+1 B+2 A+1
+ ??/07/01 00:00:01 A+2 B+3 A+2
+
+ [Note: posix2time(B+1) => A+0 or A+1]
+
+ If leap-second support is not enabled, local time_t's and
+ POSIX time_t's are equivalent, and both time2posix and
+ posix2time degenerate to the identity function.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ difftime(3), localtime(3), mktime(3), time(2)
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+"DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"' />
+<title>Time and the Arts</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Time and the Arts</h1>
+<address>
+@(#)tz-art.htm 7.59
+</address>
+<p>
+Please send corrections to this web page to the
+<a href="mailto:tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov">time zone mailing list</a>.</p>
+<p>
+See also <a href="tz-link.htm">Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data</a>.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>
+Data on recordings of "Save That Time," Russ Long, Serrob Publishing, BMI:</p>
+<table>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Karrin Allyson</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>I Didn't Know About You</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1993</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Concord Jazz, Inc.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>CCD-4543</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>3:44</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Karrin Allyson, vocal;
+Russ Long, piano;
+Gerald Spaits, bass;
+Todd Strait, drums</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>CD notes "additional lyric by Karrin Allyson;
+arranged by Russ Long and Karrin Allyson"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1 star</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A1fdovw9ta92k">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3.5 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Kevin Mahogany</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Double Rainbow</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1993</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Enja Records</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>ENJ-7097 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>6:27</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Kevin Mahogany, vocal;
+Kenny Barron, piano;
+Ray Drummond, bass;
+Ralph Moore, tenor saxophone;
+Lewis Nash, drums</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1.5 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Akikbikzjbb19">AMG Rating</a></td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Joe Williams</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Here's to Life</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1994</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Telarc International Corporation</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>CD-83357</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>3:58</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Joe Williams, vocal
+The Robert Farnon [39 piece] Orchestra</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>This CD is also available as part of a 3-CD package from
+Telarc, "Triple Play" (CD-83461)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>black dot</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Amyyvad6kt8w1">AMG Rating</a></td><td>2 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Charles Fambrough</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Keeper of the Spirit</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1995</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>AudioQuest Music</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>AQ-CD1033</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>7:07</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Charles Fambrough, bass;
+Joel Levine, tenor recorder;
+Edward Simon, piano;
+Lenny White, drums;
+Marion Simon, percussion</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>On-line information and samples available at
+<a href="http://wwmusic.com/~music/audioq/rel/1033.html">http://wwmusic.com/~music/audioq/rel/1033.html</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>2 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A5rkcikcjbb89">AMG Rating</a></td><td>unrated</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+</table>
+<hr />
+<p>Also of note:</p>
+<table>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Holly Cole Trio</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Blame It On My Youth</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1992</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Manhattan</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>CDP 7 97349 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>37:45</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Holly Cole, voice;
+Aaron Davis, piano;
+David Piltch, string bass</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Lyrical reference to "Eastern Standard Time" in
+Tom Waits' "Purple Avenue"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>2.5 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A3a9ds37ya3dg">AMG Rating</a></td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>unrated</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Milt Hinton</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Old Man Time</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1990</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Chiaroscuro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>CR(D) 310</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>149:38 (two CDs)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Milt Hinton, bass;
+Doc Cheatham, Dizzy Gillespie, Clark Terry, trumpet;
+Al Grey, trombone;
+Eddie Barefield, Joe Camel (Flip Phillips), Buddy Tate,
+clarinet and saxophone;
+John Bunch, Red Richards, Norman Simmons, Derek Smith,
+Ralph Sutton, piano;
+Danny Barker, Al Casey, guitar;
+Gus Johnson, Gerryck King, Bob Rosengarden, Jackie Williams,
+drums;
+Lionel Hampton, vibraphone;
+Cab Calloway, Joe Williams, vocal;
+Buck Clayton, arrangements</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>tunes include Old Man Time, Time After Time,
+Sometimes I'm Happy,
+A Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight,
+Four or Five Times, Now's the Time,
+Time on My Hands, This Time It's Us,
+and Good Time Charlie
+On-line samples available at
+<a href="http://www.chiaroscurojazz.com/albuminfo.php4?albumid=49">http://www.chiaroscurojazz.com/albuminfo.php3?albumid=49</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A1cbyxdab8ola">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4.5 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Alan Broadbent</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Pacific Standard Time</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1995</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Concord Jazz, Inc.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>CCD-4664</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>62:42</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Alan Broadbent, piano;
+Putter Smith, Bass;
+Frank Gibson, Jr., drums</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>The CD cover features an analemma for equation-of-time fans</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1 star</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Asl8zefuk8gfo">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3.5 stars</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Anthony Braxton/Richard Teitelbaum</td></tr>
+<tr><td>CD</td><td>Silence/Time Zones</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1996</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Label</td><td>Black Lion</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ID</td><td>BLCD 760221</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>72:58</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Anthony Braxton, sopranino and alto saxophones,
+contrebasse clarinet, miscellaneous instruments;
+Leo Smith, trumpet and miscellaneous instruments;
+Leroy Jenkins, violin and miscellaneous instruments;
+Richard Teitelbaum, modular moog and micromoog synthesizer</td></tr>
+<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>black dot</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A5bkvu3xjan1k">AMG Rating</a></td><td>unrated</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Jules Verne</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Book</td><td>Le Tour du Monde en Quatre-Vingts Jours
+(Around the World in Eighty Days)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Wall-clock time plays a central role in the plot.
+European readers of the 1870s clearly held the U.S. press in
+deep contempt; the protagonists cross the U.S. without once
+reading a paper.
+An on-line French-language version of the book
+"with illustrations from the original 1873 French-language edition"
+is available at
+<a href="http://fourmilab.ch/etexts/www/tdm80j">http://fourmilab.ch/etexts/www/tdm80j</a>
+An on-line English-language translation of the book is available at
+<a href="http://www.literature.org/Works/Jules-Verne/eighty">http://www.literature.org/Works/Jules-Verne/eighty</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Film</td><td>Bell Science - About Time</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Notes</td><td>The Frank Baxter/Richard Deacon extravaganza.
+Information is available at
+<a href="http://www.videoflicks.com/titles/1035/1035893.htm">http://www.videoflicks.com/titles/1035/1035893.htm</a></td></tr>
+</table>
+<hr />
+<ul>
+<li>
+An episode of "The Adventures of Superman" entitled "The Mysterious
+Cube," first aired 1958-02-24, had Superman convincing the controllers
+of WWV to broadcast time signals five minutes ahead of actual time;
+doing so got a crook trying to beat the statute of limitations to
+emerge a bit too early from the titular enclosure.
+</li>
+<li>
+The 1960s ITC television series "The Prisoner" included an episode
+entitled "The Chimes of Big Ben" in which our protagonist tumbled to
+the fraudulent nature of a Poland-to-England escape upon hearing "Big
+Ben" chiming on Polish local time.
+</li>
+<li>
+The series "Seinfeld" included an episode entitled "The Susie," first
+broadcast 1997-02-13, in which Kramer decides that daylight saving time
+isn't coming fast enough, so he sets his watch ahead an hour.
+</li>
+<li>
+The syndicated comic strip "Dilbert" featured an all-too-rare example of
+time zone humor on 1998-03-14.
+</li>
+<li>
+Surrealist artist Guy Billout's work "Date Line" appeared on page 103
+of the 1999-11 Atlantic Monthly.
+</li>
+<li>
+"Gloom, Gloom, Go Away" by Walter Kirn appeared on page 106 of Time
+Magazine's 2002-11-11 issue; among other things, it proposed
+year-round DST as a way of lessening wintertime despair.
+</li>
+<li>
+The "20 Hours in America" episode of "The West Wing," first aired 2002-09-25,
+saw White House staffers stranded in Indiana; they thought they had time to
+catch Air Force One but were done in by intra-Indiana local time changes.
+</li>
+<li>
+"In what time zone would you find New York City?" was a $200 question on
+the 1999-11-13 United States airing of "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?"
+"In 1883, what industry led the movement to divide the U.S. into four time
+zones?" was a $32,000 question on the 2001-05-23 United States airing of
+"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" At this rate, the million-dollar time-zone
+question should have been asked 2002-06-04.
+</li>
+</ul>
+<hr />
+<ul>
+<li>
+"We're been using the five-cent nickle in this country since 1492.
+Now that's pretty near 100 years, daylight savings [sic]."
+(Groucho Marx as Captain Spaulding in "Animal Crackers", 1930,
+as noted by Will Fitzerald)
+</li>
+<li>
+"Good news."
+"What did they do? Extend Daylight Saving Time year round?"
+(Professional tanner George Hamilton, in dialog from a
+May, 1999 episode of the syndicated television series "Baywatch")
+</li>
+<li>
+"A fundamental belief held by Americans is that if you are on land, you
+cannot be killed by a fish...So most Americans remain on land, believing
+they're safe. Unfortunately, this belief—like so many myths, such as that
+there's a reason for 'Daylight Saving Time'—is false."
+(Dave Barry column, 2000-07-02)
+</li>
+<li>
+"I once had sex for an hour and five minutes, but that was on the day
+when you turn the clocks ahead."
+(Garry Shandling, 52nd Annual Emmys, 2000-09-10)
+</li>
+<li>
+"Would it impress you if I told you I invented Daylight Savings Time?"
+("Sahjhan" to "Lilah" in dialog from the "Loyalty" episode of "Angel,"
+originally aired 2002-02-25)
+</li>
+<li>
+"I thought you said Tulsa was a three hour flight."
+"Well, you're forgetting about the time difference."
+("Chandler" and "Joey" in dialog from the episode of "Friends" first
+aired 2002-12-05)
+</li>
+<li>
+"Is that a pertinent fact,
+or are you trying to dazzle me with your command of time zones?"
+(Kelsey Grammer as "Frasier Crane")
+</li>
+<li>
+"Don't worry about the world coming to an end today.
+It is already tomorrow in Australia."
+(Charles M. Schulz, provided by Steve Summit)
+</li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>
--- /dev/null
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html
+ PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data</title>
+<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.1/" />
+<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"' />
+<meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul" />
+<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David" />
+<meta name="DC.Date" content="2006-01-20" />
+<meta name="DC.Description"
+ content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time" />
+<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm" />
+<meta name="Keywords"
+ content="database,daylight saving,DST,time zone,timezone,tz,zoneinfo" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data</h1>
+<address>
+@(#)tz-link.htm 7.54
+</address>
+<p>
+Please send corrections to this web page to the
+<a href="mailto:tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov">time zone mailing list</a>.</p>
+<h2>The <code>tz</code> database</h2>
+<p>
+The public-domain time zone database contains code and data
+that represent the history of local time
+for many representative locations around the globe.
+It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies
+to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone">time zone</a>
+boundaries, <a
+href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time"><abbr
+title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</abbr></a> offsets, and
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving">daylight-saving</a>
+rules.
+This database (often called <code>tz</code> or <code>zoneinfo</code>)
+is used by several implementations,
+including
+<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">the
+<abbr title="GNU's Not Unix">GNU</abbr>
+C Library</a> used in
+<a href="http://www.linux.org/"><abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux</a>,
+<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/">FreeBSD</a>,
+<a href="http://www.netbsd.org/">NetBSD</a>,
+<a href="http://www.openbsd.org/">OpenBSD</a>,
+<a href="http://www.cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a>,
+<a href="http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/"><abbr
+title="DJ's GNU Programming Platform">DJGPP</abbr></a>,
+<a href="http://www.hp.com/products1/unix/operating/">HP-UX</a>,
+<a href="http://www.sgi.com/developers/technology/irix/">IRIX</a>,
+<a href="http://www.apple.com/macosx/">Mac OS X</a>,
+<a href="http://h71000.www7.hp.com/">OpenVMS</a>,
+<a href="http://www.sun.com/software/solaris/">Solaris</a>,
+<a href="http://h30097.www3.hp.com/">Tru64</a>, and
+<a href="http://www.sco.com/products/unixware/">UnixWare</a>.</p>
+<p>
+Each location in the database represents a national region where all
+clocks keeping local time have agreed since 1970.
+Locations are identified by continent or ocean and then by the name of
+the location, which is typically the largest city within the region.
+For example, <code>America/New_York</code>
+represents most of the <abbr title="United States">US</abbr> eastern time zone;
+<code>America/Phoenix</code> represents most of Arizona, which
+uses mountain time without daylight saving time (<abbr
+title="daylight saving time">DST</abbr>);
+<code>America/Detroit</code> represents most of Michigan, which uses
+eastern time but with different <abbr>DST</abbr> rules in 1975;
+and other entries represent smaller regions like Starke County,
+Indiana, which switched from central to eastern time in 1991
+and switched back in 2006.
+To use the database on an extended <a
+href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX"><abbr
+title="Portable Operating System Interface">POSIX</abbr></a>
+implementation set the <code>TZ</code> environment variable to
+the location's full name, e.g., <code>TZ="America/New_York"</code>.</p>
+<p>
+In the <code>tz</code> database's
+<a href="ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/"><abbr
+title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</abbr> distribution</a>
+the code is in the file <code>tzcode<var>C</var>.tar.gz</code>,
+where <code><var>C</var></code> is the code's version;
+similarly, the data are in <code>tzdata<var>D</var>.tar.gz</code>,
+where <code><var>D</var></code> is the data's version.
+The following shell commands download
+these files to a <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux or similar host;
+see the downloaded
+<code>README</code> file for what to do next.</p>
+<pre style="margin-left: 2em"><code><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/">wget</a> 'ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tz*.tar.gz'
+<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/">gzip</a> -dc tzcode*.tar.gz | <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/">tar</a> -xf -
+gzip -dc tzdata*.tar.gz | tar -xf -
+</code></pre>
+<p>
+The code lets you compile the <code>tz</code> source files into
+machine-readable binary files, one for each location. It also lets
+you read a <code>tz</code> binary file and interpret time stamps for that
+location.</p>
+<p>
+The data are by no means authoritative. If you find errors, please
+send changes to the <a href="mailto:tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov">time zone
+mailing list</a>. You can also <a
+href="mailto:tz-request@elsie.nci.nih.gov">subscribe</a> to the
+mailing list, retrieve the <a
+href="ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/tzarchive.gz">archive of old
+messages</a> (in gzip compressed format), or retrieve <a
+href="ftp://munnari.oz.au/pub/oldtz/">archived older versions of code
+and data</a>; there is also a smaller <a
+href="http://public.planetmirror.com/pub/timezone/"><abbr
+title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>
+mirror</a>.</p>
+<p>
+The Web has several other sources for time zone and daylight saving time data.
+Here are some recent links that may be of interest.
+</p>
+<h2>Web pages using recent versions of the <code>tz</code> database</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://twiki.org/cgi-bin/xtra/tzdatepick.html">Date and Time Gateway</a>
+is a text-based point-and-click interface to tables of current time
+throughout the world.</li>
+<li>Fancier web interfaces, roughly in ascending order of complexity, include:
+<ul>
+<li><a
+href="http://www.convertit.com/Go/ConvertIt/World_Time/Current_Time.ASP">Current
+Time in 1000 Places</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</a></li>
+</ul></li>
+<li><a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock -
+Time Zones</a>
+is a web interface to a time zone database derived from
+<code>tz</code>'s.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Other time zone database formats</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>The <a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2445.txt">
+Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification
+(iCalendar)</a> specification published by the (now-concluded) <a
+href="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/OLD/calsch-charter.html"><abbr
+title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>
+Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group (<abbr
+title="Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group">calsch</abbr>)</a>
+covers time zone
+data; see its VTIMEZONE calendar component.
+The <a href="http://www.calconnect.org/">Calendaring and Scheduling
+Consortium</a> is promoting further work in this area. <a
+href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/internet-drafts/draft-royer-ical-basic-04.txt">iCalendar
+Basic</a> is a draft simplified definition that omits VTIMEZONE due to
+its complexity, but this removal is expected to appear as an
+independent specification later.</li>
+<li><a
+href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/internet-drafts/draft-royer-timezone-registry-03.txt">Time
+Zone Registry</a> proposes an <a href="http://www.iana.org/"><abbr
+title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">IANA</abbr></a> time zone
+registration process that would establish unique names for each
+version of each <code>tz</code> zone, along with a polygonal
+representation of the geographical area corresponding to the
+zone.</li>
+<li>The <a
+href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-calendar/">www-rdf-calendar</a>
+list discusses <a
+href="http://www.w3.org/RDF/"><abbr
+title="Resource Description Framework">RDF</abbr></a>-based calendar
+and group scheduling systems, and has a <a
+href="http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/#tzd">workspace on time zone
+data</a> converted from <code>tz</code>. An earlier <a
+href="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/foo">schema</a> was sketched out.</li>
+<li><a
+href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/internet-drafts/draft-royer-calsch-xcal-03.txt"><abbr
+title="iCalendar in XML Format">xCal-Basic</abbr></a>
+is a draft <a
+href="http://www.w3.org/XML/"><abbr
+title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr></a> document type
+definition that corresponds to iCalendar.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Other <code>tz</code> compilers</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://dialspace.dial.pipex.com/prod/dialspace/town/pipexdsl/s/asbm26/vzic/">Vzic iCalendar
+Timezone Converter</a> describes a program Vzic that compiles
+<code>tz</code> source into iCalendar-compatible VTIMEZONE files.
+Vzic is freely
+available under the <a
+href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"><abbr>GNU</abbr>
+General Public License (<abbr
+title="General Public License">GPL</abbr>)</a>.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/DateTime-TimeZone/">DateTime::TimeZone</a>
+contains a script <code>parse_olson</code> that compiles
+<code>tz</code> source into <a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl</a>
+modules. It is part of the Perl <a
+href="http://datetime.perl.org/">DateTime Project</a>, which is freely
+available under both the <abbr>GPL</abbr> and the Perl Artistic
+License. DateTime::TimeZone also contains a script
+<code>tests_from_zdump</code> that generates test cases for each clock
+transition in the <code>tz</code> database.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/icu/"><abbr
+title="International Components for Unicode">ICU</abbr></a>
+contains a C/C++ library for internationalization that
+has a compiler from <code>tz</code> source
+into an <abbr>ICU</abbr>-specific format.
+<abbr>ICU</abbr> is freely available under a
+<abbr title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</abbr>-style license.</li>
+<li><a href="http://joda-time.sourceforge.net/">Joda Time - Java date
+and time <abbr title="Application Program Interface">API</abbr></a>
+contains a class
+<code>org.joda.time.tz.ZoneInfoCompiler</code> that compiles
+<code>tz</code> source into a Joda-specific binary format. Joda Time
+is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li>
+<li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/pytz/">PyTZ - Python Time
+Zone Library</a> compiles <code>tz</code> source into
+<a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a>.
+It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li>
+<li><a href="http://tzinfo.rubyforge.org/">TZInfo - Ruby Timezone Library</a>
+compiles <code>tz</code> source into
+<a href="http://www.ruby-lang.org/">Ruby</a>.
+It is freely available under the <abbr
+title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> license.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Other <code>tz</code> binary file readers</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>The <a
+href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/"><abbr>GNU</abbr> C
+Library</a>
+has an independent, thread-safe implementation of
+a <code>tz</code> binary file reader.
+This library is freely available under the
+<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html">
+<abbr>GNU</abbr> Lesser General Public License
+(<abbr title="Lesser General Public License">LGPL</abbr>)</a>,
+and is widely used in <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux systems.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.bmsi.com/java/#TZ">ZoneInfo.java</a>
+is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Java.
+It is freely available under the <abbr>LGPL</abbr>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://s.keim.free.fr/tz/doc.html">Python time zones</a>
+is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Python.
+It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Other <code>tz</code>-based time zone software</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a
+href="http://users.skynet.be/Peter.Verthez/projects/intclock/">International
+clock (intclock)</a> is a multi-timezone clock for
+<abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux and similar systems. It is freely available
+under the <abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/">Sun Java</a> releases since 1.4
+contain a copy of a subset of a recent <code>tz</code> database in a
+Java-specific format.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://www1.tip.nl/~t876506/AboutTimeZonesHC.html">HyperCard
+time zones calculator</a> was a HyperCard stack.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://www.veladg.com/velaterra.html">VelaTerra</a> is
+a Mac OS X program. Its developers
+<a href="http://www.veladg.com/tzoffer.html">offer free
+licenses</a> to <code>tz</code> contributors.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://www.cimmyt.org/timezone/">World Time Explorer</a> is a
+Microsoft Windows program.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Other time zone databases</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://www.astro.com/cgi/aq.cgi?lang=e">Atlas Query</a>
+is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's
+excellent time zone history atlases published in both <a
+href="http://astrocom.com/products/software.php?software_id=ibmwboth">computer</a>
+and book form (<a
+href="http://astrocom.com/products/book.php?book_id=b110x">one volume
+for the USA</a>, and <a
+href="http://astrocom.com/products/book.php?book_id=b112x">one for
+other locations</a>) by <a
+href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Communications Services</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://worldtime.com/">WORLDTIME: interactive atlas,
+time info, public holidays</a>
+contains information on local time, sunrise and sunset,
+and public holidays in several hundred cities around the world.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/">World Time Server</a>
+is another time zone database.</li>
+<li><a href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html">World Time Zones</a>
+contains data from the Time Service Department of the
+<abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory, used as the source
+for the <code>usno*</code> files in the <code>tz</code> distribution.</li>
+<li>The <a href="http://www.iata.org/ps/publications/9179.htm">Standard
+Schedules Information Manual</a> of the
+<a href="http://www.iata.org/index.htm">International Air Transport
+Association</a>
+gives current time zone rules for airports served by commercial aviation.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Maps</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>The <a href="http://www.odci.gov/">United States Central
+Intelligence Agency (<abbr
+title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr>)</a> publishes a <a
+href="http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/reference_maps/pdf/time_zones.pdf">time
+zone map</a>; the
+<a
+href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/world.html">Perry-Castañeda
+Library Map Collection</a>
+of the University of Texas at Austin has copies of
+recent editions.
+The pictorial quality is good,
+but the maps do not indicate summer time,
+and parts of the data are a few years out of date.</li>
+<li><a href="http://worldtimezone.com/">Current time around the world
+and standard time zones map of the world</a>
+has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia particularly well.
+The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the
+<abbr>CIA</abbr>'s
+but the maps are more up to date.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Time zone boundaries</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://www.statoids.com/statoids.html">Administrative Divisions
+of Countries ("Statoids")</a> contains detailed lists of
+<code>tz</code>-related zone subdivision data.</li>
+<li><a href="http://home-4.tiscali.nl/~t876506/Multizones.html">Time
+zone boundaries for multizone countries</a> summarizes legal
+boundaries between time zones within countries.</li>
+<li>Manifold.net's <a
+href="http://www.manifold.net/download/freemaps.html">Free Maps and
+<abbr title="Geographic Information Systems">GIS</abbr>
+Data</a> includes a Manifold-format map of
+world time zone boundaries distributed under the
+<abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li>
+<li>The <abbr>US</abbr> Geological Survey's National Atlas of
+the United States
+publishes the <a href="http://nationalatlas.gov/mld/timeznp.html">Time
+Zones of the United States</a> in the public domain.</li>
+<li>The GeoCommunity lists several commercial sources for <a
+href="http://spatialnews.geocomm.com/features/timezones/">International
+Time Zones and Time Zone Data</a>.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Civil time concepts and history</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/time.html">A
+Walk through Time</a>
+surveys the evolution of timekeeping.</li>
+<li><a href="http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/">About Daylight
+Saving Time - History, rationale, laws & dates</a>
+is an overall history of <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.energy.ca.gov/daylightsaving.html">Saving Time,
+Saving Energy</a> discusses a primary justification for <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.seizethedaylight.com/dst/">Who Knew? A Brief
+History of Daylight Saving Time</a> summarizes some of the contentious
+history of <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/">The
+Time of Internet</a>
+describes time zones and daylight saving time,
+with diagrams.
+The time zone map is out of date, however.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm">A History of
+the International Date Line</a> tells the story of the most important
+time zone boundary.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.statoids.com/tconcept.html">Basic Time
+Zone Concepts</a> discusses terminological issues behind time zones.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>National histories of legal time</h2>
+<dl>
+<dt>Australia</dt>
+<dd>The Bureau of Metrology publishes a list of
+<a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml">Implementation Dates of Daylight Savings Time within Australia</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Austria</dt>
+<dd>The Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying publishes a
+table of <a href="http://www.metrologie.at/pdf/sommerzeit.pdf"
+hreflang="de">daylight saving time in Austria (in German)</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Belgium</dt>
+<dd>The Royal Observatory of Belgium maintains a table of <a
+href="http://www.astro.oma.be/GENERAL/INFO/nli001a.html"
+hreflang="nl">time in Belgium (in Dutch)</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Brazil</dt>
+<dd>The Time Service Department of the National Observatory
+records <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html"
+hreflang="pt-BR">Brazil's daylight saving time decrees (in
+Portuguese)</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Canada</dt>
+<dd>The Institute for National Measurement Standards publishes current
+and some older information about <a
+href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">Time
+Zones & Daylight Saving Time</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Chile</dt>
+<dd>WebExhibits publishes a <a
+href="http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/chile.html"
+hreflang="es">history of official time (in Spanish)</a> originally
+written by the Chilean Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service.</dd>
+<dt>Germany</dt>
+<dd>The National Institute for Science and Technology maintains the <a
+href="http://www.ptb.de/en/org/4/44/441/dars_e.htm">Realisation of
+Legal Time in Germany</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Israel</dt>
+<dd>The Interior Ministry periodically issues <a
+href="ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/"
+hreflang="he">announcements (in Hebrew)</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Mexico</dt>
+<dd>The Investigation and Analysis Service of the Mexican Library of
+Congress has published a <a
+href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/"
+hreflang="es">history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)</a>.</dd>
+<dt>Malaysia</dt>
+<dd>See Singapore below.</dd>
+<dt>Netherlands</dt>
+<dd><a href="http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm"
+hreflang="nl">Legal time in the Netherlands (in Dutch)</a>
+covers the history of local time in the Netherlands from ancient times.</dd>
+<dt>New Zealand</dt>
+<dd>The Department of Internal Affairs maintains a brief history <a
+href="http://www.dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Resource-material-Information-We-Provide-About-Daylight-Saving">About
+Daylight Saving</a>. The privately-maintained <a
+href="http://www.astrologyschool.com/nztime.html">History of New Zealand
+time</a> has more details.</dd>
+<dt>Norway</dt>
+<dd>The Norwegian Meteorological Institute lists
+<a href="http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html" hreflang="no">Summer
+time in Norway (in Norwegian)</a>, citing the
+Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, Oslo.</dd>
+<dt>Singapore</dt>
+<dd><a
+href="http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html">Why
+is Singapore in the "Wrong" Time Zone?</a> details the
+history of legal time in Singapore and Malaysia.</dd>
+<dt>United Kingdom</dt>
+<dd><a
+href="http://www.srcf.ucam.org/~jsm28/british-time/">History of
+legal time in Britain</a> discusses in detail the country
+with perhaps the best-documented history of clock adjustments.
+The National Physical Laboratory also maintains an <a
+href="http://www.npl.co.uk/time/summer_time_archive.html">Archive
+of Summer time dates</a>.</dd>
+</dl>
+<h2>Precision timekeeping</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a
+href="http://literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5965-7984E.pdf">The
+Science of Timekeeping</a> is a thorough introduction
+to the theory and practice of precision timekeeping.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/"><abbr
+title="Network Time Protocol">NTP</abbr>: The Network
+Time Protocol</a>
+discusses how to synchronize clocks of
+Internet hosts.</li>
+<li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.html">A Few
+Facts Concerning <abbr title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</abbr>, <abbr
+title="Universal Time">UT</abbr>, and
+the <abbr title="Royal Greenwich Observatory">RGO</abbr></a>
+answers questions like "What is the
+difference between <abbr>GMT</abbr> and <abbr>UTC</abbr>?"</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~rfisher/Ephemerides/times.html">Astronomical
+Times</a> explains more abstruse astronomical time scales like
+<abbr title="Terrestrial Dynamic Time">TDT</abbr>,
+<abbr title="Geocentric Coordinate Time">TCG</abbr>, and
+<abbr title="Barycentric Dynamic Time">TDB</abbr>.
+<a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/timescales.html">Time
+Scales</a> goes into more detail, particularly for historical variants.</li>
+<li>The <a href="http://www.iau.org/"><abbr
+title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</abbr></a>'s <a
+href="http://www.iau-sofa.rl.ac.uk/"><abbr
+title="Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy">SOFA</abbr></a>
+initiative publishes Fortran
+code for converting among time scales like
+<abbr title="International Atomic Time">TAI</abbr>,
+<abbr>TDB</abbr>, <abbr>TDT</abbr> and
+<abbr>UTC</abbr>.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/basics/bsf2-3.htm">Basics of
+Space Flight - Reference Systems - Time Conventions</a>
+briefly explains interplanetary space flight timekeeping.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html">Technical
+Notes on Mars Solar Time as Adopted by the Mars24 Sunclock</a> briefly
+describes Mars Coordinated Time (<abbr
+title="Mars Coordinated Time">MTC</abbr>) and the
+diverse local time
+scales used by each landed mission on Mars.</li>
+<li><a href="http://www.leapsecond.com/">LeapSecond.com</a> is
+dedicated not only to leap seconds but to precise time and frequency
+in general. It covers the state of the art in amateur timekeeping, and
+how the art has progressed over the past few decades.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/products/bulletins/bulletins.html">Bulletins
+maintained by the
+<abbr title="International Earth Rotation Service">IERS</abbr>
+<abbr title="Earth Orientation Parameters">EOP</abbr>
+(<abbr title="Product Center">PC</abbr>)</a> contains official publications of
+the Earth Orientation Parameters Product Center of the
+International Earth Rotation Service, the committee that decides
+when leap seconds occur.</li>
+<li>The <a
+href="http://www.mail-archive.com/leapsecs@rom.usno.navy.mil/">Leap
+Second Discussion List</a> and <a
+href="http://rom.usno.navy.mil/archives/leapsecs.html">archive</a> covers <a
+href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/papers.pdf/gpsworld.november99.pdf">McCarthy
+and Klepczynski's proposal to discontinue leap seconds</a>, published in <a
+href="http://www.gpsworld.com/gpsworld/"><abbr
+title="Global Positioning System">GPS</abbr> World</a>
+<strong>10</strong>, 11
+(1999-11), 50–57 and discussed further in R. A. Nelson et al.,
+<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/time/metrologia-leapsecond.pdf">The
+leap second: its history and possible future</a>,
+<a href="http://www.bipm.fr/metrologia/index.html">Metrologia</a>
+<strong>38</strong> (2001), 509–529.
+<a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/">The
+Future of Leap Seconds</a> covers this
+contentious issue.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Time notation</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>
+<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html">A Summary of
+the International Standard Date and Time Notation</a> is a good
+summary of
+<a
+href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=40874"><abbr
+title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr>
+8601:2004 -- Data elements and interchange formats -- Information
+interchange -- Representation of dates and times</a>.</li>
+<li>
+<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime"><abbr>XML</abbr>
+Schema: Datatypes - dateTime</a> specifies a format inspired by
+<abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601 that is in common use in <abbr>XML</abbr> data.</li>
+<li>
+Section 3.3 of <a
+href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2822.txt">Internet
+<abbr title="Request For Comments">RFC</abbr> 2822</a>
+specifies the time notation used in email and <a
+href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2616.txt"><abbr>HTTP</abbr></a>
+headers.</li>
+<li>
+<a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3339.txt">Internet
+<abbr>RFC</abbr> 3339</a> specifies an <abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601
+profile for use in new Internet
+protocols.</li>
+<li>
+<a href="http://www.hackcraft.net/web/datetime/">Date & Time
+Formats on the Web</a> surveys web- and Internet-oriented date and time
+formats.</li>
+<li>
+<a href="http://www.exit109.com/~ghealton/y2k/yrexamples.html">The
+Best of Dates, the Worst of Dates</a> covers many problems encountered
+by software developers when handling dates and time stamps.</li>
+<li><a
+href="http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/icu/"><abbr>ICU</abbr></a>
+contains a mechanism for localizing time zone
+labels and abbreviations; for example, one can use it to specify
+Russian translations for "Eastern European Summer Time",
+"<abbr title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</abbr>",
+and <code>Europe/Bucharest</code>.
+This mechanism is part of the
+<a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/">Unicode
+<abbr title="Common Locale Data Repository">CLDR</abbr> Project</a>;
+for example, the <a
+href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/diff/by_type/dates_timeZoneNames.html"><abbr>CLDR</abbr> Sideways Data for dates_timeZoneNames</a>
+shows values for time zone names in many locales.</li>
+<li>Alphabetic time zone abbreviations should not be used as unique
+identifiers for <abbr>UTC</abbr> offsets as they are ambiguous in
+practice. For example, "<abbr>EST</abbr>" denotes 5 hours behind
+<abbr>UTC</abbr> in English-speaking North America, but it denotes 10
+or 11 hours ahead of <abbr>UTC</abbr> in Australia; and
+French-speaking North Americans prefer
+"<abbr title="Heure Normale de l'Est">HNE</abbr>" to
+"<abbr>EST</abbr>". For <abbr>POSIX</abbr> the <code>tz</code>
+database contains English abbreviations for all time stamps but in
+many cases these are merely inventions of the database
+maintainers.</li>
+<li>Numeric time zone abbreviations typically count hours east of
+<abbr>UTC</abbr>, e.g., <code>+09</code> for Japan and
+<code>-10</code> for Hawaii. However, the <abbr>POSIX</abbr>
+<code>TZ</code> environment variable uses the opposite convention. For
+example, one might use <code>TZ="JST-9"</code> and
+<code>TZ="HST10"</code> for Japan and Hawaii, respectively. If the
+<code>tz</code> database is available, it is usually better to use
+settings like <code>TZ="Asia/Tokyo"</code> and
+<code>TZ="Pacific/Honolulu"</code> instead, as this should avoid
+confusion, handle old time stamps better, and insulate you better from
+any future changes to the rules. One should never set
+<abbr>POSIX</abbr> <code>TZ</code> to a value like
+<code>"GMT-9"</code>, though, since this would falsely claim that
+local time is nine hours ahead of <abbr>UTC</abbr> and the time zone
+is called "<abbr>GMT</abbr>".</li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Related indexes</h2>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="tz-art.htm">Time and the Arts</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory -
+Reference: Time</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://directory.google.com/Top/Reference/Time/">Google Directory
+- Reference > Time</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time/">Yahoo!
+Directory > Science > Measurements and Units > Time</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>
--- /dev/null
+.TH TZFILE 5
+.SH NAME
+tzfile \- time zone information
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B
+#include <tzfile.h>
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The time zone information files used by
+.IR tzset (3)
+begin with the magic characters "TZif" to identify then as
+time zone information files,
+followed by sixteen bytes reserved for future use,
+followed by six four-byte values of type
+.BR long ,
+written in a ``standard'' byte order
+(the high-order byte of the value is written first).
+These values are,
+in order:
+.TP
+.I tzh_ttisgmtcnt
+The number of UTC/local indicators stored in the file.
+.TP
+.I tzh_ttisstdcnt
+The number of standard/wall indicators stored in the file.
+.TP
+.I tzh_leapcnt
+The number of leap seconds for which data is stored in the file.
+.TP
+.I tzh_timecnt
+The number of "transition times" for which data is stored
+in the file.
+.TP
+.I tzh_typecnt
+The number of "local time types" for which data is stored
+in the file (must not be zero).
+.TP
+.I tzh_charcnt
+The number of characters of "time zone abbreviation strings"
+stored in the file.
+.PP
+The above header is followed by
+.I tzh_timecnt
+four-byte values of type
+.BR long ,
+sorted in ascending order.
+These values are written in ``standard'' byte order.
+Each is used as a transition time (as returned by
+.IR time (2))
+at which the rules for computing local time change.
+Next come
+.I tzh_timecnt
+one-byte values of type
+.BR "unsigned char" ;
+each one tells which of the different types of ``local time'' types
+described in the file is associated with the same-indexed transition time.
+These values serve as indices into an array of
+.I ttinfo
+structures that appears next in the file;
+these structures are defined as follows:
+.in +.5i
+.sp
+.nf
+.ta .5i +\w'unsigned int\0\0'u
+struct ttinfo {
+ long tt_gmtoff;
+ int tt_isdst;
+ unsigned int tt_abbrind;
+};
+.in -.5i
+.fi
+.sp
+Each structure is written as a four-byte value for
+.I tt_gmtoff
+of type
+.BR long ,
+in a standard byte order, followed by a one-byte value for
+.I tt_isdst
+and a one-byte value for
+.IR tt_abbrind .
+In each structure,
+.I tt_gmtoff
+gives the number of seconds to be added to UTC,
+.I tt_isdst
+tells whether
+.I tm_isdst
+should be set by
+.I localtime (3)
+and
+.I tt_abbrind
+serves as an index into the array of time zone abbreviation characters
+that follow the
+.I ttinfo
+structure(s) in the file.
+.PP
+Then there are
+.I tzh_leapcnt
+pairs of four-byte values, written in standard byte order;
+the first value of each pair gives the time
+(as returned by
+.IR time(2))
+at which a leap second occurs;
+the second gives the
+.I total
+number of leap seconds to be applied after the given time.
+The pairs of values are sorted in ascending order by time.
+.PP
+Then there are
+.I tzh_ttisstdcnt
+standard/wall indicators, each stored as a one-byte value;
+they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types
+were specified as standard time or wall clock time,
+and are used when a time zone file is used in handling POSIX-style
+time zone environment variables.
+.PP
+Finally there are
+.I tzh_ttisgmtcnt
+UTC/local indicators, each stored as a one-byte value;
+they tell whether the transition times associated with local time types
+were specified as UTC or local time,
+and are used when a time zone file is used in handling POSIX-style
+time zone environment variables.
+.PP
+.I Localtime
+uses the first standard-time
+.I ttinfo
+structure in the file
+(or simply the first
+.I ttinfo
+structure in the absence of a standard-time structure)
+if either
+.I tzh_timecnt
+is zero or the time argument is less than the first transition time recorded
+in the file.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+newctime(3)
+.\" @(#)tzfile.5 7.12
+.\" This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+.\" 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ tzfile - time zone information
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ #include <tzfile.h>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ The time zone information files used by tzset(3) begin with
+ the magic characters "TZif" to identify then as time zone
+ information files, followed by sixteen bytes reserved for
+ future use, followed by six four-byte values of type long,
+ written in a ``standard'' byte order (the high-order byte of
+ the value is written first). These values are, in order:
+
+ tzh_ttisgmtcnt
+ The number of UTC/local indicators stored in the file.
+
+ tzh_ttisstdcnt
+ The number of standard/wall indicators stored in the
+ file.
+
+ tzh_leapcnt
+ The number of leap seconds for which data is stored in
+ the file.
+
+ tzh_timecnt
+ The number of "transition times" for which data is
+ stored in the file.
+
+ tzh_typecnt
+ The number of "local time types" for which data is
+ stored in the file (must not be zero).
+
+ tzh_charcnt
+ The number of characters of "time zone abbreviation
+ strings" stored in the file.
+
+ The above header is followed by tzh_timecnt four-byte values
+ of type long, sorted in ascending order. These values are
+ written in ``standard'' byte order. Each is used as a
+ transition time (as returned by time(2)) at which the rules
+ for computing local time change. Next come tzh_timecnt
+ one-byte values of type unsigned char; each one tells which
+ of the different types of ``local time'' types described in
+ the file is associated with the same-indexed transition
+ time. These values serve as indices into an array of ttinfo
+ structures that appears next in the file; these structures
+ are defined as follows:
+
+ struct ttinfo {
+ long tt_gmtoff;
+ int tt_isdst;
+ unsigned int tt_abbrind;
+ };
+
+ Each structure is written as a four-byte value for tt_gmtoff
+ of type long, in a standard byte order, followed by a one-
+ byte value for tt_isdst and a one-byte value for tt_abbrind.
+ In each structure, tt_gmtoff gives the number of seconds to
+ be added to UTC, tt_isdst tells whether tm_isdst should be
+ set by localtime (3) and tt_abbrind serves as an index into
+ the array of time zone abbreviation characters that follow
+ the ttinfo structure(s) in the file.
+
+ Then there are tzh_leapcnt pairs of four-byte values,
+ written in standard byte order; the first value of each pair
+ gives the time (as returned by time(2)) at which a leap
+ second occurs; the second gives the total number of leap
+ seconds to be applied after the given time. The pairs of
+ values are sorted in ascending order by time.
+
+ Then there are tzh_ttisstdcnt standard/wall indicators, each
+ stored as a one-byte value; they tell whether the transition
+ times associated with local time types were specified as
+ standard time or wall clock time, and are used when a time
+ zone file is used in handling POSIX-style time zone
+ environment variables.
+
+ Finally there are tzh_ttisgmtcnt UTC/local indicators, each
+ stored as a one-byte value; they tell whether the transition
+ times associated with local time types were specified as UTC
+ or local time, and are used when a time zone file is used in
+ handling POSIX-style time zone environment variables.
+
+ Localtime uses the first standard-time ttinfo structure in
+ the file (or simply the first ttinfo structure in the
+ absence of a standard-time structure) if either tzh_timecnt
+ is zero or the time argument is less than the first
+ transition time recorded in the file.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ newctime(3)
--- /dev/null
+#ifndef TZFILE_H
+
+#define TZFILE_H
+
+/*
+** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+** 1996-06-05 by Arthur David Olson.
+*/
+
+/*
+** This header is for use ONLY with the time conversion code.
+** There is no guarantee that it will remain unchanged,
+** or that it will remain at all.
+** Do NOT copy it to any system include directory.
+** Thank you!
+*/
+
+/*
+** ID
+*/
+
+#ifndef lint
+#ifndef NOID
+static char tzfilehid[] = "@(#)tzfile.h 7.18";
+#endif /* !defined NOID */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+
+/*
+** Information about time zone files.
+*/
+
+#ifndef TZDIR
+#define TZDIR "/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo" /* Time zone object file directory */
+#endif /* !defined TZDIR */
+
+#ifndef TZDEFAULT
+#define TZDEFAULT "localtime"
+#endif /* !defined TZDEFAULT */
+
+#ifndef TZDEFRULES
+#define TZDEFRULES "posixrules"
+#endif /* !defined TZDEFRULES */
+
+/*
+** Each file begins with. . .
+*/
+
+#define TZ_MAGIC "TZif"
+
+struct tzhead {
+ char tzh_magic[4]; /* TZ_MAGIC */
+ char tzh_reserved[16]; /* reserved for future use */
+ char tzh_ttisgmtcnt[4]; /* coded number of trans. time flags */
+ char tzh_ttisstdcnt[4]; /* coded number of trans. time flags */
+ char tzh_leapcnt[4]; /* coded number of leap seconds */
+ char tzh_timecnt[4]; /* coded number of transition times */
+ char tzh_typecnt[4]; /* coded number of local time types */
+ char tzh_charcnt[4]; /* coded number of abbr. chars */
+};
+
+/*
+** . . .followed by. . .
+**
+** tzh_timecnt (char [4])s coded transition times a la time(2)
+** tzh_timecnt (unsigned char)s types of local time starting at above
+** tzh_typecnt repetitions of
+** one (char [4]) coded UTC offset in seconds
+** one (unsigned char) used to set tm_isdst
+** one (unsigned char) that's an abbreviation list index
+** tzh_charcnt (char)s '\0'-terminated zone abbreviations
+** tzh_leapcnt repetitions of
+** one (char [4]) coded leap second transition times
+** one (char [4]) total correction after above
+** tzh_ttisstdcnt (char)s indexed by type; if TRUE, transition
+** time is standard time, if FALSE,
+** transition time is wall clock time
+** if absent, transition times are
+** assumed to be wall clock time
+** tzh_ttisgmtcnt (char)s indexed by type; if TRUE, transition
+** time is UTC, if FALSE,
+** transition time is local time
+** if absent, transition times are
+** assumed to be local time
+*/
+
+/*
+** In the current implementation, "tzset()" refuses to deal with files that
+** exceed any of the limits below.
+*/
+
+#ifndef TZ_MAX_TIMES
+/*
+** The TZ_MAX_TIMES value below is enough to handle a bit more than a
+** year's worth of solar time (corrected daily to the nearest second) or
+** 138 years of Pacific Presidential Election time
+** (where there are three time zone transitions every fourth year).
+*/
+#define TZ_MAX_TIMES 370
+#endif /* !defined TZ_MAX_TIMES */
+
+#ifndef TZ_MAX_TYPES
+#ifndef NOSOLAR
+#define TZ_MAX_TYPES 256 /* Limited by what (unsigned char)'s can hold */
+#endif /* !defined NOSOLAR */
+#ifdef NOSOLAR
+/*
+** Must be at least 14 for Europe/Riga as of Jan 12 1995,
+** as noted by Earl Chew.
+*/
+#define TZ_MAX_TYPES 20 /* Maximum number of local time types */
+#endif /* !defined NOSOLAR */
+#endif /* !defined TZ_MAX_TYPES */
+
+#ifndef TZ_MAX_CHARS
+#define TZ_MAX_CHARS 50 /* Maximum number of abbreviation characters */
+ /* (limited by what unsigned chars can hold) */
+#endif /* !defined TZ_MAX_CHARS */
+
+#ifndef TZ_MAX_LEAPS
+#define TZ_MAX_LEAPS 50 /* Maximum number of leap second corrections */
+#endif /* !defined TZ_MAX_LEAPS */
+
+#define SECSPERMIN 60
+#define MINSPERHOUR 60
+#define HOURSPERDAY 24
+#define DAYSPERWEEK 7
+#define DAYSPERNYEAR 365
+#define DAYSPERLYEAR 366
+#define SECSPERHOUR (SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR)
+#define SECSPERDAY ((long) SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY)
+#define MONSPERYEAR 12
+
+#define TM_SUNDAY 0
+#define TM_MONDAY 1
+#define TM_TUESDAY 2
+#define TM_WEDNESDAY 3
+#define TM_THURSDAY 4
+#define TM_FRIDAY 5
+#define TM_SATURDAY 6
+
+#define TM_JANUARY 0
+#define TM_FEBRUARY 1
+#define TM_MARCH 2
+#define TM_APRIL 3
+#define TM_MAY 4
+#define TM_JUNE 5
+#define TM_JULY 6
+#define TM_AUGUST 7
+#define TM_SEPTEMBER 8
+#define TM_OCTOBER 9
+#define TM_NOVEMBER 10
+#define TM_DECEMBER 11
+
+#define TM_YEAR_BASE 1900
+
+#define EPOCH_YEAR 1970
+#define EPOCH_WDAY TM_THURSDAY
+
+#define isleap(y) (((y) % 4) == 0 && (((y) % 100) != 0 || ((y) % 400) == 0))
+
+/*
+** Since everything in isleap is modulo 400 (or a factor of 400), we know that
+** isleap(y) == isleap(y % 400)
+** and so
+** isleap(a + b) == isleap((a + b) % 400)
+** or
+** isleap(a + b) == isleap(a % 400 + b % 400)
+** This is true even if % means modulo rather than Fortran remainder
+** (which is allowed by C89 but not C99).
+** We use this to avoid addition overflow problems.
+*/
+
+#define isleap_sum(a, b) isleap((a) % 400 + (b) % 400)
+
+#endif /* !defined TZFILE_H */
--- /dev/null
+.TH TZSELECT 8
+.SH NAME
+tzselect \- select a time zone
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B tzselect
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.B tzselect
+program asks the user for information about the current location,
+and outputs the resulting time zone description to standard output.
+The output is suitable as a value for the TZ environment variable.
+.PP
+All interaction with the user is done via standard input and standard error.
+.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
+.TP
+\f3AWK\fP
+Name of a Posix-compliant
+.I awk
+program (default:
+.BR awk ).
+.TP
+\f3TZDIR\fP
+Name of the directory containing time zone data files (default:
+.BR /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo ).
+.SH FILES
+.TP
+\f2TZDIR\fP\f3/iso3166.tab\fP
+Table of ISO 3166 2-letter country codes and country names.
+.TP
+\f2TZDIR\fP\f3/zone.tab\fP
+Table of country codes, latitude and longitude, TZ values, and
+descriptive comments.
+.TP
+\f2TZDIR\fP\f3/\fP\f2TZ\fP
+Time zone data file for time zone \f2TZ\fP.
+.SH "EXIT STATUS"
+The exit status is zero if a time zone was successfully obtained from the user,
+nonzero otherwise.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+newctime(3), tzfile(5), zdump(8), zic(8)
+.\" @(#)tzselect.8 1.3
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ tzselect - select a time zone
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ tzselect
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ The tzselect program asks the user for information about the
+ current location, and outputs the resulting time zone
+ description to standard output. The output is suitable as a
+ value for the TZ environment variable.
+
+ All interaction with the user is done via standard input and
+ standard error.
+
+ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+ AWK Name of a Posix-compliant awk program (default: awk).
+
+ TZDIR
+ Name of the directory containing time zone data files
+ (default: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo).
+
+FILES
+ TZDIR/iso3166.tab
+ Table of ISO 3166 2-letter country codes and country
+ names.
+
+ TZDIR/zone.tab
+ Table of country codes, latitude and longitude, TZ
+ values, and descriptive comments.
+
+ TZDIR/TZ
+ Time zone data file for time zone TZ.
+
+EXIT STATUS
+ The exit status is zero if a time zone was successfully
+ obtained from the user, nonzero otherwise.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ newctime(3), tzfile(5), zdump(8), zic(8)
--- /dev/null
+#! /bin/ksh
+
+# '@(#)tzselect.ksh 1.8'
+
+# Ask the user about the time zone, and output the resulting TZ value to stdout.
+# Interact with the user via stderr and stdin.
+
+# Contributed by Paul Eggert.
+
+# Porting notes:
+#
+# This script requires several features of the Korn shell.
+# If your host lacks the Korn shell,
+# you can use either of the following free programs instead:
+#
+# <a href=ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/>
+# Bourne-Again shell (bash)
+# </a>
+#
+# <a href=ftp://ftp.cs.mun.ca/pub/pdksh/pdksh.tar.gz>
+# Public domain ksh
+# </a>
+#
+# This script also uses several features of modern awk programs.
+# If your host lacks awk, or has an old awk that does not conform to Posix.2,
+# you can use either of the following free programs instead:
+#
+# <a href=ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/>
+# GNU awk (gawk)
+# </a>
+#
+# <a href=ftp://ftp.whidbey.net/pub/brennan/>
+# mawk
+# </a>
+
+
+# Specify default values for environment variables if they are unset.
+: ${AWK=awk}
+: ${TZDIR=$(pwd)}
+
+# Check for awk Posix compliance.
+($AWK -v x=y 'BEGIN { exit 123 }') </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1
+[ $? = 123 ] || {
+ echo >&2 "$0: Sorry, your \`$AWK' program is not Posix compatible."
+ exit 1
+}
+
+# Make sure the tables are readable.
+TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE=$TZDIR/iso3166.tab
+TZ_ZONE_TABLE=$TZDIR/zone.tab
+for f in $TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE $TZ_ZONE_TABLE
+do
+ <$f || {
+ echo >&2 "$0: time zone files are not set up correctly"
+ exit 1
+ }
+done
+
+newline='
+'
+IFS=$newline
+
+
+# Work around a bug in bash 1.14.7 and earlier, where $PS3 is sent to stdout.
+case $(echo 1 | (select x in x; do break; done) 2>/dev/null) in
+?*) PS3=
+esac
+
+
+# Begin the main loop. We come back here if the user wants to retry.
+while
+
+ echo >&2 'Please identify a location' \
+ 'so that time zone rules can be set correctly.'
+
+ continent=
+ country=
+ region=
+
+
+ # Ask the user for continent or ocean.
+
+ echo >&2 'Please select a continent or ocean.'
+
+ select continent in \
+ Africa \
+ Americas \
+ Antarctica \
+ 'Arctic Ocean' \
+ Asia \
+ 'Atlantic Ocean' \
+ Australia \
+ Europe \
+ 'Indian Ocean' \
+ 'Pacific Ocean' \
+ 'none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.'
+ do
+ case $continent in
+ '')
+ echo >&2 'Please enter a number in range.';;
+ ?*)
+ case $continent in
+ Americas) continent=America;;
+ *' '*) continent=$(expr "$continent" : '\([^ ]*\)')
+ esac
+ break
+ esac
+ done
+ case $continent in
+ '')
+ exit 1;;
+ none)
+ # Ask the user for a Posix TZ string. Check that it conforms.
+ while
+ echo >&2 'Please enter the desired value' \
+ 'of the TZ environment variable.'
+ echo >&2 'For example, GST-10 is a zone named GST' \
+ 'that is 10 hours ahead (east) of UTC.'
+ read TZ
+ $AWK -v TZ="$TZ" 'BEGIN {
+ tzname = "[^-+,0-9][^-+,0-9][^-+,0-9]+"
+ time = "[0-2]?[0-9](:[0-5][0-9](:[0-5][0-9])?)?"
+ offset = "[-+]?" time
+ date = "(J?[0-9]+|M[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+)"
+ datetime = "," date "(/" time ")?"
+ tzpattern = "^(:.*|" tzname offset "(" tzname \
+ "(" offset ")?(" datetime datetime ")?)?)$"
+ if (TZ ~ tzpattern) exit 1
+ exit 0
+ }'
+ do
+ echo >&2 "\`$TZ' is not a conforming" \
+ 'Posix time zone string.'
+ done
+ TZ_for_date=$TZ;;
+ *)
+ # Get list of names of countries in the continent or ocean.
+ countries=$($AWK -F'\t' \
+ -v continent="$continent" \
+ -v TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE="$TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE" \
+ '
+ /^#/ { next }
+ $3 ~ ("^" continent "/") {
+ if (!cc_seen[$1]++) cc_list[++ccs] = $1
+ }
+ END {
+ while (getline <TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE) {
+ if ($0 !~ /^#/) cc_name[$1] = $2
+ }
+ for (i = 1; i <= ccs; i++) {
+ country = cc_list[i]
+ if (cc_name[country]) {
+ country = cc_name[country]
+ }
+ print country
+ }
+ }
+ ' <$TZ_ZONE_TABLE | sort -f)
+
+
+ # If there's more than one country, ask the user which one.
+ case $countries in
+ *"$newline"*)
+ echo >&2 'Please select a country.'
+ select country in $countries
+ do
+ case $country in
+ '') echo >&2 'Please enter a number in range.';;
+ ?*) break
+ esac
+ done
+
+ case $country in
+ '') exit 1
+ esac;;
+ *)
+ country=$countries
+ esac
+
+
+ # Get list of names of time zone rule regions in the country.
+ regions=$($AWK -F'\t' \
+ -v country="$country" \
+ -v TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE="$TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE" \
+ '
+ BEGIN {
+ cc = country
+ while (getline <TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE) {
+ if ($0 !~ /^#/ && country == $2) {
+ cc = $1
+ break
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ $1 == cc { print $4 }
+ ' <$TZ_ZONE_TABLE)
+
+
+ # If there's more than one region, ask the user which one.
+ case $regions in
+ *"$newline"*)
+ echo >&2 'Please select one of the following' \
+ 'time zone regions.'
+ select region in $regions
+ do
+ case $region in
+ '') echo >&2 'Please enter a number in range.';;
+ ?*) break
+ esac
+ done
+ case $region in
+ '') exit 1
+ esac;;
+ *)
+ region=$regions
+ esac
+
+ # Determine TZ from country and region.
+ TZ=$($AWK -F'\t' \
+ -v country="$country" \
+ -v region="$region" \
+ -v TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE="$TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE" \
+ '
+ BEGIN {
+ cc = country
+ while (getline <TZ_COUNTRY_TABLE) {
+ if ($0 !~ /^#/ && country == $2) {
+ cc = $1
+ break
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ $1 == cc && $4 == region { print $3 }
+ ' <$TZ_ZONE_TABLE)
+
+ # Make sure the corresponding zoneinfo file exists.
+ TZ_for_date=$TZDIR/$TZ
+ <$TZ_for_date || {
+ echo >&2 "$0: time zone files are not set up correctly"
+ exit 1
+ }
+ esac
+
+
+ # Use the proposed TZ to output the current date relative to UTC.
+ # Loop until they agree in seconds.
+ # Give up after 8 unsuccessful tries.
+
+ extra_info=
+ for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
+ do
+ TZdate=$(LANG=C TZ="$TZ_for_date" date)
+ UTdate=$(LANG=C TZ=UTC0 date)
+ TZsec=$(expr "$TZdate" : '.*:\([0-5][0-9]\)')
+ UTsec=$(expr "$UTdate" : '.*:\([0-5][0-9]\)')
+ case $TZsec in
+ $UTsec)
+ extra_info="
+Local time is now: $TZdate.
+Universal Time is now: $UTdate."
+ break
+ esac
+ done
+
+
+ # Output TZ info and ask the user to confirm.
+
+ echo >&2 ""
+ echo >&2 "The following information has been given:"
+ echo >&2 ""
+ case $country+$region in
+ ?*+?*) echo >&2 " $country$newline $region";;
+ ?*+) echo >&2 " $country";;
+ +) echo >&2 " TZ='$TZ'"
+ esac
+ echo >&2 ""
+ echo >&2 "Therefore TZ='$TZ' will be used.$extra_info"
+ echo >&2 "Is the above information OK?"
+
+ ok=
+ select ok in Yes No
+ do
+ case $ok in
+ '') echo >&2 'Please enter 1 for Yes, or 2 for No.';;
+ ?*) break
+ esac
+ done
+ case $ok in
+ '') exit 1;;
+ Yes) break
+ esac
+do :
+done
+
+case $SHELL in
+*csh) file=.login line="setenv TZ '$TZ'";;
+*) file=.profile line="TZ='$TZ'; export TZ"
+esac
+
+echo >&2 "
+You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
+ $line
+to the file '$file' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.
+
+Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
+can use the $0 command in shell scripts:"
+
+echo "$TZ"
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)usno1988 7.2
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19):
+#
+# Here's some United States Naval Observatory time zone data from
+# February 1988. It's here mostly to convince you that the USNO has indeed
+# been updating its files (see its 1989 data elsewhere).
+#
+ANDORRA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+BRASIL WEST 5 H BEHIND UTC (CRUZEIRO DO SUL)
+BRASIL CENTRAL 4 H BEHIND UTC (MANAUS)
+BRASIL EAST 3 H BEHIND UTC COASTAL STATES, RIO, SP, BRASILIA
+BRASIL 2 H BEHIND UTC ATLANTIC ISLANDS
+BRAZIL 5 H BEHIND UTC WEST (CRUZEIRO DO SUL)
+BRAZIL 4 H BEHIND UTC CENTRAL (MANAUS)
+BRAZIL 3 H BEHIND UTC COASTAL STATES, RIO, SP, BRASILIA
+BRAZIL 3 H BEHIND UTC FOR MOST MAJOR AIRPORTS.
+BRAZIL 2 H BEHIND UTC ATLANTIC ISLANDS
+BULGARIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC WINTER
+BULGARIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC SUMMER MAR31 - SEP 85, 0100 LOCAL
+CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC; ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
+CUBA 5 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER
+CUBA 4 H BEHIND UTC MAY 8 - OCT 8
+CYPRUS 2 H AHEAD UTC IN WINTER
+CYPRUS 3 H AHEAD UTC MAR 25 - SEP 30
+DENMARK 1 H AHEAD UTC IN WINTER
+DENMARK 2 H AHEAD UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30 , 0200 LOCAL
+DENMK. FAEROE IS 1 H AHEAD UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30 , 0200 LOCAL
+EGYPT 2 H AHEAD UTC
+EGYPT 3 H AHEAD UTC SUMMER (AFTER RAMADAN)
+ENGLAND ON UTC IN WINTER; WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I., CH.IS.
+ENGLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC; SUMMER TIL 28 OCT 0200 LOCAL
+FINLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+FINLAND 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 25 - SEP 30
+FRANCE 1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+FRANCE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30 , 0100 LOCAL
+GREECE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+GREECE 3 H AHEAD OF UTC IN SUMMER EFF. 31MAR85 02/03 LOCAL
+GREECE 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 25 - SEP 30
+GREENLAND 4 H BEHIND UTC IN THULE AIRBASE YEAR ROUND
+GREENLAND 3 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER AT SONDRESTROM
+GREENLAND 2 H BEHIND UTC 30 MAR - 30 SEP 2200 LOCAL AT -"-
+GREENLAND 2 H BEHIND UTC AROUND SCORESBY SUND
+ICELAND ON UTC
+IRAN 3.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+IRELAND ON UTC IN WINTER
+IRELAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - OCT 23 0200 LOCAL
+ITALY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+ITALY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30, 0030 LOCAL
+JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER
+JAMAICA 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+LIBYA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 8 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; NORTH BAJA CAL, TIJUANA
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+MEXICO BAJA CAL S 7 H BEHIND UTC ALL YEAR; MAZATLAN
+MEXICO CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC ALL YEAR; MEXICO CITY
+MONACO 1 H AHEAD UTC IN WINTER
+MONACO 2 H AHEAD UTC MAR 25 - SEP30
+PARAGUAY 4 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER
+PARAGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC SEP 30 - MAR 30
+POLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+POLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 24 - SEP 0200 LOCAL
+PORTUGAL ON UTC IN WINTER
+PORTUGAL 1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN SUMMER MAR 31 - SEP 29 0100 LOCAL
+PORTUGAL AZORES 1 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER
+PORTUGAL AZORES ON UTC IN SUMMER MAR 31 - SEP 29
+PORTUGAL MADEIRA ON UTC ALL YEAR;
+ROMANIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+ROMANIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 3 - SEP 24
+SCOTLAND SEE ENGLAND
+SWITZERLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER
+SWITZERLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 31 - SEP 30 0200 LOCAL
+TURKEY 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
+USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; CHICAGO, HOUSTON
+USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; DENVER
+USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
+USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
+USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29 (AKDT)
+USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC IN WINTER; ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
+USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 29 - OCT 29
+USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC ALL YEAR;
+USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC ALL YEAR; SAMOA, MIDWAY
+USSR WEST EUROP 3 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; LENINGRAD, MOSCOW
+USSR WEST EUROP 4 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL EUR 4 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; ROSTOV, BAKU
+USSR CENTRAL EUR 5 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST EUROP 5 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; SVERDLOVSK
+USSR EAST EUROP 6 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST SIBERIAN 6 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; TASHKENT, ALMA ATA
+USSR WEST SIBERIAN 7 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 7 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; NOVOSIBIRSK
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; IRKUTSK
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 9 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; YAKUTSK
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 10 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 10 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; VLADIVOSTOK
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 11 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 11 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; MAGADAN
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 12 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 12 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; PETROPAVLOVSK
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 13 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 13 H AHEAD OF UTC IN WINTER; UELEN
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 14 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+WALES SEE ENGLAND
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)usno1989 7.2
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19):
+#
+# Here's time zone information from the United States Naval Observatory;
+# no corrections have been made, and there are some obvious challenges.
+# The USNO warns:
+# DUE TO FREQUENT CHANGES IN THE LOCAL LAWS GOVERNING DAYLIGHT
+# SAVING TIME, WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OF THIS
+# INFORMATION. PLEASE ALERT US TO ANY DISCREPANCY YOU MAY
+# DISCOVER.
+#
+AFGHANISTAN 4.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+ALBANIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ALBANIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ALBANIA (ESTIMATED)
+ALGERIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+AMERICAN SAMOA 11 H BEHIND UTC
+ANDORRA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ANDORRA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ANDORRA (ESTIMATED)
+ANGOLA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+ARUBA 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO BONAIRE, CURACAO,
+ARUBA ST.MAARTEN
+AUSTRALIA WEST 8 H AHEAD OF UTC PERTH, EXMOUTH
+AUSTRALIA N.T. 9.5H AHEAD OF UTC DARWIN NO ADVANCED TIME
+AUSTRALIA N.T. IN SUMMER
+AUSTRALIA SOUTH 9.5H AHEAD OF UTC ADELAIDE
+AUSTRALIA INCLUDING BROKEN HILL, NSW
+AUSTRALIA SOUTH 10.5H AHEAD OF UTC ADELAIDE OCT 30, '88-MAR
+AUSTRALIA SOUTH 18, '89 INCLUDING BROKEN
+AUSTRIALIA SOUTH HILL, NSW
+AUSTRALIA QUEENL 10 H AHEAD OF UTC
+AUSTRALIA NSW 10 H AHEAD OF UTC SYDNEY
+AUSTRALIA NSW 11 H AHEAD OF UTC SYDNEY OCT 30, '88-MAR 18,
+AUSTRALIA NSW '89
+AUSTRALIA TASM. 10 H AHEAD OF UTC HOBART
+AUSTRALIA TASM. 11 H AHEAD OF UTC HOBART OCT 30, '88-MAR 18,
+AUSTRALIA TASM. '89
+AUSTRIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+AUSTRIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEPT 24
+AZORES SEE PORTUGAL
+BAHAMAS 5 H BEHIND UTC EXCLUDING TURKS AND CAICOS
+BAHAMAS ISLANDS)
+BAHAMAS 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 (SAME
+BAHAMAS EXCLUSION)
+BAHRAIN 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BANGLADESH 6 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BARBADOS 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BELGIUM 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BELGIUM 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+BELIZE 6 H BEHIND UTC
+BENIN PEOPLES REP 1 H AHEAD OF UTC DAHOMEY
+BERMUDA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BERMUDA 3 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+BHUTAN 6 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BOLIVIA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BONAIRE 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO ARUBA,CURACAO,
+BONAIRE ST.MAARTEN, SABA
+BOTSWANA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BRAZIL WEST 5 H BEHIND UTC TERRITORY OF ACRE
+BRAZIL WEST 4 H BEHIND UTC ACRE OCT 23, '88-FEB 11,
+BRAZIL '89 (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL CENTRAL 4 H BEHIND UTC MANAUS
+BRAZIL CENTRAL 3 H BEHIND UTC MANAUS OCT 23, '88-FEB 11,
+BRAZIL CENTRAL '89 (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL EAST 3 H BEHIND UTC COASTAL STATES, RIO, SAO
+BRAZIL EAST PAULO, BRASILIA
+BRAZIL EAST 2 H BEHIND UTC COASTAL STATES, RIO, SAO
+BRAZIL PAULO, BRASILIA OCT 23,
+BRAZIL '88-FEB 11, '89
+BRAZIL (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL 2 H BEHIND UTC ATLANTIC ISLANDS, FERNANDO
+BRAZIL DE NORONHA
+BRAZIL 1 H BEHIND UTC OCT 23, '88-FEB 11, '89
+BRAZIL (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL 3 H BEHIND UTC FOR MOST MAJOR AIRPORTS.
+BRITISH VIRGIN I. 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BRUNEI 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BULGARIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BULGARIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+BURKINA FASO ON UTC
+BURMA 6.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+BURUNDI 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CAMBODIA SEE KAMPUCHEA
+CAMEROON 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CANADA NEW FDL 3.5H BEHIND UTC ST.JOHN'S
+CANADA NEW FDL 1.5H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA ATLANTIC 4 H BEHIND UTC HALIFAX
+CANADA ATLANTIC 3 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC TORONTO, MONTREAL, OTTAWA
+CANADA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC REGINA, WINNIPEG
+CANADA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC CALGARY, EDMONTON
+CANADA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC VANCOUVER
+CANADA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA YUKON SAME AS PACIFIC DAWSON
+CAPE VERDE 1 H BEHIND UTC
+CAYMAN ISLANDS 5 H BEHIND UTC
+CAROLINE ISLAND 10 H AHEAD OF UTC EXCLUDING PONAPE IS.,
+CAROLINE ISLAND KUSAIE, AND PINGELAP
+CENTRAL AFRICA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CEYLON 5.5H AHEAD OF UTC, SEE SRI LANKA
+CHAD 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CHANNEL ISLANDS SEE ENGLAND
+CHILE 4 H BEHIND UTC CONTINENTAL
+CHILE 3 H BEHIND UTC OCT 9, '88-MAR 11, '89
+CHILE 6 H BEHIND UTC EASTER ISLAND
+CHILE 5 H BEHIND UTC OCT 9, '88-MAR 11, '89
+CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
+CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
+COCOS (Keeling) I. 6.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+COLOMBIA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+COMOROS 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CONGO 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+COOK ISLANDS 10 H BEHIND UTC
+COOK ISLANDS 9.5H BEHIND UTC OCT 30, '88-MAR 24, '89
+COOK ISLANDS (ESTIMATED)
+COSTA RICA 6 H BEHIND UTC
+COTE D'IVOIRE ON UTC
+CUBA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+CUBA 4 H BEHIND UTC MAR 20 - OCT 8
+CURACAO 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO BONAIRE, ARUBA,
+CURACAO ST.MAARTEN
+CYPRUS 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CYPRUS 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CZECHOSLOVAKIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+DENMARK 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+DENMARK 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+DENMK. FAEROE IS 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+DJIBOUTI 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+DOMINICA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+DOMINICAN REP 4 H BEHIND UTC
+ECUADOR 5 H BEHIND UTC CONTINENTAL
+ECUADOR 6 H BEHIND UTC GALAPAGOS ISLANDS
+EGYPT 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+EGYPT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER
+EGYPT RAMADAN)
+EL SALVADOR 6 H BEHIND UTC
+ENGLAND ON UTC (WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I.,
+ENGLAND CH. IS.)
+ENGLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+ENEZUELA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+EQUITORIAL GUINEA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ETHIOPIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FALKLAND ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC
+FALKLAND ISLANDS 3 H BEHIND UTC SEP 11, '88-APR 15, '89
+FALKLAND ISLANDS (ESTIMATED)
+FAROE ISLAND ON UTC
+FAROE ISLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+FIJI 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FINLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FINLAND 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+FRANCE 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FRANCE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+FRENCH GUIANA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+FRENCH POLYNESIA 9 H BEHIND UTC GAMBIER ISLAND
+FRENCH POLYNESIA 9.5H BEHIND UTC MARQUESAS ISLANDS
+FRENCH POLYNESIA 10 H BEHIND UTC SOCIETY ISLANDS, TUBUAI
+FRENCH POLYNESIA ISLANDS, TUAMOTU ISLAND,
+FRENCH POLYNESIA TAHITI
+GABON 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GAMBIA ON UTC
+GERMANY ALL 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GERMANY ALL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GHANA ON UTC
+GIBRALTAR 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GIBRALTAR 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GREECE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GREECE 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GREENLAND 4 H BEHIND UTC THULE AIRBASE YEAR ROUND
+GREENLAND 3 H BEHIND UTC ANGMAGSSALIK AND W. COAST
+GREENLAND 2 H BEHIND UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GREENLAND 1 H BEHIND UTC SCORESBYSUND
+GREENLAND ON UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GRENADA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+GUADELOUPE 4 H BEHIND UTC ST. BARTHELEMY, NORTHERN
+GUADELOUPE ST. MARTIN MARTINIQUE
+GUAM 10 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GUATEMALA 6 H BEHIND UTC
+GUINEA ON UTC
+GUINEA BISSAU ON UTC
+GUINEA REPUBLIC ON UTC
+GUINEA EQUATORIAL 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GUYANA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+HAITI 5 H BEHIND UTC
+HAITI 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+HOLLAND SEE NETHERLANDS
+HONDURAS 6 H BEHIND UTC
+HONG KONG 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+HUNGARY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+HUNGARY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ICELAND ON UTC
+INDIA 5.5H AHEAD OF UTC INCLUDING ANDAMAN ISLANDS
+INDONESIA WEST 7 H AHEAD OF UTC SUMATRA, JAVA, BALI,
+INDONESIA WEST JAKARTA
+INDONESIA CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC KALIMANTAN, SULAWESI
+INDONESIA EAST 9 H AHEAD OF UTC IRIAN, BARAT
+IRAN 3.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+IRAQ 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+IRAQ 4 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+IRELAND ON UTC
+IRELAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+ISRAEL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ISRAEL 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 3
+ITALY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ITALY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+IVORY COAST ON UTC
+IWAN 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+JAPAN 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+JOHNSTON ISLAND 10 H BEHIND UTC
+JORDAN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+JORDAN 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - OCT 6
+KAMPUCHEA 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KENYA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KIRIBATI, REP OF 12 H AHEAD OF UTC CANTON, ENDERBURY ISLANDS
+KIRIBATI, REP OF 11 H AHEAD OF UTC CHRISTMAS ISLAND
+KOREA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KOREA, REP OF 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KOREA, REP OF 10 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 8 - OCT 8
+KUWAIT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KUSAIE, PINGELAP 12 H AHEAD OF UTC INCLUDING MARSHALL IS.,
+KUSAIE, PINGELAP EXCLUDING KWAJALEIN)
+KWAJALEIN 12 H BEHIND UTC
+LAOS 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LEBANON 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LEBANON 3 H AHEAD OF UTC JUN 1 - OCT 31
+LEEWARD ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC ANTIGUA, DOMINICA,
+LEEWARD ISLANDS MONTSERRAT, ST.
+LEEWARD ISLAANDS CHRISTOPHER, ST. KITTS,
+LEEWARD ISLANDS NEVIS, ANGUILLA
+LESOTHO 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LIBERIA ON UTC
+LIBYAN ARAB 1 H AHEAD OF UTC JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
+LIBYAN ARAB 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
+LIECHTENSTEIN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LIECHTENSTEIN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+LUXEMBOURG 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LUXEMBOURG 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MACAO 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MADAGASCAR 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MADEIRA SEE PORTUGAL
+MALAWI 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALAYSIA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALDIVES 5 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALI ON UTC
+MALTA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALTA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MARTINIQUE 4 H BEHIND UTC
+MAURITANIA ON UTC
+MAURITIUS 4 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MARIANA ISLAND 10 H AHEAD OF UTC EXCLUDING GUAM
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR AND
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N N. PACIFIC COAST (STATES
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N OF SINALOA AND SONORA)
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 8 H BEHIND UTC ABOVE 28TH PARALLAL APR 3
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N - OCT 29
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC ABOVE 28TH PARALLAL APR 3
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N - 0CT 29
+MEXICO 6 H BEHIND UTC STATES OF DURANGO,
+MEXICO COAHUILA, NUEVO LEON,
+MEXICO TAMAULIPAS
+MEXICO 5 H BEHIND UTC STATES OF DURANGO,
+MEXICO COAHUILA, NUEVO LEON,
+MEXICO TAMAULIPAS APR 3 - OCT 29
+MEXICO 6 H BEHIND UTC GENERAL MEXICO, STATES OF
+MEXICO CAMPECHE, QUINTANA ROO AND
+MEXICO YUCATAN
+MIDWAY ISLAND 11 H BEHIND UTC
+MONACO 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MONACO 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MONGOLIA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MONGOLIA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MONTSERRAT 4 H BEHIND UTC
+MOROCCO ON UTC
+MOZAMBIQUE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NAMIBIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NAURU, REP OF 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NEPAL 5H45M AHEAD OF UTC
+NETHERLANDS 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NETHERLANDS 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+NETHERLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC ANTILLES AND SOUTHERN ST.
+NETHERLANDS MAARTEN
+NEW CALEDONIA 11 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NEW HEBRIDES SEE VANUATU
+NEW ZEALAND 12 H AHEAD OF UTC (EXCLUDING CHATHAM ISLAND)
+NEW ZEALAND 13 H AHEAD OF UTC OCT 30, '88-MAR 4, '89
+NEW ZEALAND 12H45M AHEAD OF UTC CHATHAM ISLAND
+NICARAGUA 6 H BEHIND UTC
+NIGER 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NIGERIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NIUE ISLAND 11 H BEHIND UTC
+NORFOLK ISLAND 11H30M AHEAD OF UTC
+NORTHERN IRELAND ON UTC WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I.,
+NORTHERN IRELAND CH.IS.
+NORTHERN IRELAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+NORWAY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NORWAY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+OGO ON UTC
+OMAN 4 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PACIFIC ISLAND T.T.
+PALAU ISLAND 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PAKISTAN 5 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PANAMA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+PAPUA NEW GUINEA 10 H AHEAD OF UTC INCLUDING BOUGAINVILLE
+PAPUA NEW GUINEA ISLAND
+PARAGUAY 4 H BEHIND UTC
+PARAGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC OCT 1, '88-MAR 31, '89
+PERU 5 H BEHIND UTC
+PHILIPPINES 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PONAPE ISLAND 11 H AHEAD OF UTC
+POLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+POLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PORTUGAL MAINLAND ON UTC
+PORTUGAL MAINLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PORTUGAL AZORES 1 H BEHIND UTC
+PORTUGAL AZORES ON UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PORTUGAL MADEIRA ON UTC
+PORTUGAL MADEIRA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PUERTO RICO 4 H BEHIND UTC
+QATAR 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ROMANIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ROMANIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+RUSSIA SEE USSR
+RWANDA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SABA 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO BONAIRE, CURACAO,
+SAMOA 11 H BEHIND UTC
+SAN MARINO 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SAN MARINO 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SAN SALVADOR 6 H BEHIND UTC
+SAO TOME ISLAND ON UTC AND PRINCIPE ISLAND
+SAUDI ARABIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SCOTLAND SEE ENGLAND
+SENEGAL ON UTC
+SEYCHELLES 4 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SIERRA LEONE ON UTC
+SINGAPORE 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SOLOMON ISLANDS 11 H AHEAD OF UTC EXCLUDING BOUGAINVILLE
+SOLOMON ISLANDS ISLAND
+SOMALI 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SOUTH AFRICA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SPAIN CANARY IS ON UTC
+SPAIN CANARY IS 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SPAIN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC CONTINENTAL, BALEARIC AND
+SPAIN MALLORCA ISLANDS
+SPAIN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC CONTINENTAL, BALEARIC AND
+SPAIN MALLORCA ISLANDS MAR 27 -
+SPAIN SEP 24
+SPAIN MAINLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MELILLA
+SPAIN MAINLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SRI LANKA 5H30M AHEAD OF UTC
+ST.MAARTEN
+ST.KITTS-NEVIS 4 H BEHIND UTC
+ST.LUCIA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+ST.PIERRE 3 H BEHIND UTC INCLUDING MIQUELON
+ST.PIERRE 2 H BEHIND UTC INLCUDING MIQUELON APR 3
+ST.PIERRE - OCT 29
+ST.VINCENT 4 H BEHIND UTC INCLUDING THE GRENADINES
+ST. HELENA ON UTC
+SURINAME 3 H BEHIND UTC
+SWAZILAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SWEDEN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SWEDEN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SWITZERLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SWITZERLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SYRIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SYRIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 15 - OCT 30
+TAHITI 10 H BEHIND UTC
+TANZANIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+THAILAND 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TRINIDAD / TOBAGO 4 H BEHIND UTC
+TUNISIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TUNISIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 24
+TURKEY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TURKEY 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+TURKS AND CAICOS 5 H BEHIND UTC
+TURKS AND CAICOS 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+TUVALU 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+UDAN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+UGANDA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+UNITED ARAB EMIR. 4 H AHEAD OF UTC ABU DHABI, DUBAI, SHARJAH,
+UNITED ARAB EMIR RAS AL KHAIMAH
+UNITED KINGDOM ON UTC WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I., CH.
+UNITED KINGDOM IS.
+UNITED KINGDOM 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+UNITED STATES SEE USA
+UPPER VOLTA ON UTC
+URUGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC
+URUGUAY 2 H BEHIND UTC DEC 11, '88-FEB 25, '89
+URAGUAY (ESTIMATED)
+USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
+USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
+USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
+USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
+USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
+USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
+USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
+USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
+USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
+USA FOR SPECIFIC INFO ON USA ZONES/TIMES CALL DOT 202-426-4520
+USSR WEST EUROP 3 H AHEAD OF UTC LENINGRAD, MOSCOW
+USSR WEST EUROP 4 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL EUR 4 H AHEAD OF UTC ROSTOV, BAKU
+USSR CENTRAL EUR 5 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST EUROP 5 H AHEAD OF UTC SVERDLOVSK
+USSR EAST EUROP 6 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST SIBERIAN 6 H AHEAD OF UTC TASHKENT, ALMA ATA
+USSR WEST SIBERIAN 7 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 7 H AHEAD OF UTC NOVOSIBIRSK
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC IRKUTSK
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 9 H AHEAD OF UTC YAKUTSK
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 10 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 10 H AHEAD OF UTC VLADIVOSTOK
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 11 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 11 H AHEAD OF UTC MAGADAN
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 12 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 12 H AHEAD OF UTC PETROPAVLOVSK
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 13 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 13 H AHEAD OF UTC UELEN
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 14 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+VANUATU 11 H AHEAD OF UTC (NEW HEBRIDES)
+VANUATU 12 H AHEAD OF UTC SEP 25, '88-MAR 25, '89
+VANUATU (ESTIMATED)
+VATICAN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+VATICAN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+VIETNAM 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+VIRGIN ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC ST.CROIX, ST.THOMAS,
+VIRGIN ISLANDS ST.JOHN
+WAKE ISLAND 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+WALES SEE ENGLAND
+WALLIS/FUTUNA IS. 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+WINDWARD ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC GRENADA, ST. LUCIA
+YEMEN 3 H AHEAD OF UTC BOTH REPUBLICS
+YUGOSLAVIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+YUGOSLAVIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ZAIRE EAST 1 H AHEAD OF UTC KINSHASA MBANDAKA
+ZAIRE WEST 2 H AHEAD OF UTC LUBUMBASHI, KASAI, KIVU,
+ZAIRE WEST HAUT-ZAIRE, SHABA
+ZAMBIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ZIMBABWE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)usno1989a 7.4
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (1994-02-07):
+#
+# Here's time zone information from the United States Naval Observatory,
+# with corrections from Paul Eggert.
+# The USNO warns:
+# DUE TO FREQUENT CHANGES IN THE LOCAL LAWS GOVERNING DAYLIGHT
+# SAVING TIME, WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OF THIS
+# INFORMATION. PLEASE ALERT US TO ANY DISCREPANCY YOU MAY
+# DISCOVER.
+#
+AFGHANISTAN 4.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+ALBANIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ALBANIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ALBANIA (ESTIMATED)
+ALGERIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+AMERICAN SAMOA 11 H BEHIND UTC
+ANDORRA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ANDORRA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ANDORRA (ESTIMATED)
+ANGOLA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+ARUBA 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO BONAIRE, CURACAO,
+ARUBA ST.MAARTEN
+AUSTRALIA WEST 8 H AHEAD OF UTC PERTH, EXMOUTH
+AUSTRALIA N.T. 9.5H AHEAD OF UTC DARWIN NO ADVANCED TIME
+AUSTRALIA N.T. IN SUMMER
+AUSTRALIA SOUTH 9.5H AHEAD OF UTC ADELAIDE
+AUSTRALIA INCLUDING BROKEN HILL, NSW
+AUSTRALIA SOUTH 10.5H AHEAD OF UTC ADELAIDE OCT 30, '88-MAR
+AUSTRALIA SOUTH 18, '89 INCLUDING BROKEN
+AUSTRIALIA SOUTH HILL, NSW
+AUSTRALIA QUEENL 10 H AHEAD OF UTC
+AUSTRALIA NSW 10 H AHEAD OF UTC SYDNEY
+AUSTRALIA NSW 11 H AHEAD OF UTC SYDNEY OCT 30, '88-MAR 18,
+AUSTRALIA NSW '89
+AUSTRALIA TASM. 10 H AHEAD OF UTC HOBART
+AUSTRALIA TASM. 11 H AHEAD OF UTC HOBART OCT 30, '88-MAR 18,
+AUSTRALIA TASM. '89
+AUSTRIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+AUSTRIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEPT 24
+AZORES SEE PORTUGAL
+BAHAMAS 5 H BEHIND UTC EXCLUDING TURKS AND CAICOS
+BAHAMAS ISLANDS)
+BAHAMAS 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29 (SAME
+BAHAMAS EXCLUSION)
+BAHRAIN 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BANGLADESH 6 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BARBADOS 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BELGIUM 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BELGIUM 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+BELIZE 6 H BEHIND UTC
+BENIN PEOPLES REP 1 H AHEAD OF UTC DAHOMEY
+BERMUDA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BERMUDA 3 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+BHUTAN 6 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BOLIVIA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BONAIRE 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO ARUBA,CURACAO,
+BONAIRE ST.MAARTEN, SABA
+BOTSWANA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BRAZIL WEST 5 H BEHIND UTC TERRITORY OF ACRE
+BRAZIL WEST 4 H BEHIND UTC ACRE OCT 23, '88-FEB 11,
+BRAZIL '89 (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL CENTRAL 4 H BEHIND UTC MANAUS
+BRAZIL CENTRAL 3 H BEHIND UTC MANAUS OCT 23, '88-FEB 11,
+BRAZIL CENTRAL '89 (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL EAST 3 H BEHIND UTC COASTAL STATES, RIO, SAO
+BRAZIL EAST PAULO, BRASILIA
+BRAZIL EAST 2 H BEHIND UTC COASTAL STATES, RIO, SAO
+BRAZIL PAULO, BRASILIA OCT 23,
+BRAZIL '88-FEB 11, '89
+BRAZIL (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL 2 H BEHIND UTC ATLANTIC ISLANDS, FERNANDO
+BRAZIL DE NORONHA
+BRAZIL 1 H BEHIND UTC OCT 23, '88-FEB 11, '89
+BRAZIL (ESTIMATED)
+BRAZIL 3 H BEHIND UTC FOR MOST MAJOR AIRPORTS.
+BRITISH VIRGIN I. 4 H BEHIND UTC
+BRUNEI 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BULGARIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+BULGARIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+BURKINA FASO ON UTC
+BURMA 6.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+BURUNDI 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CAMBODIA SEE KAMPUCHEA
+CAMEROON 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CANADA NEW FDL 3.5H BEHIND UTC ST.JOHN'S
+CANADA NEW FDL 1.5H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA ATLANTIC 4 H BEHIND UTC HALIFAX
+CANADA ATLANTIC 3 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC TORONTO, MONTREAL, OTTAWA
+CANADA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC REGINA, WINNIPEG
+CANADA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC CALGARY, EDMONTON
+CANADA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC VANCOUVER
+CANADA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+CANADA YUKON SAME AS PACIFIC DAWSON
+CAPE VERDE 1 H BEHIND UTC
+CAYMAN ISLANDS 5 H BEHIND UTC
+CAROLINE ISLAND 10 H AHEAD OF UTC EXCLUDING PONAPE IS.,
+CAROLINE ISLAND KUSAIE, AND PINGELAP
+CENTRAL AFRICA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CEYLON 5.5H AHEAD OF UTC, SEE SRI LANKA
+CHAD 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CHANNEL ISLANDS SEE ENGLAND
+CHILE 4 H BEHIND UTC CONTINENTAL
+CHILE 3 H BEHIND UTC OCT 9, '88-MAR 11, '89
+CHILE 6 H BEHIND UTC EASTER ISLAND
+CHILE 5 H BEHIND UTC OCT 9, '88-MAR 11, '89
+CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
+CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
+COCOS (Keeling) I. 6.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+COLOMBIA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+COMOROS 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CONGO 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+COOK ISLANDS 10 H BEHIND UTC
+COOK ISLANDS 9.5H BEHIND UTC OCT 30, '88-MAR 24, '89
+COOK ISLANDS (ESTIMATED)
+COSTA RICA 6 H BEHIND UTC
+COTE D'IVOIRE ON UTC
+CUBA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+CUBA 4 H BEHIND UTC MAR 20 - OCT 8
+CURACAO 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO BONAIRE, ARUBA,
+CURACAO ST.MAARTEN
+CYPRUS 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CYPRUS 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+CZECHOSLOVAKIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+DENMARK 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+DENMARK 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+DENMK. FAEROE IS 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+DJIBOUTI 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+DOMINICA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+DOMINICAN REP 4 H BEHIND UTC
+ECUADOR 5 H BEHIND UTC CONTINENTAL
+ECUADOR 6 H BEHIND UTC GALAPAGOS ISLANDS
+EGYPT 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+EGYPT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 17 - SEP 30 (AFTER
+EGYPT RAMADAN)
+EL SALVADOR 6 H BEHIND UTC
+ENGLAND ON UTC (WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I.,
+ENGLAND CH. IS.)
+ENGLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+EQUATORIAL GUINEA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ETHIOPIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FALKLAND ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC
+FALKLAND ISLANDS 3 H BEHIND UTC SEP 11, '88-APR 15, '89
+FALKLAND ISLANDS (ESTIMATED)
+FAROE ISLAND ON UTC
+FAROE ISLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+FIJI 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FINLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FINLAND 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+FRANCE 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+FRANCE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+FRENCH GUIANA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+FRENCH POLYNESIA 9 H BEHIND UTC GAMBIER ISLAND
+FRENCH POLYNESIA 9.5H BEHIND UTC MARQUESAS ISLANDS
+FRENCH POLYNESIA 10 H BEHIND UTC SOCIETY ISLANDS, TUBUAI
+FRENCH POLYNESIA ISLANDS, TUAMOTU ISLAND,
+FRENCH POLYNESIA TAHITI
+GABON 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GAMBIA ON UTC
+GERMANY ALL 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GERMANY ALL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GHANA ON UTC
+GIBRALTAR 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GIBRALTAR 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GREECE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GREECE 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GREENLAND 4 H BEHIND UTC THULE AIRBASE YEAR ROUND
+GREENLAND 3 H BEHIND UTC ANGMAGSSALIK AND W. COAST
+GREENLAND 2 H BEHIND UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GREENLAND 1 H BEHIND UTC SCORESBYSUND
+GREENLAND ON UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+GRENADA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+GUADELOUPE 4 H BEHIND UTC ST. BARTHELEMY, NORTHERN
+GUADELOUPE ST. MARTIN MARTINIQUE
+GUAM 10 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GUATEMALA 6 H BEHIND UTC
+GUINEA ON UTC
+GUINEA BISSAU ON UTC
+GUINEA REPUBLIC ON UTC
+GUINEA EQUATORIAL 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+GUYANA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+HAITI 5 H BEHIND UTC
+HAITI 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+HOLLAND SEE NETHERLANDS
+HONDURAS 6 H BEHIND UTC
+HONG KONG 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+HUNGARY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+HUNGARY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ICELAND ON UTC
+INDIA 5.5H AHEAD OF UTC INCLUDING ANDAMAN ISLANDS
+INDONESIA WEST 7 H AHEAD OF UTC SUMATRA, JAVA, BALI,
+INDONESIA WEST JAKARTA
+INDONESIA CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC KALIMANTAN, SULAWESI
+INDONESIA EAST 9 H AHEAD OF UTC IRIAN, BARAT
+IRAN 3.5H AHEAD OF UTC
+IRAQ 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+IRAQ 4 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+IRELAND ON UTC
+IRELAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+ISRAEL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ISRAEL 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 3
+ITALY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ITALY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+IVORY COAST ON UTC
+JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+JAPAN 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+JOHNSTON ISLAND 10 H BEHIND UTC
+JORDAN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+JORDAN 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - OCT 6
+KAMPUCHEA 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KENYA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KIRIBATI, REP OF 12 H AHEAD OF UTC CANTON, ENDERBURY ISLANDS
+KIRIBATI, REP OF 11 H AHEAD OF UTC CHRISTMAS ISLAND
+KOREA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KOREA, REP OF 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KOREA, REP OF 10 H AHEAD OF UTC MAY 8 - OCT 8
+KUWAIT 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+KUSAIE, PINGELAP 12 H AHEAD OF UTC INCLUDING MARSHALL IS.,
+KUSAIE, PINGELAP EXCLUDING KWAJALEIN)
+KWAJALEIN 12 H BEHIND UTC
+LAOS 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LEBANON 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LEBANON 3 H AHEAD OF UTC JUN 1 - OCT 31
+LEEWARD ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC ANTIGUA, DOMINICA,
+LEEWARD ISLANDS MONTSERRAT, ST.
+LEEWARD ISLAANDS CHRISTOPHER, ST. KITTS,
+LEEWARD ISLANDS NEVIS, ANGUILLA
+LESOTHO 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LIBERIA ON UTC
+LIBYAN ARAB 1 H AHEAD OF UTC JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
+LIBYAN ARAB 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30 JAMAHIRIYA/LIBYA
+LIECHTENSTEIN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LIECHTENSTEIN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+LUXEMBOURG 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+LUXEMBOURG 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MACAO 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MADAGASCAR 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MADEIRA SEE PORTUGAL
+MALAWI 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALAYSIA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALDIVES 5 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALI ON UTC
+MALTA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MALTA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MARTINIQUE 4 H BEHIND UTC
+MAURITANIA ON UTC
+MAURITIUS 4 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MARIANA ISLANDS 10 H AHEAD OF UTC EXCLUDING GUAM
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR AND
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N N. PACIFIC COAST (STATES
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N OF SINALOA AND SONORA)
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 8 H BEHIND UTC ABOVE 28TH PARALLAL APR 3
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N - OCT 29
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N 7 H BEHIND UTC ABOVE 28TH PARALLAL APR 3
+MEXICO BAJA CAL N - 0CT 29
+MEXICO 6 H BEHIND UTC STATES OF DURANGO,
+MEXICO COAHUILA, NUEVO LEON,
+MEXICO TAMAULIPAS
+MEXICO 5 H BEHIND UTC STATES OF DURANGO,
+MEXICO COAHUILA, NUEVO LEON,
+MEXICO TAMAULIPAS APR 3 - OCT 29
+MEXICO 6 H BEHIND UTC GENERAL MEXICO, STATES OF
+MEXICO CAMPECHE, QUINTANA ROO AND
+MEXICO YUCATAN
+MIDWAY ISLAND 11 H BEHIND UTC
+MONACO 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MONACO 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MONGOLIA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+MONGOLIA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+MONTSERRAT 4 H BEHIND UTC
+MOROCCO ON UTC
+MOZAMBIQUE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NAMIBIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NAURU, REP OF 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NEPAL 5H45M AHEAD OF UTC
+NETHERLANDS 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NETHERLANDS 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+NETHERLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC ANTILLES AND SOUTHERN ST.
+NETHERLANDS MAARTEN
+NEW CALEDONIA 11 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NEW HEBRIDES SEE VANUATU
+NEW ZEALAND 12 H AHEAD OF UTC (EXCLUDING CHATHAM ISLAND)
+NEW ZEALAND 13 H AHEAD OF UTC OCT 30, '88-MAR 4, '89
+NEW ZEALAND 12H45M AHEAD OF UTC CHATHAM ISLAND
+NICARAGUA 6 H BEHIND UTC
+NIGER 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NIGERIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NIUE ISLAND 11 H BEHIND UTC
+NORFOLK ISLAND 11H30M AHEAD OF UTC
+NORTHERN IRELAND ON UTC WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I.,
+NORTHERN IRELAND CH.IS.
+NORTHERN IRELAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+NORWAY 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+NORWAY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+OMAN 4 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PACIFIC ISLAND T.T.
+PALAU ISLANDS 9 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PAKISTAN 5 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PANAMA 5 H BEHIND UTC
+PAPUA NEW GUINEA 10 H AHEAD OF UTC INCLUDING BOUGAINVILLE
+PAPUA NEW GUINEA ISLAND
+PARAGUAY 4 H BEHIND UTC
+PARAGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC OCT 1, '88-MAR 31, '89
+PERU 5 H BEHIND UTC
+PHILIPPINES 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+PONAPE ISLAND 11 H AHEAD OF UTC
+POLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+POLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PORTUGAL MAINLAND ON UTC
+PORTUGAL MAINLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PORTUGAL AZORES 1 H BEHIND UTC
+PORTUGAL AZORES ON UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PORTUGAL MADEIRA ON UTC
+PORTUGAL MADEIRA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+PUERTO RICO 4 H BEHIND UTC
+QATAR 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ROMANIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ROMANIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+RUSSIA SEE USSR
+RWANDA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SABA 4 H BEHIND UTC ALSO BONAIRE, CURACAO,
+SAMOA 11 H BEHIND UTC
+SAN MARINO 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SAN MARINO 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SAN SALVADOR 6 H BEHIND UTC
+SAO TOME ISLAND ON UTC AND PRINCIPE ISLAND
+SAUDI ARABIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SCOTLAND SEE ENGLAND
+SENEGAL ON UTC
+SEYCHELLES 4 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SIERRA LEONE ON UTC
+SINGAPORE 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SOLOMON ISLANDS 11 H AHEAD OF UTC EXCLUDING BOUGAINVILLE
+SOLOMON ISLANDS ISLAND
+SOMALI 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SOUTH AFRICA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SPAIN CANARY IS ON UTC
+SPAIN CANARY IS 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SPAIN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC CONTINENTAL, BALEARIC AND
+SPAIN MALLORCA ISLANDS
+SPAIN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC CONTINENTAL, BALEARIC AND
+SPAIN MALLORCA ISLANDS MAR 27 -
+SPAIN SEP 24
+SPAIN MAINLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MELILLA
+SPAIN MAINLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SRI LANKA 5H30M AHEAD OF UTC
+ST. MAARTEN
+ST. KITTS-NEVIS 4 H BEHIND UTC
+ST. LUCIA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+ST. PIERRE 3 H BEHIND UTC INCLUDING MIQUELON
+ST. PIERRE 2 H BEHIND UTC INLCUDING MIQUELON APR 3
+ST. PIERRE - OCT 29
+ST. VINCENT 4 H BEHIND UTC INCLUDING THE GRENADINES
+ST. HELENA ON UTC
+SUDAN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SURINAME 3 H BEHIND UTC
+SWAZILAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SWEDEN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SWEDEN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SWITZERLAND 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SWITZERLAND 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+SYRIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+SYRIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 15 - OCT 30
+TAHITI 10 H BEHIND UTC
+TAIWAN 8 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TANZANIA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+THAILAND 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TOGO ON UTC
+TRINIDAD / TOBAGO 4 H BEHIND UTC
+TUNISIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TUNISIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 24
+TURKEY 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+TURKEY 3 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+TURKS AND CAICOS 5 H BEHIND UTC
+TURKS AND CAICOS 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 29
+TUVALU 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+UGANDA 3 H AHEAD OF UTC
+UNITED ARAB EMIR. 4 H AHEAD OF UTC ABU DHABI, DUBAI, SHARJAH,
+UNITED ARAB EMIR RAS AL KHAIMAH
+UNITED KINGDOM ON UTC WALES, SCOTLAND, N.I., CH.
+UNITED KINGDOM IS.
+UNITED KINGDOM 1 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - OCT 22
+UNITED STATES SEE USA
+UPPER VOLTA ON UTC
+URUGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC
+URUGUAY 2 H BEHIND UTC DEC 11, '88-FEB 25, '89
+URAGUAY (ESTIMATED)
+USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
+USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
+USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
+USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
+USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
+USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
+USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
+USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
+USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
+USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
+USA FOR SPECIFIC INFO ON USA ZONES/TIMES CALL DOT 202-426-4520
+USSR WEST EUROP 3 H AHEAD OF UTC LENINGRAD, MOSCOW
+USSR WEST EUROP 4 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL EUR 4 H AHEAD OF UTC ROSTOV, BAKU
+USSR CENTRAL EUR 5 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST EUROP 5 H AHEAD OF UTC SVERDLOVSK
+USSR EAST EUROP 6 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST SIBERIAN 6 H AHEAD OF UTC TASHKENT, ALMA ATA
+USSR WEST SIBERIAN 7 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 7 H AHEAD OF UTC NOVOSIBIRSK
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 8 H AHEAD OF UTC IRKUTSK
+USSR WEST-CENTRAL 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 9 H AHEAD OF UTC YAKUTSK
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 10 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 10 H AHEAD OF UTC VLADIVOSTOK
+USSR CENTRAL SIB 11 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 11 H AHEAD OF UTC MAGADAN
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 12 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 12 H AHEAD OF UTC PETROPAVLOVSK
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 13 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 13 H AHEAD OF UTC UELEN
+USSR EAST SIBERIA 14 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 1 - SEP 30
+VANUATU 11 H AHEAD OF UTC (NEW HEBRIDES)
+VANUATU 12 H AHEAD OF UTC SEP 25, '88-MAR 25, '89
+VANUATU (ESTIMATED)
+VATICAN 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+VATICAN 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+VENEZUELA 4 H BEHIND UTC
+VIETNAM 7 H AHEAD OF UTC
+VIRGIN ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC ST.CROIX, ST.THOMAS,
+VIRGIN ISLANDS ST.JOHN
+WAKE ISLAND 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+WALES SEE ENGLAND
+WALLIS/FUTUNA IS. 12 H AHEAD OF UTC
+WINDWARD ISLANDS 4 H BEHIND UTC GRENADA, ST. LUCIA
+YEMEN 3 H AHEAD OF UTC BOTH REPUBLICS
+YUGOSLAVIA 1 H AHEAD OF UTC
+YUGOSLAVIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC MAR 27 - SEP 24
+ZAIRE EAST 1 H AHEAD OF UTC KINSHASA MBANDAKA
+ZAIRE WEST 2 H AHEAD OF UTC LUBUMBASHI, KASAI, KIVU,
+ZAIRE WEST HAUT-ZAIRE, SHABA
+ZAMBIA 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
+ZIMBABWE 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)usno1995 7.5
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (1995-12-21):
+#
+# Here's time zone information from the United States Naval Observatory
+# via http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html. See USNO's note at the end.
+World Time Zones
+For selected countries, the local standard time offset from UTC is given,
+with daylight savings time where observed.
+Time: Thu Dec 21 17:43:00 utc 1995
+Afghanistan: +4.5 hours
+Albania: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Algeria: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+American Samoa: -11 hours
+Andorra: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Angola: +1 hours
+Anguilla: -4 hours
+Antarctica: -2 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Antigua: -4 hours
+Argentina: -3 hours
+Argentina western prov: -4 hours
+Armenia: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Aruba: -4 hours
+Ascension: 0 hours
+Australia Northern Territory: +9.5 hours
+Australia Lord Howe Island: +10.5 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia New South Wales: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Queensland: +10 hours
+Australia Victoria: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Australian Captial Territory: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia South: +9.5 hours (Local summer +10.5 hours)
+Australia Tasmania: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Western: +8 hours
+Austria: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Azerbajian: +3 hours
+Azores: -1 hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Bahamas: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Bahrain: +3 hours
+Balearic Islands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Bangladesh: +6 hours
+Barbados: -4 hours
+Belarus: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Belgium: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Belize: -6 hours
+Benin: +1 hours
+Bermuda: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Bhutan: +6 hours
+Bolivia: -4 hours
+Bonaire: -4 hours
+Bosnia Hercegovina: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Botswana: +2 hours
+Brazil Acre: -4 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Brazil Atlantic Islands: -1 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+Brazil East: -3 hours (Local summer -1 hours)
+Brazil West: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+British Virgin Islands: -4 hours
+Brunei: +8 hours
+Bulgaria: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Burkina Faso: 0 hours
+Burundi: +2 hours
+Cambodia: +7 hours
+Cameroon: +1 hours
+Canada Central: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Canada Eastern: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Canada Mountain: -7 hours (Local summer -6 hours)
+Canada Yukon & Pacific: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+Canada Atlantic: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Canada Newfoundland: -3.5 hours (Local summer -2.5 hours)
+Canary Islands: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Canton Enderbury Islands: -11 hours
+Cape Verde: -1 hours
+Caroline Island: +11 hours
+Cayman Islands: -5 hours
+Central African Rep: +1 hours
+Chad: +1 hours
+Channel Islands: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Chatham Island: +12.75 hours (Local summer +13.75 hours)
+Chile: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+China People's Rep: +8 hours
+Christmas Islands: -10 hours
+Cocos (Keeling) Islands: ( hours (Local summer ) hours)
+Colombia: -5 hours
+Congo: +1 hours
+Cook Islands: -10 hours
+Costa Rica: -6 hours
+Cote d'Ivoire: 0 hours
+Croatia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Cuba: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Curacao: -4 hours
+Cyprus: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Czech Republic: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Dahomey: +1 hours
+Denmark: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Djibouti: +3 hours
+Dominica: -4 hours
+Dominican Republic: -4 hours
+Easter Island: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Ecuador: -5 hours
+Egypt: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+El Salvador: -6 hours
+England: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Equitorial Guinea: +1 hours
+Eritrea: +3 hours
+Estonia: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Ethiopia: +3 hours
+Falkland Islands: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Faroe Island: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Fiji: +12 hours
+Finland: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+France: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+French Guiana: -3 hours
+French Polynesia: -10 hours
+Gabon: +1 hours
+Galapagos Islands: -6 hours
+Gambia: 0 hours
+Gambier Island: -9 hours
+Georgia: +4 hours
+Germany: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Ghana: 0 hours
+Gibraltar: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Greece: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Greenland: -3 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+Greenland Thule: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Greenland Scoresbysun: -1 hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Grenada: -4 hours
+Grenadines: -4 hours
+Guadeloupe: -4 hours
+Guam: +10 hours
+Guatemala: -6 hours
+Guinea: 0 hours
+Guinea Bissau: - hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Guyana: -3 hours
+Haiti: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Honduras: -6 hours
+Hong kong: +8 hours
+Hungary: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Iceland: 0 hours
+India: +5.5 hours
+Indonesia Central: +8 hours
+Indonesia East: +9 hours
+Indonesia West: +7 hours
+Iran: +3.5 hours
+Iraq: +3 hours (Local summer +4 hours)
+Ireland Republic of: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Israel: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Italy: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Jamaica: -5 hours
+Japan: +9 hours
+Johnston Island: -10 hours
+Jordan: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Kazakhstan: +6 hours (Local summer +7 hours)
+Kenya: +3 hours
+Kiribati: +12 hours
+Korea Dem Republic of: +9 hours
+Korea Republic of: +9 hours
+Kusaie: +12 hours
+Kuwait: +3 hours
+Kwajalein: -12 hours
+Kyrgyzstan: +5 hours (Local summer +6 hours)
+Laos: +7 hours
+Latvia: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Lebanon: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Leeward Islands: -4 hours
+Lesotho: +2 hours
+Liberia: 0 hours
+Libya: +2 hours
+Lithuania: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Luxembourg: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Macedonia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Madagascar: +3 hours
+Madeira: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Malawi: +2 hours
+Malaysia: +8 hours
+Maldives: +5 hours
+Mali: 0 hours
+Mallorca Islands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Malta: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mariana Island: +10 hours
+Marquesas Islands: -9.5 hours
+Marshall Islands: +12 hours
+Martinique: -4 hours
+Mauritania: 0 hours
+Mauritius: +4 hours
+Mayotte: +3 hours
+Melilla: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mexico: -6 hours
+Mexico Baja Calif Norte: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+Mexico Nayarit: -7 hours
+Mexico Sinaloa: -7 hours
+Mexico Sonora: -7 hours
+Midway Island: -11 hours
+Moldova: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Moldovian Rep Pridnestrovye: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Monaco: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mongolia: +8 hours
+Morocco: 0 hours
+Mozambique: +2 hours
+Myanmar: +6.5 hours
+Namibia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Nauru Republic of: +12 hours
+Nepal: +5.75 hours
+Netherlands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Netherlands Antilles: -4 hours
+Nevis Montserrat: -4 hours
+New Caledonia: +11 hours
+New Hebrides: +11 hours
+New Zealand: +12 hours (Local summer +13 hours)
+Nicaragua: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Niger: +1 hours
+Nigeria: +1 hours
+Niue Island: -11 hours
+Norfolk Island: +11.5 hours
+Northern Ireland: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Northern Mariana Islands: +10 hours
+Norway: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Oman: +4 hours
+Pakistan: +5 hours
+Palau: +9 hours
+Panama: -5 hours
+Papua New Guinea: +10 hours
+Paraguay: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Peru: -5 hours
+Philippines: +8 hours
+Pingelap: +12 hours
+Poland: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Ponape Island: +11 hours
+Portugal: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Principe Island: 0 hours
+Puerto Rico: -4 hours
+Qatar: +3 hours
+Reunion: +4 hours
+Romania: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Russian Federation zone eight: +9 hours (Local summer +10 hours)
+Russian Federation zone eleven: +12 hours (Local summer +13 hours)
+Russian Federation zone five: +6 hours (Local summer +7 hours)
+Russian Federation zone four: +5 hours (Local summer +6 hours)
+Russian Federation zone nine: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Russian Federation zone one: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Russian Federation zone seven: +8 hours (Local summer +9 hours)
+Russian Federation zone six: +7 hours (Local summer +8 hours)
+Russian Federation zone ten: +11 hours (Local summer +12 hours)
+Russian Federation zone three: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Russian Federation zone two: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Rwanda: +2 hours
+Saba: -4 hours
+Samoa: -11 hours
+San Marino: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Sao Tome e Principe: 0 hours
+Saudi Arabia: +3 hours
+Scotland: 0 hours
+Senegal: 0 hours
+Seychelles: +4 hours
+Sierra Leone: 0 hours
+Singapore: +8 hours
+Slovakia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Slovenia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Society Island: -10 hours
+Solomon Islands: +11 hours
+Somalia: +3 hours
+South Africa: +2 hours
+Spain: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Sri Lanka: +5.5 hours
+St Christopher: -4 hours
+St Croix: -4 hours
+St Helena: 0 hours
+St John: -4 hours
+St Kitts Nevis: -4 hours
+St Lucia: -4 hours
+St Maarten: -4 hours
+St Pierre & Miquelon: -3 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+St Thomas: -4 hours
+St Vincent: -4 hours
+Sudan: +2 hours
+Suriname: -3 hours
+Swaziland: +2 hours
+Sweden: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Switzerland: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Syria: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Tahiti: -10 hours
+Taiwan: +8 hours
+Tajikistan: +6 hours
+Tanzania: +3 hours
+Thailand: +7 hours
+Togo: 0 hours
+Tonga: +13 hours
+Trinidad and Tobago: -4 hours
+Tuamotu Island: -10 hours
+Tubuai Island: -10 hours
+Tunisia: +1 hours
+Turkey: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Turkmenistan: +5 hours
+Turks and Caicos Islands: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Tuvalu: +12 hours
+Uganda: +3 hours
+Ukraine: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+United Arab Emirates: +4 hours
+United Kingdom: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+USA Central: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+USA Eastern: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+USA Mountain: -7 hours (Local summer -6 hours)
+USA Arizona: -7 hours
+USA Indiana East: -5 hours
+USA Pacific: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+USA Alaska: -9 hours (Local summer -8 hours)
+USA Hawaii Aleutian: - hours (Local summer -10 hours)
+Uruguay: -3 hours
+Uzbekistan: +5 hours
+Vanuatu: +11 hours (Local summer +12 hours)
+Vatican City: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Venezuela: -4 hours
+Vietnam: +7 hours
+Virgin Islands: -4 hours
+Wake Island: +12 hours
+Wales: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Wallis and Futuna Islands: +12 hours
+Windward Islands: -4 hours
+Yemen: +3 hours
+Yugoslavia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Zaire Kasai: +2 hours
+Zaire Kinshasa Mbandaka: +1 hours
+Zaire Haut Zaire: +2 hours
+Zaire Kivu: +2 hours
+Zaire Shaba: +2 hours
+Zambia: +2 hours
+Zimbabwe: +2 hours
+All timezone information is non-authoritative...
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)usno1997 7.7
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (1997-03-07):
+#
+# Here's time zone information from the United States Naval Observatory
+# via http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html. See USNO's note at the end.
+Unofficial Time Zone Information
+World Time Zones
+For selected countries, the local standard time offset from UTC is given, with daylight savings time where observed.
+Time: Fri Mar 7 22:38:58 UTC 1997
+Afghanistan: +4.5 hours
+Albania: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Algeria: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+American Samoa: -11 hours
+Andorra: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Angola: +1 hours
+Anguilla: -4 hours
+Antarctica: -2 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Antigua: -4 hours
+Argentina: -3 hours
+Argentina western prov: -4 hours
+Armenia: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Aruba: -4 hours
+Ascension: 0 hours
+Australia Northern Territory: +9.5 hours
+Australia Lord Howe Island: +10.5 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia New South Wales: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Queensland: +10 hours
+Australia Victoria: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Australian Captial Territory: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia South: +9.5 hours (Local summer +10.5 hours)
+Australia Tasmania: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Western: +8 hours
+Austria: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Azerbajian: +3 hours
+Azores: -1 hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Bahamas: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Bahrain: +3 hours
+Balearic Islands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Bangladesh: +6 hours
+Barbados: -4 hours
+Belarus: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Belgium: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Belize: -6 hours
+Benin: +1 hours
+Bermuda: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Bhutan: +6 hours
+Bolivia: -4 hours
+Bonaire: -4 hours
+Bosnia Hercegovina: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Botswana: +2 hours
+Brazil Acre: -4 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Brazil Atlantic Islands: -1 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+Brazil East: -3 hours (Local summer -1 hours)
+Brazil West: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+British Virgin Islands: -4 hours
+Brunei: +8 hours
+Bulgaria: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Burkina Faso: 0 hours
+Burundi: +2 hours
+Cambodia: +7 hours
+Cameroon: +1 hours
+Canada Central: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Canada Eastern: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Canada Mountain: -7 hours (Local summer -6 hours)
+Canada Yukon & Pacific: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+Canada Atlantic: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Canada Newfoundland: -3.5 hours (Local summer -2.5 hours)
+Canary Islands: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Canton Enderbury Islands: -11 hours
+Cape Verde: -1 hours
+Caroline Island: +11 hours
+Cayman Islands: -5 hours
+Central African Rep: +1 hours
+Chad: +1 hours
+Channel Islands: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Chatham Island: +12.75 hours (Local summer +13.75 hours)
+Chile: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+China People's Rep: +8 hours
+Christmas Islands: -10 hours
+Cocos (Keeling) Islands: ( hours (Local summer ) hours)
+Colombia: -5 hours
+Congo: +1 hours
+Cook Islands: -10 hours
+Costa Rica: -6 hours
+Cote d'Ivoire: 0 hours
+Croatia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Cuba: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Curacao: -4 hours
+Cyprus: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Czech Republic: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Dahomey: +1 hours
+Denmark: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Djibouti: +3 hours
+Dominica: -4 hours
+Dominican Republic: -4 hours
+Easter Island: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Ecuador: -5 hours
+Egypt: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+El Salvador: -6 hours
+England: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Equitorial Guinea: +1 hours
+Eritrea: +3 hours
+Estonia: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Ethiopia: +3 hours
+Falkland Islands: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Faroe Island: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Fiji: +12 hours
+Finland: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+France: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+French Guiana: -3 hours
+French Polynesia: -10 hours
+Gabon: +1 hours
+Galapagos Islands: -5 hours
+Gambia: 0 hours
+Gambier Island: -9 hours
+Georgia: +4 hours
+Germany: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Ghana: 0 hours
+Gibraltar: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Greece: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Greenland: -3 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+Greenland Thule: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Greenland Scoresbysun: -1 hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Grenada: -4 hours
+Grenadines: -4 hours
+Guadeloupe: -4 hours
+Guam: +10 hours
+Guatemala: -6 hours
+Guinea: 0 hours
+Guinea Bissau: - hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Guyana: -3 hours
+Haiti: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Honduras: -6 hours
+Hong kong: +8 hours
+Hungary: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Iceland: 0 hours
+India: +5.5 hours
+Indonesia Central: +8 hours
+Indonesia East: +9 hours
+Indonesia West: +7 hours
+Iran: +3.5 hours
+Iraq: +3 hours (Local summer +4 hours)
+Ireland Republic of: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Israel: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Italy: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Jamaica: -5 hours
+Japan: +9 hours
+Johnston Island: -10 hours
+Jordan: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Kazakhstan: +6 hours (Local summer +7 hours)
+Kenya: +3 hours
+Kiribati: +12 hours
+Korea Dem Republic of: +9 hours
+Korea Republic of: +9 hours
+Kusaie: +12 hours
+Kuwait: +3 hours
+Kwajalein: -12 hours
+Kyrgyzstan: +5 hours (Local summer +6 hours)
+Laos: +7 hours
+Latvia: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Lebanon: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Leeward Islands: -4 hours
+Lesotho: +2 hours
+Liberia: 0 hours
+Libya: +2 hours
+Lithuania: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Luxembourg: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Macedonia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Madagascar: +3 hours
+Madeira: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Malawi: +2 hours
+Malaysia: +8 hours
+Maldives: +5 hours
+Mali: 0 hours
+Mallorca Islands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Malta: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mariana Island: +10 hours
+Marquesas Islands: -9.5 hours
+Marshall Islands: +12 hours
+Martinique: -4 hours
+Mauritania: 0 hours
+Mauritius: +4 hours
+Mayotte: +3 hours
+Melilla: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mexico: -6 hours
+Mexico Baja Calif Norte: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+Mexico Nayarit: -7 hours
+Mexico Sinaloa: -7 hours
+Mexico Sonora: -7 hours
+Midway Island: -11 hours
+Moldova: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Moldovian Rep Pridnestrovye: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Monaco: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mongolia: +8 hours
+Morocco: 0 hours
+Mozambique: +2 hours
+Myanmar: +6.5 hours
+Namibia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Nauru Republic of: +12 hours
+Nepal: +5.75 hours
+Netherlands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Netherlands Antilles: -4 hours
+Nevis Montserrat: -4 hours
+New Caledonia: +11 hours
+New Hebrides: +11 hours
+New Zealand: +12 hours (Local summer +13 hours)
+Nicaragua: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Niger: +1 hours
+Nigeria: +1 hours
+Niue Island: -11 hours
+Norfolk Island: +11.5 hours
+Northern Ireland: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Northern Mariana Islands: +10 hours
+Norway: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Oman: +4 hours
+Pakistan: +5 hours
+Palau: +9 hours
+Panama: -5 hours
+Papua New Guinea: +10 hours
+Paraguay: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Peru: -5 hours
+Philippines: +8 hours
+Pingelap: +12 hours
+Poland: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Ponape Island: +11 hours
+Portugal: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Principe Island: 0 hours
+Puerto Rico: -4 hours
+Qatar: +3 hours
+Reunion: +4 hours
+Romania: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Russian Federation zone eight: +9 hours (Local summer +10 hours)
+Russian Federation zone eleven: +12 hours (Local summer +13 hours)
+Russian Federation zone five: +6 hours (Local summer +7 hours)
+Russian Federation zone four: +5 hours (Local summer +6 hours)
+Russian Federation zone nine: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Russian Federation zone one: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Russian Federation zone seven: +8 hours (Local summer +9 hours)
+Russian Federation zone six: +7 hours (Local summer +8 hours)
+Russian Federation zone ten: +11 hours (Local summer +12 hours)
+Russian Federation zone three: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Russian Federation zone two: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Rwanda: +2 hours
+Saba: -4 hours
+Samoa: -11 hours
+San Marino: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Sao Tome e Principe: 0 hours
+Saudi Arabia: +3 hours
+Scotland: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Senegal: 0 hours
+Seychelles: +4 hours
+Sierra Leone: 0 hours
+Singapore: +8 hours
+Slovakia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Slovenia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Society Island: -10 hours
+Solomon Islands: +11 hours
+Somalia: +3 hours
+South Africa: +2 hours
+Spain: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Sri Lanka: +5.5 hours
+St Christopher: -4 hours
+St Croix: -4 hours
+St Helena: 0 hours
+St John: -4 hours
+St Kitts Nevis: -4 hours
+St Lucia: -4 hours
+St Maarten: -4 hours
+St Pierre & Miquelon: -3 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+St Thomas: -4 hours
+St Vincent: -4 hours
+Sudan: +2 hours
+Suriname: -3 hours
+Swaziland: +2 hours
+Sweden: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Switzerland: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Syria: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Tahiti: -10 hours
+Taiwan: +8 hours
+Tajikistan: +6 hours
+Tanzania: +3 hours
+Thailand: +7 hours
+Togo: 0 hours
+Tonga: +13 hours
+Trinidad and Tobago: -4 hours
+Tuamotu Island: -10 hours
+Tubuai Island: -10 hours
+Tunisia: +1 hours
+Turkey: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Turkmenistan: +5 hours
+Turks and Caicos Islands: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Tuvalu: +12 hours
+Uganda: +3 hours
+Ukraine: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+United Arab Emirates: +4 hours
+United Kingdom: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+USA Central: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+USA Eastern: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+USA Mountain: -7 hours (Local summer -6 hours)
+USA Arizona: -7 hours
+USA Indiana East: -5 hours
+USA Pacific: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+USA Alaska: -9 hours (Local summer -8 hours)
+USA Aleutian: -10 hours
+USA Hawaii: -10 hours
+Uruguay: -3 hours
+Uzbekistan: +5 hours
+Vanuatu: +11 hours (Local summer +12 hours)
+Vatican City: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Venezuela: -4 hours
+Vietnam: +7 hours
+Virgin Islands: -4 hours
+Wake Island: +12 hours
+Wales: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Wallis and Futuna Islands: +12 hours
+Windward Islands: -4 hours
+Yemen: +3 hours
+Yugoslavia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Zaire Kasai: +2 hours
+Zaire Kinshasa Mbandaka: +1 hours
+Zaire Haut Zaire: +2 hours
+Zaire Kivu: +2 hours
+Zaire Shaba: +2 hours
+Zambia: +2 hours
+Zimbabwe: +2 hours
+All timezone information is non-authoritative...
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)usno1998 7.4
+#
+# From Arthur David Olson (1998-05-26):
+#
+# Here's time zone information from the United States Naval Observatory
+# via http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html. See USNO's note at the end.
+Unofficial Time Zone Information
+World Time Zones
+For selected countries, the local standard time offset from UTC is given, with daylight savings time where observed.
+Time: Mon May 25 21:14:24 UTC 1998
+Afghanistan: +4.5 hours
+Albania: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Algeria: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+American Samoa: -11 hours
+Andorra: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Angola: +1 hours
+Anguilla: -4 hours
+Antarctica: -2 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Antigua: -4 hours
+Argentina: -3 hours
+Argentina western prov: -4 hours
+Armenia: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Aruba: -4 hours
+Ascension: 0 hours
+Australia Northern Territory: +9.5 hours
+Australia Lord Howe Island: +10.5 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia New South Wales: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Queensland: +10 hours
+Australia Victoria: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Australian Captial Territory: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia South: +9.5 hours (Local summer +10.5 hours)
+Australia Tasmania: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Australia Western: +8 hours
+Austria: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Azerbajian: +3 hours
+Azores: -1 hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Bahamas: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Bahrain: +3 hours
+Balearic Islands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Bangladesh: +6 hours
+Barbados: -4 hours
+Belarus: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Belgium: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Belize: -6 hours
+Benin: +1 hours
+Bermuda: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Bhutan: +6 hours
+Bolivia: -4 hours
+Bonaire: -4 hours
+Bosnia Hercegovina: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Botswana: +2 hours
+Brazil Acre: -4 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Brazil Atlantic Islands: -1 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+Brazil East: -3 hours (Local summer -1 hours)
+Brazil West: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+British Virgin Islands: -4 hours
+Brunei: +8 hours
+Bulgaria: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Burkina Faso: 0 hours
+Burundi: +2 hours
+Cambodia: +7 hours
+Cameroon: +1 hours
+Canada Central: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Canada Eastern: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Canada Mountain: -7 hours (Local summer -6 hours)
+Canada Yukon & Pacific: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+Canada Atlantic: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Canada Newfoundland: -3.5 hours (Local summer -2.5 hours)
+Canary Islands: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Canton Enderbury Islands: -11 hours
+Cape Verde: -1 hours
+Caroline Island: +11 hours
+Cayman Islands: -5 hours
+Central African Rep: +1 hours
+Chad: +1 hours
+Channel Islands: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Chatham Island: +12.75 hours (Local summer +13.75 hours)
+Chile: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+China People's Rep: +8 hours
+Christmas Islands: -10 hours
+Cocos (Keeling) Islands: ( hours (Local summer ) hours)
+Colombia: -5 hours
+Congo: +1 hours
+Cook Islands: -10 hours
+Costa Rica: -6 hours
+Cote d'Ivoire: 0 hours
+Croatia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Cuba: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Curacao: -4 hours
+Cyprus: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Czech Republic: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Dahomey: +1 hours
+Denmark: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Djibouti: +3 hours
+Dominica: -4 hours
+Dominican Republic: -4 hours
+Easter Island: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Ecuador: -5 hours
+Egypt: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+El Salvador: -6 hours
+England: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Equitorial Guinea: +1 hours
+Eritrea: +3 hours
+Estonia: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Ethiopia: +3 hours
+Falkland Islands: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Faroe Island: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Fiji: +12 hours
+Finland: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+France: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+French Guiana: -3 hours
+French Polynesia: -10 hours
+Gabon: +1 hours
+Galapagos Islands: -5 hours
+Gambia: 0 hours
+Gambier Island: -9 hours
+Georgia: +4 hours
+Germany: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Ghana: 0 hours
+Gibraltar: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Greece: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Greenland: -3 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+Greenland Thule: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Greenland Scoresbysun: -1 hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Grenada: -4 hours
+Grenadines: -4 hours
+Guadeloupe: -4 hours
+Guam: +10 hours
+Guatemala: -6 hours
+Guinea: 0 hours
+Guinea Bissau: - hours (Local summer 0 hours)
+Guyana: -3 hours
+Haiti: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Honduras: -6 hours
+Hong kong: +8 hours
+Hungary: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Iceland: 0 hours
+India: +5.5 hours
+Indonesia Central: +8 hours
+Indonesia East: +9 hours
+Indonesia West: +7 hours
+Iran: +3.5 hours
+Iraq: +3 hours (Local summer +4 hours)
+Ireland Republic of: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Israel: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Italy: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Jamaica: -5 hours
+Japan: +9 hours
+Johnston Island: -10 hours
+Jordan: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Kazakhstan: +6 hours (Local summer +7 hours)
+Kenya: +3 hours
+Kiribati: +12 hours
+Korea Dem Republic of: +9 hours
+Korea Republic of: +9 hours
+Kusaie: +12 hours
+Kuwait: +3 hours
+Kwajalein: -12 hours
+Kyrgyzstan: +5 hours (Local summer +6 hours)
+Laos: +7 hours
+Latvia: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Lebanon: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Leeward Islands: -4 hours
+Lesotho: +2 hours
+Liberia: 0 hours
+Libya: +2 hours
+Lithuania: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Luxembourg: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Macedonia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Madagascar: +3 hours
+Madeira: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Malawi: +2 hours
+Malaysia: +8 hours
+Maldives: +5 hours
+Mali: 0 hours
+Mallorca Islands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Malta: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mariana Island: +10 hours
+Marquesas Islands: -9.5 hours
+Marshall Islands: +12 hours
+Martinique: -4 hours
+Mauritania: 0 hours
+Mauritius: +4 hours
+Mayotte: +3 hours
+Melilla: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mexico: -6 hours
+Mexico Baja Calif Norte: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+Mexico Nayarit: -7 hours
+Mexico Sinaloa: -7 hours
+Mexico Sonora: -7 hours
+Midway Island: -11 hours
+Moldova: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Moldovian Rep Pridnestrovye: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Monaco: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Mongolia: +8 hours
+Morocco: 0 hours
+Mozambique: +2 hours
+Myanmar: +6.5 hours
+Namibia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Nauru Republic of: +12 hours
+Nepal: +5.75 hours
+Netherlands: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Netherlands Antilles: -4 hours
+Nevis Montserrat: -4 hours
+New Caledonia: +11 hours
+New Hebrides: +11 hours
+New Zealand: +12 hours (Local summer +13 hours)
+Nicaragua: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+Niger: +1 hours
+Nigeria: +1 hours
+Niue Island: -11 hours
+Norfolk Island: +11.5 hours
+Northern Ireland: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Northern Mariana Islands: +10 hours
+Norway: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Oman: +4 hours
+Pakistan: +5 hours
+Palau: +9 hours
+Panama: -5 hours
+Papua New Guinea: +10 hours
+Paraguay: -4 hours (Local summer -3 hours)
+Peru: -5 hours
+Philippines: +8 hours
+Pingelap: +12 hours
+Poland: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Ponape Island: +11 hours
+Portugal: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Principe Island: 0 hours
+Puerto Rico: -4 hours
+Qatar: +3 hours
+Reunion: +4 hours
+Romania: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Russian Federation zone eight: +9 hours (Local summer +10 hours)
+Russian Federation zone eleven: +12 hours (Local summer +13 hours)
+Russian Federation zone five: +6 hours (Local summer +7 hours)
+Russian Federation zone four: +5 hours (Local summer +6 hours)
+Russian Federation zone nine: +10 hours (Local summer +11 hours)
+Russian Federation zone one: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Russian Federation zone seven: +8 hours (Local summer +9 hours)
+Russian Federation zone six: +7 hours (Local summer +8 hours)
+Russian Federation zone ten: +11 hours (Local summer +12 hours)
+Russian Federation zone three: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Russian Federation zone two: +4 hours (Local summer +5 hours)
+Rwanda: +2 hours
+Saba: -4 hours
+Samoa: -11 hours
+San Marino: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Sao Tome e Principe: 0 hours
+Saudi Arabia: +3 hours
+Scotland: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Senegal: 0 hours
+Seychelles: +4 hours
+Sierra Leone: 0 hours
+Singapore: +8 hours
+Slovakia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Slovenia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Society Island: -10 hours
+Solomon Islands: +11 hours
+Somalia: +3 hours
+South Africa: +2 hours
+Spain: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Sri Lanka: +5.5 hours
+St Christopher: -4 hours
+St Croix: -4 hours
+St Helena: 0 hours
+St John: -4 hours
+St Kitts Nevis: -4 hours
+St Lucia: -4 hours
+St Maarten: -4 hours
+St Pierre & Miquelon: -3 hours (Local summer -2 hours)
+St Thomas: -4 hours
+St Vincent: -4 hours
+Sudan: +2 hours
+Suriname: -3 hours
+Swaziland: +2 hours
+Sweden: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Switzerland: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Syria: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Tahiti: -10 hours
+Taiwan: +8 hours
+Tajikistan: +6 hours
+Tanzania: +3 hours
+Thailand: +7 hours
+Togo: 0 hours
+Tonga: +13 hours
+Trinidad and Tobago: -4 hours
+Tuamotu Island: -10 hours
+Tubuai Island: -10 hours
+Tunisia: +1 hours
+Turkey: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+Turkmenistan: +5 hours
+Turks and Caicos Islands: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+Tuvalu: +12 hours
+Uganda: +3 hours
+Ukraine: +2 hours (Local summer +3 hours)
+United Arab Emirates: +4 hours
+United Kingdom: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+USA Central: -6 hours (Local summer -5 hours)
+USA Eastern: -5 hours (Local summer -4 hours)
+USA Mountain: -7 hours (Local summer -6 hours)
+USA Arizona: -7 hours
+USA Indiana East: -5 hours
+USA Pacific: -8 hours (Local summer -7 hours)
+USA Alaska: -9 hours (Local summer -8 hours)
+USA Aleutian: -10 hours
+USA Hawaii: -10 hours
+Uruguay: -3 hours
+Uzbekistan: +5 hours
+Vanuatu: +11 hours (Local summer +12 hours)
+Vatican City: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Venezuela: -4 hours
+Vietnam: +7 hours
+Virgin Islands: -4 hours
+Wake Island: +12 hours
+Wales: 0 hours (Local summer +1 hours)
+Wallis and Futuna Islands: +12 hours
+Windward Islands: -4 hours
+Yemen: +3 hours
+Yugoslavia: +1 hours (Local summer +2 hours)
+Zaire Kasai: +2 hours
+Zaire Kinshasa Mbandaka: +1 hours
+Zaire Haut Zaire: +2 hours
+Zaire Kivu: +2 hours
+Zaire Shaba: +2 hours
+Zambia: +2 hours
+Zimbabwe: +2 hours
+All timezone information is non-authoritative...
--- /dev/null
+#! /bin/sh
+
+# @(#)workman.sh 1.8
+
+# Tell groff not to emit SGR escape sequences (ANSI color escapes).
+GROFF_NO_SGR=1
+export GROFF_NO_SGR
+
+echo ".am TH
+.hy 0
+.na
+..
+.rm }H
+.rm }F" | nroff -man - ${1+"$@"} | perl -ne '
+ chomp;
+ s/.\010//g;
+ s/\s*$//;
+ if (/^$/) {
+ $sawblank = 1;
+ next;
+ } else {
+ if ($sawblank && $didprint) {
+ print "\n";
+ $sawblank = 0;
+ }
+ print "$_\n";
+ $didprint = 1;
+ }
+'
--- /dev/null
+#! /bin/sh
+
+: 'This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of'
+: '2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.'
+
+: '@(#)yearistype.sh 8.2'
+
+case $#-$1 in
+ 2-|2-0*|2-*[!0-9]*)
+ echo "$0: wild year - $1" >&2
+ exit 1 ;;
+esac
+
+case $#-$2 in
+ 2-even)
+ case $1 in
+ *[24680]) exit 0 ;;
+ *) exit 1 ;;
+ esac ;;
+ 2-nonpres|2-nonuspres)
+ case $1 in
+ *[02468][048]|*[13579][26]) exit 1 ;;
+ *) exit 0 ;;
+ esac ;;
+ 2-odd)
+ case $1 in
+ *[13579]) exit 0 ;;
+ *) exit 1 ;;
+ esac ;;
+ 2-uspres)
+ case $1 in
+ *[02468][048]|*[13579][26]) exit 0 ;;
+ *) exit 1 ;;
+ esac ;;
+ 2-*)
+ echo "$0: wild type - $2" >&2 ;;
+esac
+
+echo "$0: usage is $0 year even|odd|uspres|nonpres|nonuspres" >&2
+exit 1
--- /dev/null
+.TH ZDUMP 8
+.SH NAME
+zdump \- time zone dumper
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B zdump
+[
+.B \-\-version
+]
+[
+.B \-v
+] [
+.B \-c
+[loyear,]hiyear ] [ zonename ... ]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I Zdump
+prints the current time in each
+.I zonename
+named on the command line.
+.PP
+These options are available:
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-version"
+Output version information and exit.
+.TP
+.B \-v
+For each
+.I zonename
+on the command line,
+print the time at the lowest possible time value,
+the time one day after the lowest possible time value,
+the times both one second before and exactly at
+each detected time discontinuity,
+the time at one day less than the highest possible time value,
+and the time at the highest possible time value,
+Each line ends with
+.B isdst=1
+if the given time is Daylight Saving Time or
+.B isdst=0
+otherwise.
+.TP
+.BI "\-c " [loyear,]hiyear
+Cut off verbose output near the start of the given year(s).
+By default,
+the program cuts off verbose output near the starts of the years -500 and 2500.
+.SH LIMITATIONS
+The
+.B \-v
+option may not be used on systems with floating-point time_t values
+that are neither float nor double.
+.PP
+Time discontinuities are found by sampling the results returned by localtime
+at twelve-hour intervals.
+This works in all real-world cases;
+one can construct artificial time zones for which this fails.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+newctime(3), tzfile(5), zic(8)
+.\" @(#)zdump.8 7.7
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ zdump - time zone dumper
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ zdump [ --version ] [ -v ] [ -c [loyear,]hiyear ] [ zonename
+ ... ]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Zdump prints the current time in each zonename named on the
+ command line.
+
+ These options are available:
+
+ --version
+ Output version information and exit.
+
+ -v For each zonename on the command line, print the time
+ at the lowest possible time value, the time one day
+ after the lowest possible time value, the times both
+ one second before and exactly at each detected time
+ discontinuity, the time at one day less than the
+ highest possible time value, and the time at the
+ highest possible time value, Each line ends with
+ isdst=1 if the given time is Daylight Saving Time or
+ isdst=0 otherwise.
+
+ -c [loyear,]hiyear
+ Cut off verbose output near the start of the given
+ year(s). By default, the program cuts off verbose
+ output near the starts of the years -500 and 2500.
+
+LIMITATIONS
+ The -v option may not be used on systems with floating-point
+ time_t values that are neither float nor double.
+
+ Time discontinuities are found by sampling the results
+ returned by localtime at twelve-hour intervals. This works
+ in all real-world cases; one can construct artificial time
+ zones for which this fails.
+
+SEE ALSO
+ newctime(3), tzfile(5), zic(8)
--- /dev/null
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zdump.c 7.77";
+
+/*
+** This code has been made independent of the rest of the time
+** conversion package to increase confidence in the verification it provides.
+** You can use this code to help in verifying other implementations.
+*/
+
+#include "stdio.h" /* for stdout, stderr, perror */
+#include "string.h" /* for strcpy */
+#include "sys/types.h" /* for time_t */
+#include "time.h" /* for struct tm */
+#include "stdlib.h" /* for exit, malloc, atoi */
+#include "float.h" /* for FLT_MAX and DBL_MAX */
+#include "ctype.h" /* for isalpha et al. */
+#ifndef isascii
+#define isascii(x) 1
+#endif /* !defined isascii */
+
+#ifndef ZDUMP_LO_YEAR
+#define ZDUMP_LO_YEAR (-500)
+#endif /* !defined ZDUMP_LO_YEAR */
+
+#ifndef ZDUMP_HI_YEAR
+#define ZDUMP_HI_YEAR 2500
+#endif /* !defined ZDUMP_HI_YEAR */
+
+#ifndef MAX_STRING_LENGTH
+#define MAX_STRING_LENGTH 1024
+#endif /* !defined MAX_STRING_LENGTH */
+
+#ifndef TRUE
+#define TRUE 1
+#endif /* !defined TRUE */
+
+#ifndef FALSE
+#define FALSE 0
+#endif /* !defined FALSE */
+
+#ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS
+#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
+#endif /* !defined EXIT_SUCCESS */
+
+#ifndef EXIT_FAILURE
+#define EXIT_FAILURE 1
+#endif /* !defined EXIT_FAILURE */
+
+#ifndef SECSPERMIN
+#define SECSPERMIN 60
+#endif /* !defined SECSPERMIN */
+
+#ifndef MINSPERHOUR
+#define MINSPERHOUR 60
+#endif /* !defined MINSPERHOUR */
+
+#ifndef SECSPERHOUR
+#define SECSPERHOUR (SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR)
+#endif /* !defined SECSPERHOUR */
+
+#ifndef HOURSPERDAY
+#define HOURSPERDAY 24
+#endif /* !defined HOURSPERDAY */
+
+#ifndef EPOCH_YEAR
+#define EPOCH_YEAR 1970
+#endif /* !defined EPOCH_YEAR */
+
+#ifndef TM_YEAR_BASE
+#define TM_YEAR_BASE 1900
+#endif /* !defined TM_YEAR_BASE */
+
+#ifndef DAYSPERNYEAR
+#define DAYSPERNYEAR 365
+#endif /* !defined DAYSPERNYEAR */
+
+#ifndef isleap
+#define isleap(y) (((y) % 4) == 0 && (((y) % 100) != 0 || ((y) % 400) == 0))
+#endif /* !defined isleap */
+
+#ifndef isleap_sum
+/*
+** See tzfile.h for details on isleap_sum.
+*/
+#define isleap_sum(a, b) isleap((a) % 400 + (b) % 400)
+#endif /* !defined isleap_sum */
+
+#define SECSPERDAY ((long) SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY)
+#define SECSPERNYEAR (SECSPERDAY * DAYSPERNYEAR)
+#define SECSPERLYEAR (SECSPERNYEAR + SECSPERDAY)
+
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+#include "locale.h" /* for setlocale */
+#include "libintl.h"
+#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT */
+
+#ifndef GNUC_or_lint
+#ifdef lint
+#define GNUC_or_lint
+#else /* !defined lint */
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+#define GNUC_or_lint
+#endif /* defined __GNUC__ */
+#endif /* !defined lint */
+#endif /* !defined GNUC_or_lint */
+
+#ifndef INITIALIZE
+#ifdef GNUC_or_lint
+#define INITIALIZE(x) ((x) = 0)
+#else /* !defined GNUC_or_lint */
+#define INITIALIZE(x)
+#endif /* !defined GNUC_or_lint */
+#endif /* !defined INITIALIZE */
+
+/*
+** For the benefit of GNU folk...
+** `_(MSGID)' uses the current locale's message library string for MSGID.
+** The default is to use gettext if available, and use MSGID otherwise.
+*/
+
+#ifndef _
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+#define _(msgid) gettext(msgid)
+#else /* !HAVE_GETTEXT */
+#define _(msgid) msgid
+#endif /* !HAVE_GETTEXT */
+#endif /* !defined _ */
+
+#ifndef TZ_DOMAIN
+#define TZ_DOMAIN "tz"
+#endif /* !defined TZ_DOMAIN */
+
+#ifndef P
+#if __STDC__
+#define P(x) x
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+#define P(x) ()
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+#endif /* !defined P */
+
+extern char ** environ;
+extern int getopt P((int argc, char * const argv[],
+ const char * options));
+extern char * optarg;
+extern int optind;
+extern char * tzname[2];
+
+static time_t absolute_min_time;
+static time_t absolute_max_time;
+static size_t longest;
+static char * progname;
+static int warned;
+
+static char * abbr P((struct tm * tmp));
+static void abbrok P((const char * abbrp, const char * zone));
+static long delta P((struct tm * newp, struct tm * oldp));
+static void dumptime P((const struct tm * tmp));
+static time_t hunt P((char * name, time_t lot, time_t hit));
+static void setabsolutes P((void));
+static void show P((char * zone, time_t t, int v));
+static const char * tformat P((void));
+static time_t yeartot P((long y));
+
+#ifndef TYPECHECK
+#define my_localtime localtime
+#else /* !defined TYPECHECK */
+static struct tm *
+my_localtime(tp)
+time_t * tp;
+{
+ register struct tm * tmp;
+
+ tmp = localtime(tp);
+ if (tp != NULL && tmp != NULL) {
+ struct tm tm;
+ register time_t t;
+
+ tm = *tmp;
+ t = mktime(&tm);
+ if (t - *tp >= 1 || *tp - t >= 1) {
+ (void) fflush(stdout);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: ", progname);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, tformat(), *tp);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " ->");
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " year=%d", tmp->tm_year);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " mon=%d", tmp->tm_mon);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " mday=%d", tmp->tm_mday);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " hour=%d", tmp->tm_hour);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " min=%d", tmp->tm_min);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " sec=%d", tmp->tm_sec);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " isdst=%d", tmp->tm_isdst);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, " -> ");
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, tformat(), t);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+ }
+ }
+ return tmp;
+}
+#endif /* !defined TYPECHECK */
+
+static void
+abbrok(abbrp, zone)
+const char * const abbrp;
+const char * const zone;
+{
+ register const char * cp;
+ register char * wp;
+
+ if (warned)
+ return;
+ cp = abbrp;
+ wp = NULL;
+ while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) && isalpha((unsigned char) *cp))
+ ++cp;
+ if (cp - abbrp == 0)
+ wp = _("lacks alphabetic at start");
+ else if (cp - abbrp < 3)
+ wp = _("has fewer than 3 alphabetics");
+ else if (cp - abbrp > 6)
+ wp = _("has more than 6 alphabetics");
+ if (wp == NULL && (*cp == '+' || *cp == '-')) {
+ ++cp;
+ if (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+ isdigit((unsigned char) *cp))
+ if (*cp++ == '1' && *cp >= '0' && *cp <= '4')
+ ++cp;
+ if (*cp != '\0')
+ wp = _("differs from POSIX standard");
+ }
+ if (wp == NULL)
+ return;
+ (void) fflush(stdout);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: warning: zone \"%s\" abbreviation \"%s\" %s\n"),
+ progname, zone, abbrp, wp);
+ warned = TRUE;
+}
+
+int
+main(argc, argv)
+int argc;
+char * argv[];
+{
+ register int i;
+ register int c;
+ register int vflag;
+ register char * cutarg;
+ register long cutloyear = ZDUMP_LO_YEAR;
+ register long cuthiyear = ZDUMP_HI_YEAR;
+ register time_t cutlotime;
+ register time_t cuthitime;
+ register char ** fakeenv;
+ time_t now;
+ time_t t;
+ time_t newt;
+ struct tm tm;
+ struct tm newtm;
+ register struct tm * tmp;
+ register struct tm * newtmp;
+
+ INITIALIZE(cutlotime);
+ INITIALIZE(cuthitime);
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+ (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+#ifdef TZ_DOMAINDIR
+ (void) bindtextdomain(TZ_DOMAIN, TZ_DOMAINDIR);
+#endif /* defined TEXTDOMAINDIR */
+ (void) textdomain(TZ_DOMAIN);
+#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT */
+ progname = argv[0];
+ for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
+ if (strcmp(argv[i], "--version") == 0) {
+ (void) printf("%s\n", elsieid);
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ }
+ vflag = 0;
+ cutarg = NULL;
+ while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:v")) == 'c' || c == 'v')
+ if (c == 'v')
+ vflag = 1;
+ else cutarg = optarg;
+ if ((c != EOF && c != -1) ||
+ (optind == argc - 1 && strcmp(argv[optind], "=") == 0)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: usage is %s [ --version ] [ -v ] [ -c [loyear,]hiyear ] zonename ...\n"),
+ progname, progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if (vflag) {
+ if (cutarg != NULL) {
+ long lo;
+ long hi;
+ char dummy;
+
+ if (sscanf(cutarg, "%ld%c", &hi, &dummy) == 1) {
+ cuthiyear = hi;
+ } else if (sscanf(cutarg, "%ld,%ld%c",
+ &lo, &hi, &dummy) == 2) {
+ cutloyear = lo;
+ cuthiyear = hi;
+ } else {
+(void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: wild -c argument %s\n"),
+ progname, cutarg);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ setabsolutes();
+ cutlotime = yeartot(cutloyear);
+ cuthitime = yeartot(cuthiyear);
+ }
+ (void) time(&now);
+ longest = 0;
+ for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i)
+ if (strlen(argv[i]) > longest)
+ longest = strlen(argv[i]);
+ {
+ register int from;
+ register int to;
+
+ for (i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; ++i)
+ continue;
+ fakeenv = (char **) malloc((size_t) ((i + 2) *
+ sizeof *fakeenv));
+ if (fakeenv == NULL ||
+ (fakeenv[0] = (char *) malloc(longest + 4)) == NULL) {
+ (void) perror(progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ to = 0;
+ (void) strcpy(fakeenv[to++], "TZ=");
+ for (from = 0; environ[from] != NULL; ++from)
+ if (strncmp(environ[from], "TZ=", 3) != 0)
+ fakeenv[to++] = environ[from];
+ fakeenv[to] = NULL;
+ environ = fakeenv;
+ }
+ for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i) {
+ static char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
+
+ (void) strcpy(&fakeenv[0][3], argv[i]);
+ if (!vflag) {
+ show(argv[i], now, FALSE);
+ continue;
+ }
+ warned = FALSE;
+ t = absolute_min_time;
+ show(argv[i], t, TRUE);
+ t += SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY;
+ show(argv[i], t, TRUE);
+ if (t < cutlotime)
+ t = cutlotime;
+ tmp = my_localtime(&t);
+ if (tmp != NULL) {
+ tm = *tmp;
+ (void) strncpy(buf, abbr(&tm), (sizeof buf) - 1);
+ }
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ if (t >= cuthitime)
+ break;
+ newt = t + SECSPERHOUR * 12;
+ if (newt >= cuthitime)
+ break;
+ if (newt <= t)
+ break;
+ newtmp = localtime(&newt);
+ if (newtmp != NULL)
+ newtm = *newtmp;
+ if ((tmp == NULL || newtmp == NULL) ? (tmp != newtmp) :
+ (delta(&newtm, &tm) != (newt - t) ||
+ newtm.tm_isdst != tm.tm_isdst ||
+ strcmp(abbr(&newtm), buf) != 0)) {
+ newt = hunt(argv[i], t, newt);
+ newtmp = localtime(&newt);
+ if (newtmp != NULL) {
+ newtm = *newtmp;
+ (void) strncpy(buf,
+ abbr(&newtm),
+ (sizeof buf) - 1);
+ }
+ }
+ t = newt;
+ tm = newtm;
+ tmp = newtmp;
+ }
+ t = absolute_max_time;
+ t -= SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY;
+ show(argv[i], t, TRUE);
+ t += SECSPERHOUR * HOURSPERDAY;
+ show(argv[i], t, TRUE);
+ }
+ if (fflush(stdout) || ferror(stdout)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
+ (void) perror(_("Error writing standard output"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ /* If exit fails to exit... */
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
+static void
+setabsolutes()
+{
+ if (0.5 == (time_t) 0.5) {
+ /*
+ ** time_t is floating.
+ */
+ if (sizeof (time_t) == sizeof (float)) {
+ absolute_min_time = (time_t) -FLT_MAX;
+ absolute_max_time = (time_t) FLT_MAX;
+ } else if (sizeof (time_t) == sizeof (double)) {
+ absolute_min_time = (time_t) -DBL_MAX;
+ absolute_max_time = (time_t) DBL_MAX;
+ } else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: use of -v on system with floating time_t other than float or double\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ } else if (0 > (time_t) -1) {
+ /*
+ ** time_t is signed. Assume overflow wraps around.
+ */
+ time_t t = 0;
+ time_t t1 = 1;
+
+ while (t < t1) {
+ t = t1;
+ t1 = 2 * t1 + 1;
+ }
+
+ absolute_max_time = t;
+ t = -t;
+ absolute_min_time = t - 1;
+ if (t < absolute_min_time)
+ absolute_min_time = t;
+ } else {
+ /*
+ ** time_t is unsigned.
+ */
+ absolute_min_time = 0;
+ absolute_max_time = absolute_min_time - 1;
+ }
+}
+
+static time_t
+yeartot(y)
+const long y;
+{
+ register long myy;
+ register long seconds;
+ register time_t t;
+
+ myy = EPOCH_YEAR;
+ t = 0;
+ while (myy != y) {
+ if (myy < y) {
+ seconds = isleap(myy) ? SECSPERLYEAR : SECSPERNYEAR;
+ ++myy;
+ if (t > absolute_max_time - seconds) {
+ t = absolute_max_time;
+ break;
+ }
+ t += seconds;
+ } else {
+ --myy;
+ seconds = isleap(myy) ? SECSPERLYEAR : SECSPERNYEAR;
+ if (t < absolute_min_time + seconds) {
+ t = absolute_min_time;
+ break;
+ }
+ t -= seconds;
+ }
+ }
+ return t;
+}
+
+static time_t
+#if __STDC__
+hunt(char *name, time_t lot, time_t hit)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+hunt(name, lot, hit)
+char * name;
+time_t lot;
+time_t hit;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ time_t t;
+ long diff;
+ struct tm lotm;
+ register struct tm * lotmp;
+ struct tm tm;
+ register struct tm * tmp;
+ char loab[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
+
+ lotmp = my_localtime(&lot);
+ if (lotmp != NULL) {
+ lotm = *lotmp;
+ (void) strncpy(loab, abbr(&lotm), (sizeof loab) - 1);
+ }
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ diff = (long) (hit - lot);
+ if (diff < 2)
+ break;
+ t = lot;
+ t += diff / 2;
+ if (t <= lot)
+ ++t;
+ else if (t >= hit)
+ --t;
+ tmp = my_localtime(&t);
+ if (tmp != NULL)
+ tm = *tmp;
+ if ((lotmp == NULL || tmp == NULL) ? (lotmp == tmp) :
+ (delta(&tm, &lotm) == (t - lot) &&
+ tm.tm_isdst == lotm.tm_isdst &&
+ strcmp(abbr(&tm), loab) == 0)) {
+ lot = t;
+ lotm = tm;
+ lotmp = tmp;
+ } else hit = t;
+ }
+ show(name, lot, TRUE);
+ show(name, hit, TRUE);
+ return hit;
+}
+
+/*
+** Thanks to Paul Eggert for logic used in delta.
+*/
+
+static long
+delta(newp, oldp)
+struct tm * newp;
+struct tm * oldp;
+{
+ register long result;
+ register int tmy;
+
+ if (newp->tm_year < oldp->tm_year)
+ return -delta(oldp, newp);
+ result = 0;
+ for (tmy = oldp->tm_year; tmy < newp->tm_year; ++tmy)
+ result += DAYSPERNYEAR + isleap_sum(tmy, TM_YEAR_BASE);
+ result += newp->tm_yday - oldp->tm_yday;
+ result *= HOURSPERDAY;
+ result += newp->tm_hour - oldp->tm_hour;
+ result *= MINSPERHOUR;
+ result += newp->tm_min - oldp->tm_min;
+ result *= SECSPERMIN;
+ result += newp->tm_sec - oldp->tm_sec;
+ return result;
+}
+
+static void
+#if __STDC__
+show(char *zone, time_t t, int v)
+#else /* !__STDC__ */
+show(zone, t, v)
+char * zone;
+time_t t;
+int v;
+#endif /* !__STDC__ */
+{
+ register struct tm * tmp;
+
+ (void) printf("%-*s ", (int) longest, zone);
+ if (v) {
+ tmp = gmtime(&t);
+ if (tmp == NULL) {
+ (void) printf(tformat(), t);
+ } else {
+ dumptime(tmp);
+ (void) printf(" UTC");
+ }
+ (void) printf(" = ");
+ }
+ tmp = my_localtime(&t);
+ dumptime(tmp);
+ if (tmp != NULL) {
+ if (*abbr(tmp) != '\0')
+ (void) printf(" %s", abbr(tmp));
+ if (v) {
+ (void) printf(" isdst=%d", tmp->tm_isdst);
+#ifdef TM_GMTOFF
+ (void) printf(" gmtoff=%ld", tmp->TM_GMTOFF);
+#endif /* defined TM_GMTOFF */
+ }
+ }
+ (void) printf("\n");
+ if (tmp != NULL && *abbr(tmp) != '\0')
+ abbrok(abbr(tmp), zone);
+}
+
+static char *
+abbr(tmp)
+struct tm * tmp;
+{
+ register char * result;
+ static char nada;
+
+ if (tmp->tm_isdst != 0 && tmp->tm_isdst != 1)
+ return &nada;
+ result = tzname[tmp->tm_isdst];
+ return (result == NULL) ? &nada : result;
+}
+
+/*
+** The code below can fail on certain theoretical systems;
+** it works on all known real-world systems as of 2004-12-30.
+*/
+
+static const char *
+tformat()
+{
+ if (0.5 == (time_t) 0.5) { /* floating */
+ if (sizeof (time_t) > sizeof (double))
+ return "%Lg";
+ return "%g";
+ }
+ if (0 > (time_t) -1) { /* signed */
+ if (sizeof (time_t) > sizeof (long))
+ return "%lld";
+ if (sizeof (time_t) > sizeof (int))
+ return "%ld";
+ return "%d";
+ }
+ if (sizeof (time_t) > sizeof (unsigned long))
+ return "%llu";
+ if (sizeof (time_t) > sizeof (unsigned int))
+ return "%lu";
+ return "%u";
+}
+
+static void
+dumptime(timeptr)
+register const struct tm * timeptr;
+{
+ static const char wday_name[][3] = {
+ "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
+ };
+ static const char mon_name[][3] = {
+ "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
+ "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
+ };
+ register const char * wn;
+ register const char * mn;
+ register int lead;
+ register int trail;
+
+ if (timeptr == NULL) {
+ (void) printf("NULL");
+ return;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** The packaged versions of localtime and gmtime never put out-of-range
+ ** values in tm_wday or tm_mon, but since this code might be compiled
+ ** with other (perhaps experimental) versions, paranoia is in order.
+ */
+ if (timeptr->tm_wday < 0 || timeptr->tm_wday >=
+ (int) (sizeof wday_name / sizeof wday_name[0]))
+ wn = "???";
+ else wn = wday_name[timeptr->tm_wday];
+ if (timeptr->tm_mon < 0 || timeptr->tm_mon >=
+ (int) (sizeof mon_name / sizeof mon_name[0]))
+ mn = "???";
+ else mn = mon_name[timeptr->tm_mon];
+ (void) printf("%.3s %.3s%3d %.2d:%.2d:%.2d ",
+ wn, mn,
+ timeptr->tm_mday, timeptr->tm_hour,
+ timeptr->tm_min, timeptr->tm_sec);
+#define DIVISOR 10
+ trail = timeptr->tm_year % DIVISOR + TM_YEAR_BASE % DIVISOR;
+ lead = timeptr->tm_year / DIVISOR + TM_YEAR_BASE / DIVISOR +
+ trail / DIVISOR;
+ trail %= DIVISOR;
+ if (trail < 0 && lead > 0) {
+ trail += DIVISOR;
+ --lead;
+ } else if (lead < 0 && trail > 0) {
+ trail -= DIVISOR;
+ ++lead;
+ }
+ if (lead == 0)
+ (void) printf("%d", trail);
+ else (void) printf("%d%d", lead, ((trail < 0) ? -trail : trail));
+}
--- /dev/null
+.TH ZIC 8
+.SH NAME
+zic \- time zone compiler
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B zic
+[
+.B \-\-version
+]
+[
+.B \-v
+] [
+.B \-d
+.I directory
+] [
+.B \-l
+.I localtime
+] [
+.B \-p
+.I posixrules
+] [
+.B \-L
+.I leapsecondfilename
+] [
+.B \-s
+] [
+.B \-y
+.I command
+] [
+.I filename
+\&... ]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.if t .ds lq ``
+.if t .ds rq ''
+.if n .ds lq \&"\"
+.if n .ds rq \&"\"
+.de q
+\\$3\*(lq\\$1\*(rq\\$2
+..
+.I Zic
+reads text from the file(s) named on the command line
+and creates the time conversion information files specified in this input.
+If a
+.I filename
+is
+.BR \- ,
+the standard input is read.
+.PP
+These options are available:
+.TP
+.BI "\-\-version"
+Output version information and exit.
+.TP
+.BI "\-d " directory
+Create time conversion information files in the named directory rather than
+in the standard directory named below.
+.TP
+.BI "\-l " timezone
+Use the given time zone as local time.
+.I Zic
+will act as if the input contained a link line of the form
+.sp
+.ti +.5i
+Link \fItimezone\fP localtime
+.TP
+.BI "\-p " timezone
+Use the given time zone's rules when handling POSIX-format
+time zone environment variables.
+.I Zic
+will act as if the input contained a link line of the form
+.sp
+.ti +.5i
+Link \fItimezone\fP posixrules
+.TP
+.BI "\-L " leapsecondfilename
+Read leap second information from the file with the given name.
+If this option is not used,
+no leap second information appears in output files.
+.TP
+.B \-v
+Complain if a year that appears in a data file is outside the range
+of years representable by
+.IR time (2)
+values.
+Also complain if a time of 24:00
+(which cannot be handled by pre-1998 versions of
+.IR zic )
+appears in the input.
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Limit time values stored in output files to values that are the same
+whether they're taken to be signed or unsigned.
+You can use this option to generate SVVS-compatible files.
+.TP
+.BI "\-y " command
+Use the given
+.I command
+rather than
+.B yearistype
+when checking year types (see below).
+.PP
+Input lines are made up of fields.
+Fields are separated from one another by any number of white space characters.
+Leading and trailing white space on input lines is ignored.
+An unquoted sharp character (#) in the input introduces a comment which extends
+to the end of the line the sharp character appears on.
+White space characters and sharp characters may be enclosed in double quotes
+(") if they're to be used as part of a field.
+Any line that is blank (after comment stripping) is ignored.
+Non-blank lines are expected to be of one of three types:
+rule lines, zone lines, and link lines.
+.PP
+A rule line has the form
+.nf
+.ti +.5i
+.ta \w'Rule\0\0'u +\w'NAME\0\0'u +\w'FROM\0\0'u +\w'1973\0\0'u +\w'TYPE\0\0'u +\w'Apr\0\0'u +\w'lastSun\0\0'u +\w'2:00\0\0'u +\w'SAVE\0\0'u
+.sp
+Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+.sp
+For example:
+.ti +.5i
+.sp
+Rule US 1967 1973 \- Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+.sp
+.fi
+The fields that make up a rule line are:
+.TP "\w'LETTER/S'u"
+.B NAME
+Gives the (arbitrary) name of the set of rules this rule is part of.
+.TP
+.B FROM
+Gives the first year in which the rule applies.
+Any integer year can be supplied; the Gregorian calendar is assumed.
+The word
+.B minimum
+(or an abbreviation) means the minimum year representable as an integer.
+The word
+.B maximum
+(or an abbreviation) means the maximum year representable as an integer.
+Rules can describe times that are not representable as time values,
+with the unrepresentable times ignored; this allows rules to be portable
+among hosts with differing time value types.
+.TP
+.B TO
+Gives the final year in which the rule applies.
+In addition to
+.B minimum
+and
+.B maximum
+(as above),
+the word
+.B only
+(or an abbreviation)
+may be used to repeat the value of the
+.B FROM
+field.
+.TP
+.B TYPE
+Gives the type of year in which the rule applies.
+If
+.B TYPE
+is
+.B \-
+then the rule applies in all years between
+.B FROM
+and
+.B TO
+inclusive.
+If
+.B TYPE
+is something else, then
+.I zic
+executes the command
+.ti +.5i
+\fByearistype\fP \fIyear\fP \fItype\fP
+.br
+to check the type of a year:
+an exit status of zero is taken to mean that the year is of the given type;
+an exit status of one is taken to mean that the year is not of the given type.
+.TP
+.B IN
+Names the month in which the rule takes effect.
+Month names may be abbreviated.
+.TP
+.B ON
+Gives the day on which the rule takes effect.
+Recognized forms include:
+.nf
+.in +.5i
+.sp
+.ta \w'Sun<=25\0\0'u
+5 the fifth of the month
+lastSun the last Sunday in the month
+lastMon the last Monday in the month
+Sun>=8 first Sunday on or after the eighth
+Sun<=25 last Sunday on or before the 25th
+.fi
+.in -.5i
+.sp
+Names of days of the week may be abbreviated or spelled out in full.
+Note that there must be no spaces within the
+.B ON
+field.
+.TP
+.B AT
+Gives the time of day at which the rule takes effect.
+Recognized forms include:
+.nf
+.in +.5i
+.sp
+.ta \w'1:28:13\0\0'u
+2 time in hours
+2:00 time in hours and minutes
+15:00 24-hour format time (for times after noon)
+1:28:14 time in hours, minutes, and seconds
+\- equivalent to 0
+.fi
+.in -.5i
+.sp
+where hour 0 is midnight at the start of the day,
+and hour 24 is midnight at the end of the day.
+Any of these forms may be followed by the letter
+.B w
+if the given time is local
+.q "wall clock"
+time,
+.B s
+if the given time is local
+.q standard
+time, or
+.B u
+(or
+.B g
+or
+.BR z )
+if the given time is universal time;
+in the absence of an indicator,
+wall clock time is assumed.
+.TP
+.B SAVE
+Gives the amount of time to be added to local standard time when the rule is in
+effect.
+This field has the same format as the
+.B AT
+field
+(although, of course, the
+.B w
+and
+.B s
+suffixes are not used).
+.TP
+.B LETTER/S
+Gives the
+.q "variable part"
+(for example, the
+.q S
+or
+.q D
+in
+.q EST
+or
+.q EDT )
+of time zone abbreviations to be used when this rule is in effect.
+If this field is
+.BR \- ,
+the variable part is null.
+.PP
+A zone line has the form
+.sp
+.nf
+.ti +.5i
+.ta \w'Zone\0\0'u +\w'Australia/Adelaide\0\0'u +\w'GMTOFF\0\0'u +\w'RULES/SAVE\0\0'u +\w'FORMAT\0\0'u
+Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+.sp
+For example:
+.sp
+.ti +.5i
+Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct 31 2:00
+.sp
+.fi
+The fields that make up a zone line are:
+.TP "\w'GMTOFF'u"
+.B NAME
+The name of the time zone.
+This is the name used in creating the time conversion information file for the
+zone.
+.TP
+.B GMTOFF
+The amount of time to add to UTC to get standard time in this zone.
+This field has the same format as the
+.B AT
+and
+.B SAVE
+fields of rule lines;
+begin the field with a minus sign if time must be subtracted from UTC.
+.TP
+.B RULES/SAVE
+The name of the rule(s) that apply in the time zone or,
+alternately, an amount of time to add to local standard time.
+If this field is
+.B \-
+then standard time always applies in the time zone.
+.TP
+.B FORMAT
+The format for time zone abbreviations in this time zone.
+The pair of characters
+.B %s
+is used to show where the
+.q "variable part"
+of the time zone abbreviation goes.
+Alternately,
+a slash (/)
+separates standard and daylight abbreviations.
+.TP
+.B UNTIL
+The time at which the UTC offset or the rule(s) change for a location.
+It is specified as a year, a month, a day, and a time of day.
+If this is specified,
+the time zone information is generated from the given UTC offset
+and rule change until the time specified.
+The month, day, and time of day have the same format as the IN, ON, and AT
+columns of a rule; trailing columns can be omitted, and default to the
+earliest possible value for the missing columns.
+.IP
+The next line must be a
+.q continuation
+line; this has the same form as a zone line except that the
+string
+.q Zone
+and the name are omitted, as the continuation line will
+place information starting at the time specified as the
+.B UNTIL
+field in the previous line in the file used by the previous line.
+Continuation lines may contain an
+.B UNTIL
+field, just as zone lines do, indicating that the next line is a further
+continuation.
+.PP
+A link line has the form
+.sp
+.nf
+.ti +.5i
+.ta \w'Link\0\0'u +\w'Europe/Istanbul\0\0'u
+Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO
+.sp
+For example:
+.sp
+.ti +.5i
+Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul
+.sp
+.fi
+The
+.B LINK-FROM
+field should appear as the
+.B NAME
+field in some zone line;
+the
+.B LINK-TO
+field is used as an alternate name for that zone.
+.PP
+Except for continuation lines,
+lines may appear in any order in the input.
+.PP
+Lines in the file that describes leap seconds have the following form:
+.nf
+.ti +.5i
+.ta \w'Leap\0\0'u +\w'YEAR\0\0'u +\w'MONTH\0\0'u +\w'DAY\0\0'u +\w'HH:MM:SS\0\0'u +\w'CORR\0\0'u
+.sp
+Leap YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS CORR R/S
+.sp
+For example:
+.ti +.5i
+.sp
+Leap 1974 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+.sp
+.fi
+The
+.BR YEAR ,
+.BR MONTH ,
+.BR DAY ,
+and
+.B HH:MM:SS
+fields tell when the leap second happened.
+The
+.B CORR
+field
+should be
+.q +
+if a second was added
+or
+.q -
+if a second was skipped.
+.\" There's no need to document the following, since it's impossible for more
+.\" than one leap second to be inserted or deleted at a time.
+.\" The C Standard is in error in suggesting the possibility.
+.\" See Terry J Quinn, The BIPM and the accurate measure of time,
+.\" Proc IEEE 79, 7 (July 1991), 894-905.
+.\" or
+.\" .q ++
+.\" if two seconds were added
+.\" or
+.\" .q --
+.\" if two seconds were skipped.
+The
+.B R/S
+field
+should be (an abbreviation of)
+.q Stationary
+if the leap second time given by the other fields should be interpreted as UTC
+or
+(an abbreviation of)
+.q Rolling
+if the leap second time given by the other fields should be interpreted as
+local wall clock time.
+.SH NOTES
+For areas with more than two types of local time,
+you may need to use local standard time in the
+.B AT
+field of the earliest transition time's rule to ensure that
+the earliest transition time recorded in the compiled file is correct.
+.PP
+If,
+for a particular zone,
+a clock advance caused by the start of daylight saving
+coincides with and is equal to
+a clock retreat caused by a change in UTC offset,
+.IR zic
+produces a single transition to daylight saving at the new UTC offset
+(without any change in wall clock time).
+To get separate transitions
+use multiple zone continuation lines
+specifying transition instants using universal time.
+.SH FILE
+/usr/local/etc/zoneinfo standard directory used for created files
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+newctime(3), tzfile(5), zdump(8)
+.\" @(#)zic.8 7.24
--- /dev/null
+NAME
+
+ zic - time zone compiler
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ zic [ --version ] [ -v ] [ -d directory ] [ -l localtime ] [
+ -p posixrules ] [ -L leapsecondfilename ] [ -s ] [ -y
+ command ] [ filename ... ]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ Zic reads text from the file(s) named on the command line
+ and creates the time conversion information files specified
+ in this input. If a filename is -, the standard input is
+ read.
+
+ These options are available:
+
+ --version
+ Output version information and exit.
+
+ -d directory
+ Create time conversion information files in the named
+ directory rather than in the standard directory named
+ below.
+
+ -l timezone
+ Use the given time zone as local time. Zic will act as
+ if the input contained a link line of the form
+
+ Link timezone localtime
+
+ -p timezone
+ Use the given time zone's rules when handling POSIX-
+ format time zone environment variables. Zic will act
+ as if the input contained a link line of the form
+
+ Link timezone posixrules
+
+ -L leapsecondfilename
+ Read leap second information from the file with the
+ given name. If this option is not used, no leap second
+ information appears in output files.
+
+ -v Complain if a year that appears in a data file is
+ outside the range of years representable by time(2)
+ values. Also complain if a time of 24:00 (which cannot
+ be handled by pre-1998 versions of zic) appears in the
+ input.
+
+ -s Limit time values stored in output files to values that
+ are the same whether they're taken to be signed or
+ unsigned. You can use this option to generate SVVS-
+ compatible files.
+
+ -y command
+ Use the given command rather than yearistype when
+ checking year types (see below).
+
+ Input lines are made up of fields. Fields are separated
+ from one another by any number of white space characters.
+ Leading and trailing white space on input lines is ignored.
+ An unquoted sharp character (#) in the input introduces a
+ comment which extends to the end of the line the sharp
+ character appears on. White space characters and sharp
+ characters may be enclosed in double quotes (") if they're
+ to be used as part of a field. Any line that is blank
+ (after comment stripping) is ignored. Non-blank lines are
+ expected to be of one of three types: rule lines, zone
+ lines, and link lines.
+
+ A rule line has the form
+
+ Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+
+ For example:
+
+ Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
+
+ The fields that make up a rule line are:
+
+ NAME Gives the (arbitrary) name of the set of rules this
+ rule is part of.
+
+ FROM Gives the first year in which the rule applies. Any
+ integer year can be supplied; the Gregorian calendar
+ is assumed. The word minimum (or an abbreviation)
+ means the minimum year representable as an integer.
+ The word maximum (or an abbreviation) means the
+ maximum year representable as an integer. Rules can
+ describe times that are not representable as time
+ values, with the unrepresentable times ignored; this
+ allows rules to be portable among hosts with
+ differing time value types.
+
+ TO Gives the final year in which the rule applies. In
+ addition to minimum and maximum (as above), the word
+ only (or an abbreviation) may be used to repeat the
+ value of the FROM field.
+
+ TYPE Gives the type of year in which the rule applies.
+ If TYPE is - then the rule applies in all years
+ between FROM and TO inclusive. If TYPE is something
+ else, then zic executes the command
+ yearistype year type
+ to check the type of a year: an exit status of zero
+ is taken to mean that the year is of the given type;
+ an exit status of one is taken to mean that the year
+ is not of the given type.
+
+ IN Names the month in which the rule takes effect.
+ Month names may be abbreviated.
+
+ ON Gives the day on which the rule takes effect.
+ Recognized forms include:
+
+ 5 the fifth of the month
+ lastSun the last Sunday in the month
+ lastMon the last Monday in the month
+ Sun>=8 first Sunday on or after the eighth
+ Sun<=25 last Sunday on or before the 25th
+
+ Names of days of the week may be abbreviated or
+ spelled out in full. Note that there must be no
+ spaces within the ON field.
+
+ AT Gives the time of day at which the rule takes
+ effect. Recognized forms include:
+
+ 2 time in hours
+ 2:00 time in hours and minutes
+ 15:00 24-hour format time (for times after noon)
+ 1:28:14 time in hours, minutes, and seconds
+ - equivalent to 0
+
+ where hour 0 is midnight at the start of the day,
+ and hour 24 is midnight at the end of the day. Any
+ of these forms may be followed by the letter w if
+ the given time is local "wall clock" time, s if the
+ given time is local "standard" time, or u (or g or
+ z) if the given time is universal time; in the
+ absence of an indicator, wall clock time is assumed.
+
+ SAVE Gives the amount of time to be added to local
+ standard time when the rule is in effect. This
+ field has the same format as the AT field (although,
+ of course, the w and s suffixes are not used).
+
+ LETTER/S
+ Gives the "variable part" (for example, the "S" or
+ "D" in "EST" or "EDT") of time zone abbreviations to
+ be used when this rule is in effect. If this field
+ is -, the variable part is null.
+
+ A zone line has the form
+
+ Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
+
+ For example:
+
+ Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct 31 2:00
+
+ The fields that make up a zone line are:
+
+ NAME The name of the time zone. This is the name used in
+ creating the time conversion information file for the
+ zone.
+
+ GMTOFF
+ The amount of time to add to UTC to get standard time
+ in this zone. This field has the same format as the
+ AT and SAVE fields of rule lines; begin the field with
+ a minus sign if time must be subtracted from UTC.
+
+ RULES/SAVE
+ The name of the rule(s) that apply in the time zone
+ or, alternately, an amount of time to add to local
+ standard time. If this field is - then standard time
+ always applies in the time zone.
+
+ FORMAT
+ The format for time zone abbreviations in this time
+ zone. The pair of characters %s is used to show where
+ the "variable part" of the time zone abbreviation
+ goes. Alternately, a slash (/) separates standard and
+ daylight abbreviations.
+
+ UNTIL The time at which the UTC offset or the rule(s) change
+ for a location. It is specified as a year, a month, a
+ day, and a time of day. If this is specified, the
+ time zone information is generated from the given UTC
+ offset and rule change until the time specified. The
+ month, day, and time of day have the same format as
+ the IN, ON, and AT columns of a rule; trailing columns
+ can be omitted, and default to the earliest possible
+ value for the missing columns.
+
+ The next line must be a "continuation" line; this has
+ the same form as a zone line except that the string
+ "Zone" and the name are omitted, as the continuation
+ line will place information starting at the time
+ specified as the UNTIL field in the previous line in
+ the file used by the previous line. Continuation
+ lines may contain an UNTIL field, just as zone lines
+ do, indicating that the next line is a further
+ continuation.
+
+ A link line has the form
+
+ Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO
+
+ For example:
+
+ Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul
+
+ The LINK-FROM field should appear as the NAME field in some
+ zone line; the LINK-TO field is used as an alternate name
+ for that zone.
+
+ Except for continuation lines, lines may appear in any order
+ in the input.
+
+ Lines in the file that describes leap seconds have the
+ following form:
+
+ Leap YEAR MONTH DAY HH:MM:SS CORR R/S
+
+ For example:
+
+ Leap 1974 Dec 31 23:59:60 + S
+
+ The YEAR, MONTH, DAY, and HH:MM:SS fields tell when the leap
+ second happened. The CORR field should be "+" if a second
+ was added or "-" if a second was skipped. The R/S field
+ should be (an abbreviation of) "Stationary" if the leap
+ second time given by the other fields should be interpreted
+ as UTC or (an abbreviation of) "Rolling" if the leap second
+ time given by the other fields should be interpreted as
+ local wall clock time.
+
+NOTES
+ For areas with more than two types of local time, you may
+ need to use local standard time in the AT field of the
+ earliest transition time's rule to ensure that the earliest
+ transition time recorded in the compiled file is correct.
+
+ If, for a particular zone, a clock advance caused by the
+ start of daylight saving coincides with and is equal to a
+ clock retreat caused by a change in UTC offset, zic produces
+ a single transition to daylight saving at the new UTC offset
+ (without any change in wall clock time). To get separate
+ transitions use multiple zone continuation lines specifying
+ transition instants using universal time.
+
+FILE
+ /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo standard directory used for created
+ files
+
+SEE ALSO
+ newctime(3), tzfile(5), zdump(8)
--- /dev/null
+static char elsieid[] = "@(#)zic.c 7.128";
+
+/*
+** Regardless of the type of time_t, we do our work using this type.
+*/
+
+typedef int zic_t;
+
+#include "private.h"
+#include "locale.h"
+#include "tzfile.h"
+
+#ifndef ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN
+#define ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN 6
+#endif /* !defined ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN */
+
+#if HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
+#include "sys/stat.h"
+#endif
+#ifdef S_IRUSR
+#define MKDIR_UMASK (S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH)
+#else
+#define MKDIR_UMASK 0755
+#endif
+
+/*
+** On some ancient hosts, predicates like `isspace(C)' are defined
+** only if isascii(C) || C == EOF. Modern hosts obey the C Standard,
+** which says they are defined only if C == ((unsigned char) C) || C == EOF.
+** Neither the C Standard nor Posix require that `isascii' exist.
+** For portability, we check both ancient and modern requirements.
+** If isascii is not defined, the isascii check succeeds trivially.
+*/
+#include "ctype.h"
+#ifndef isascii
+#define isascii(x) 1
+#endif
+
+struct rule {
+ const char * r_filename;
+ int r_linenum;
+ const char * r_name;
+
+ int r_loyear; /* for example, 1986 */
+ int r_hiyear; /* for example, 1986 */
+ const char * r_yrtype;
+
+ int r_month; /* 0..11 */
+
+ int r_dycode; /* see below */
+ int r_dayofmonth;
+ int r_wday;
+
+ long r_tod; /* time from midnight */
+ int r_todisstd; /* above is standard time if TRUE */
+ /* or wall clock time if FALSE */
+ int r_todisgmt; /* above is GMT if TRUE */
+ /* or local time if FALSE */
+ long r_stdoff; /* offset from standard time */
+ const char * r_abbrvar; /* variable part of abbreviation */
+
+ int r_todo; /* a rule to do (used in outzone) */
+ zic_t r_temp; /* used in outzone */
+};
+
+/*
+** r_dycode r_dayofmonth r_wday
+*/
+
+#define DC_DOM 0 /* 1..31 */ /* unused */
+#define DC_DOWGEQ 1 /* 1..31 */ /* 0..6 (Sun..Sat) */
+#define DC_DOWLEQ 2 /* 1..31 */ /* 0..6 (Sun..Sat) */
+
+struct zone {
+ const char * z_filename;
+ int z_linenum;
+
+ const char * z_name;
+ long z_gmtoff;
+ const char * z_rule;
+ const char * z_format;
+
+ long z_stdoff;
+
+ struct rule * z_rules;
+ int z_nrules;
+
+ struct rule z_untilrule;
+ zic_t z_untiltime;
+};
+
+extern int getopt P((int argc, char * const argv[],
+ const char * options));
+extern int link P((const char * fromname, const char * toname));
+extern char * optarg;
+extern int optind;
+
+static void addtt P((zic_t starttime, int type));
+static int addtype P((long gmtoff, const char * abbr, int isdst,
+ int ttisstd, int ttisgmt));
+static void leapadd P((zic_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count));
+static void adjleap P((void));
+static void associate P((void));
+static int ciequal P((const char * ap, const char * bp));
+static void convert P((long val, char * buf));
+static void dolink P((const char * fromfile, const char * tofile));
+static void doabbr P((char * abbr, const char * format,
+ const char * letters, int isdst));
+static void eat P((const char * name, int num));
+static void eats P((const char * name, int num,
+ const char * rname, int rnum));
+static long eitol P((int i));
+static void error P((const char * message));
+static char ** getfields P((char * buf));
+static long gethms P((const char * string, const char * errstrng,
+ int signable));
+static void infile P((const char * filename));
+static void inleap P((char ** fields, int nfields));
+static void inlink P((char ** fields, int nfields));
+static void inrule P((char ** fields, int nfields));
+static int inzcont P((char ** fields, int nfields));
+static int inzone P((char ** fields, int nfields));
+static int inzsub P((char ** fields, int nfields, int iscont));
+static int itsabbr P((const char * abbr, const char * word));
+static int itsdir P((const char * name));
+static int lowerit P((int c));
+static char * memcheck P((char * tocheck));
+static int mkdirs P((char * filename));
+static void newabbr P((const char * abbr));
+static long oadd P((long t1, long t2));
+static void outzone P((const struct zone * zp, int ntzones));
+static void puttzcode P((long code, FILE * fp));
+static int rcomp P((const void * leftp, const void * rightp));
+static zic_t rpytime P((const struct rule * rp, int wantedy));
+static void rulesub P((struct rule * rp,
+ const char * loyearp, const char * hiyearp,
+ const char * typep, const char * monthp,
+ const char * dayp, const char * timep));
+static void setboundaries P((void));
+static zic_t tadd P((zic_t t1, long t2));
+static void usage P((void));
+static void writezone P((const char * name));
+static int yearistype P((int year, const char * type));
+
+#if !HAVE_STRERROR
+static char * strerror P((int));
+#endif /* !HAVE_STRERROR */
+
+static int charcnt;
+static int errors;
+static const char * filename;
+static int leapcnt;
+static int linenum;
+static zic_t max_time;
+static int max_year;
+static int max_year_representable;
+static zic_t min_time;
+static int min_year;
+static int min_year_representable;
+static int noise;
+static const char * rfilename;
+static int rlinenum;
+static const char * progname;
+static int timecnt;
+static int typecnt;
+
+/*
+** Line codes.
+*/
+
+#define LC_RULE 0
+#define LC_ZONE 1
+#define LC_LINK 2
+#define LC_LEAP 3
+
+/*
+** Which fields are which on a Zone line.
+*/
+
+#define ZF_NAME 1
+#define ZF_GMTOFF 2
+#define ZF_RULE 3
+#define ZF_FORMAT 4
+#define ZF_TILYEAR 5
+#define ZF_TILMONTH 6
+#define ZF_TILDAY 7
+#define ZF_TILTIME 8
+#define ZONE_MINFIELDS 5
+#define ZONE_MAXFIELDS 9
+
+/*
+** Which fields are which on a Zone continuation line.
+*/
+
+#define ZFC_GMTOFF 0
+#define ZFC_RULE 1
+#define ZFC_FORMAT 2
+#define ZFC_TILYEAR 3
+#define ZFC_TILMONTH 4
+#define ZFC_TILDAY 5
+#define ZFC_TILTIME 6
+#define ZONEC_MINFIELDS 3
+#define ZONEC_MAXFIELDS 7
+
+/*
+** Which files are which on a Rule line.
+*/
+
+#define RF_NAME 1
+#define RF_LOYEAR 2
+#define RF_HIYEAR 3
+#define RF_COMMAND 4
+#define RF_MONTH 5
+#define RF_DAY 6
+#define RF_TOD 7
+#define RF_STDOFF 8
+#define RF_ABBRVAR 9
+#define RULE_FIELDS 10
+
+/*
+** Which fields are which on a Link line.
+*/
+
+#define LF_FROM 1
+#define LF_TO 2
+#define LINK_FIELDS 3
+
+/*
+** Which fields are which on a Leap line.
+*/
+
+#define LP_YEAR 1
+#define LP_MONTH 2
+#define LP_DAY 3
+#define LP_TIME 4
+#define LP_CORR 5
+#define LP_ROLL 6
+#define LEAP_FIELDS 7
+
+/*
+** Year synonyms.
+*/
+
+#define YR_MINIMUM 0
+#define YR_MAXIMUM 1
+#define YR_ONLY 2
+
+static struct rule * rules;
+static int nrules; /* number of rules */
+
+static struct zone * zones;
+static int nzones; /* number of zones */
+
+struct link {
+ const char * l_filename;
+ int l_linenum;
+ const char * l_from;
+ const char * l_to;
+};
+
+static struct link * links;
+static int nlinks;
+
+struct lookup {
+ const char * l_word;
+ const int l_value;
+};
+
+static struct lookup const * byword P((const char * string,
+ const struct lookup * lp));
+
+static struct lookup const line_codes[] = {
+ { "Rule", LC_RULE },
+ { "Zone", LC_ZONE },
+ { "Link", LC_LINK },
+ { "Leap", LC_LEAP },
+ { NULL, 0}
+};
+
+static struct lookup const mon_names[] = {
+ { "January", TM_JANUARY },
+ { "February", TM_FEBRUARY },
+ { "March", TM_MARCH },
+ { "April", TM_APRIL },
+ { "May", TM_MAY },
+ { "June", TM_JUNE },
+ { "July", TM_JULY },
+ { "August", TM_AUGUST },
+ { "September", TM_SEPTEMBER },
+ { "October", TM_OCTOBER },
+ { "November", TM_NOVEMBER },
+ { "December", TM_DECEMBER },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct lookup const wday_names[] = {
+ { "Sunday", TM_SUNDAY },
+ { "Monday", TM_MONDAY },
+ { "Tuesday", TM_TUESDAY },
+ { "Wednesday", TM_WEDNESDAY },
+ { "Thursday", TM_THURSDAY },
+ { "Friday", TM_FRIDAY },
+ { "Saturday", TM_SATURDAY },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct lookup const lasts[] = {
+ { "last-Sunday", TM_SUNDAY },
+ { "last-Monday", TM_MONDAY },
+ { "last-Tuesday", TM_TUESDAY },
+ { "last-Wednesday", TM_WEDNESDAY },
+ { "last-Thursday", TM_THURSDAY },
+ { "last-Friday", TM_FRIDAY },
+ { "last-Saturday", TM_SATURDAY },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct lookup const begin_years[] = {
+ { "minimum", YR_MINIMUM },
+ { "maximum", YR_MAXIMUM },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct lookup const end_years[] = {
+ { "minimum", YR_MINIMUM },
+ { "maximum", YR_MAXIMUM },
+ { "only", YR_ONLY },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static struct lookup const leap_types[] = {
+ { "Rolling", TRUE },
+ { "Stationary", FALSE },
+ { NULL, 0 }
+};
+
+static const int len_months[2][MONSPERYEAR] = {
+ { 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 },
+ { 31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 }
+};
+
+static const int len_years[2] = {
+ DAYSPERNYEAR, DAYSPERLYEAR
+};
+
+static struct attype {
+ zic_t at;
+ unsigned char type;
+} attypes[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+static long gmtoffs[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+static char isdsts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+static unsigned char abbrinds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+static char ttisstds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+static char ttisgmts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
+static char chars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
+static zic_t trans[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
+static long corr[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
+static char roll[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
+
+/*
+** Memory allocation.
+*/
+
+static char *
+memcheck(ptr)
+char * const ptr;
+{
+ if (ptr == NULL) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Memory exhausted: %s\n"),
+ progname, e);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+#define emalloc(size) memcheck(imalloc(size))
+#define erealloc(ptr, size) memcheck(irealloc((ptr), (size)))
+#define ecpyalloc(ptr) memcheck(icpyalloc(ptr))
+#define ecatalloc(oldp, newp) memcheck(icatalloc((oldp), (newp)))
+
+/*
+** Error handling.
+*/
+
+#if !HAVE_STRERROR
+static char *
+strerror(errnum)
+int errnum;
+{
+ extern char * sys_errlist[];
+ extern int sys_nerr;
+
+ return (errnum > 0 && errnum <= sys_nerr) ?
+ sys_errlist[errnum] : _("Unknown system error");
+}
+#endif /* !HAVE_STRERROR */
+
+static void
+eats(name, num, rname, rnum)
+const char * const name;
+const int num;
+const char * const rname;
+const int rnum;
+{
+ filename = name;
+ linenum = num;
+ rfilename = rname;
+ rlinenum = rnum;
+}
+
+static void
+eat(name, num)
+const char * const name;
+const int num;
+{
+ eats(name, num, (char *) NULL, -1);
+}
+
+static void
+error(string)
+const char * const string;
+{
+ /*
+ ** Match the format of "cc" to allow sh users to
+ ** zic ... 2>&1 | error -t "*" -v
+ ** on BSD systems.
+ */
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("\"%s\", line %d: %s"),
+ filename, linenum, string);
+ if (rfilename != NULL)
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _(" (rule from \"%s\", line %d)"),
+ rfilename, rlinenum);
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+ ++errors;
+}
+
+static void
+warning(string)
+const char * const string;
+{
+ char * cp;
+
+ cp = ecpyalloc(_("warning: "));
+ cp = ecatalloc(cp, string);
+ error(cp);
+ ifree(cp);
+ --errors;
+}
+
+static void
+usage P((void))
+{
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: usage is %s \
+[ --version ] [ -s ] [ -v ] [ -l localtime ] [ -p posixrules ] \\\n\
+\t[ -d directory ] [ -L leapseconds ] [ -y yearistype ] [ filename ... ]\n"),
+ progname, progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static const char * psxrules;
+static const char * lcltime;
+static const char * directory;
+static const char * leapsec;
+static const char * yitcommand;
+static int sflag = FALSE;
+
+int
+main(argc, argv)
+int argc;
+char * argv[];
+{
+ register int i;
+ register int j;
+ register int c;
+
+#ifdef unix
+ (void) umask(umask(S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH) | (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH));
+#endif /* defined unix */
+#if HAVE_GETTEXT
+ (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+#ifdef TZ_DOMAINDIR
+ (void) bindtextdomain(TZ_DOMAIN, TZ_DOMAINDIR);
+#endif /* defined TEXTDOMAINDIR */
+ (void) textdomain(TZ_DOMAIN);
+#endif /* HAVE_GETTEXT */
+ progname = argv[0];
+ for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
+ if (strcmp(argv[i], "--version") == 0) {
+ (void) printf("%s\n", elsieid);
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ }
+ while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "d:l:p:L:vsy:")) != EOF && c != -1)
+ switch (c) {
+ default:
+ usage();
+ case 'd':
+ if (directory == NULL)
+ directory = optarg;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: More than one -d option specified\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'l':
+ if (lcltime == NULL)
+ lcltime = optarg;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: More than one -l option specified\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'p':
+ if (psxrules == NULL)
+ psxrules = optarg;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: More than one -p option specified\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'y':
+ if (yitcommand == NULL)
+ yitcommand = optarg;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: More than one -y option specified\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'L':
+ if (leapsec == NULL)
+ leapsec = optarg;
+ else {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: More than one -L option specified\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'v':
+ noise = TRUE;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ sflag = TRUE;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (optind == argc - 1 && strcmp(argv[optind], "=") == 0)
+ usage(); /* usage message by request */
+ if (directory == NULL)
+ directory = TZDIR;
+ if (yitcommand == NULL)
+ yitcommand = "yearistype";
+
+ setboundaries();
+
+ if (optind < argc && leapsec != NULL) {
+ infile(leapsec);
+ adjleap();
+ }
+
+ for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i)
+ infile(argv[i]);
+ if (errors)
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ associate();
+ for (i = 0; i < nzones; i = j) {
+ /*
+ ** Find the next non-continuation zone entry.
+ */
+ for (j = i + 1; j < nzones && zones[j].z_name == NULL; ++j)
+ continue;
+ outzone(&zones[i], j - i);
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Make links.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < nlinks; ++i) {
+ eat(links[i].l_filename, links[i].l_linenum);
+ dolink(links[i].l_from, links[i].l_to);
+ if (noise)
+ for (j = 0; j < nlinks; ++j)
+ if (strcmp(links[i].l_to,
+ links[j].l_from) == 0)
+ warning(_("link to link"));
+ }
+ if (lcltime != NULL) {
+ eat("command line", 1);
+ dolink(lcltime, TZDEFAULT);
+ }
+ if (psxrules != NULL) {
+ eat("command line", 1);
+ dolink(psxrules, TZDEFRULES);
+ }
+ return (errors == 0) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
+static void
+dolink(fromfile, tofile)
+const char * const fromfile;
+const char * const tofile;
+{
+ register char * fromname;
+ register char * toname;
+
+ if (fromfile[0] == '/')
+ fromname = ecpyalloc(fromfile);
+ else {
+ fromname = ecpyalloc(directory);
+ fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, "/");
+ fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, fromfile);
+ }
+ if (tofile[0] == '/')
+ toname = ecpyalloc(tofile);
+ else {
+ toname = ecpyalloc(directory);
+ toname = ecatalloc(toname, "/");
+ toname = ecatalloc(toname, tofile);
+ }
+ /*
+ ** We get to be careful here since
+ ** there's a fair chance of root running us.
+ */
+ if (!itsdir(toname))
+ (void) remove(toname);
+ if (link(fromname, toname) != 0) {
+ int result;
+
+ if (mkdirs(toname) != 0)
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+ result = link(fromname, toname);
+#if HAVE_SYMLINK
+ if (result != 0 &&
+ access(fromname, F_OK) == 0 &&
+ !itsdir(fromname)) {
+ const char *s = tofile;
+ register char * symlinkcontents = NULL;
+
+ while ((s = strchr(s+1, '/')) != NULL)
+ symlinkcontents =
+ ecatalloc(symlinkcontents,
+ "../");
+ symlinkcontents =
+ ecatalloc(symlinkcontents,
+ fromfile);
+ result = symlink(symlinkcontents,
+ toname);
+ if (result == 0)
+warning(_("hard link failed, symbolic link used"));
+ ifree(symlinkcontents);
+ }
+#endif /* HAVE_SYMLINK */
+ if (result != 0) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: Can't link from %s to %s: %s\n"),
+ progname, fromname, toname, e);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ ifree(fromname);
+ ifree(toname);
+}
+
+#ifndef INT_MAX
+#define INT_MAX ((int) (((unsigned)~0)>>1))
+#endif /* !defined INT_MAX */
+
+#ifndef INT_MIN
+#define INT_MIN ((int) ~(((unsigned)~0)>>1))
+#endif /* !defined INT_MIN */
+
+/*
+** The tz file format currently allows at most 32-bit quantities.
+** This restriction should be removed before signed 32-bit values
+** wrap around in 2038, but unfortunately this will require a
+** change to the tz file format.
+*/
+
+#define MAX_BITS_IN_FILE 32
+#define TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE ((TYPE_BIT(zic_t) < MAX_BITS_IN_FILE) ? \
+ TYPE_BIT(zic_t) : MAX_BITS_IN_FILE)
+
+static void
+setboundaries P((void))
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (TYPE_SIGNED(zic_t)) {
+ min_time = -1;
+ for (i = 0; i < TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1; ++i)
+ min_time *= 2;
+ max_time = -(min_time + 1);
+ if (sflag)
+ min_time = 0;
+ } else {
+ min_time = 0;
+ max_time = 2 - sflag;
+ for (i = 0; i < TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1; ++i)
+ max_time *= 2;
+ --max_time;
+ }
+ {
+ time_t t;
+
+ t = (time_t) min_time;
+ min_year = TM_YEAR_BASE + gmtime(&t)->tm_year;
+ t = (time_t) max_time;
+ max_year = TM_YEAR_BASE + gmtime(&t)->tm_year;
+ }
+ min_year_representable = min_year;
+ max_year_representable = max_year;
+}
+
+static int
+itsdir(name)
+const char * const name;
+{
+ register char * myname;
+ register int accres;
+
+ myname = ecpyalloc(name);
+ myname = ecatalloc(myname, "/.");
+ accres = access(myname, F_OK);
+ ifree(myname);
+ return accres == 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Associate sets of rules with zones.
+*/
+
+/*
+** Sort by rule name.
+*/
+
+static int
+rcomp(cp1, cp2)
+const void * cp1;
+const void * cp2;
+{
+ return strcmp(((const struct rule *) cp1)->r_name,
+ ((const struct rule *) cp2)->r_name);
+}
+
+static void
+associate P((void))
+{
+ register struct zone * zp;
+ register struct rule * rp;
+ register int base, out;
+ register int i, j;
+
+ if (nrules != 0) {
+ (void) qsort((void *) rules, (size_t) nrules,
+ (size_t) sizeof *rules, rcomp);
+ for (i = 0; i < nrules - 1; ++i) {
+ if (strcmp(rules[i].r_name,
+ rules[i + 1].r_name) != 0)
+ continue;
+ if (strcmp(rules[i].r_filename,
+ rules[i + 1].r_filename) == 0)
+ continue;
+ eat(rules[i].r_filename, rules[i].r_linenum);
+ warning(_("same rule name in multiple files"));
+ eat(rules[i + 1].r_filename, rules[i + 1].r_linenum);
+ warning(_("same rule name in multiple files"));
+ for (j = i + 2; j < nrules; ++j) {
+ if (strcmp(rules[i].r_name,
+ rules[j].r_name) != 0)
+ break;
+ if (strcmp(rules[i].r_filename,
+ rules[j].r_filename) == 0)
+ continue;
+ if (strcmp(rules[i + 1].r_filename,
+ rules[j].r_filename) == 0)
+ continue;
+ break;
+ }
+ i = j - 1;
+ }
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i) {
+ zp = &zones[i];
+ zp->z_rules = NULL;
+ zp->z_nrules = 0;
+ }
+ for (base = 0; base < nrules; base = out) {
+ rp = &rules[base];
+ for (out = base + 1; out < nrules; ++out)
+ if (strcmp(rp->r_name, rules[out].r_name) != 0)
+ break;
+ for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i) {
+ zp = &zones[i];
+ if (strcmp(zp->z_rule, rp->r_name) != 0)
+ continue;
+ zp->z_rules = rp;
+ zp->z_nrules = out - base;
+ }
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i) {
+ zp = &zones[i];
+ if (zp->z_nrules == 0) {
+ /*
+ ** Maybe we have a local standard time offset.
+ */
+ eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
+ zp->z_stdoff = gethms(zp->z_rule, _("unruly zone"),
+ TRUE);
+ /*
+ ** Note, though, that if there's no rule,
+ ** a '%s' in the format is a bad thing.
+ */
+ if (strchr(zp->z_format, '%') != 0)
+ error(_("%s in ruleless zone"));
+ }
+ }
+ if (errors)
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void
+infile(name)
+const char * name;
+{
+ register FILE * fp;
+ register char ** fields;
+ register char * cp;
+ register const struct lookup * lp;
+ register int nfields;
+ register int wantcont;
+ register int num;
+ char buf[BUFSIZ];
+
+ if (strcmp(name, "-") == 0) {
+ name = _("standard input");
+ fp = stdin;
+ } else if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can't open %s: %s\n"),
+ progname, name, e);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ wantcont = FALSE;
+ for (num = 1; ; ++num) {
+ eat(name, num);
+ if (fgets(buf, (int) sizeof buf, fp) != buf)
+ break;
+ cp = strchr(buf, '\n');
+ if (cp == NULL) {
+ error(_("line too long"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ *cp = '\0';
+ fields = getfields(buf);
+ nfields = 0;
+ while (fields[nfields] != NULL) {
+ static char nada;
+
+ if (strcmp(fields[nfields], "-") == 0)
+ fields[nfields] = &nada;
+ ++nfields;
+ }
+ if (nfields == 0) {
+ /* nothing to do */
+ } else if (wantcont) {
+ wantcont = inzcont(fields, nfields);
+ } else {
+ lp = byword(fields[0], line_codes);
+ if (lp == NULL)
+ error(_("input line of unknown type"));
+ else switch ((int) (lp->l_value)) {
+ case LC_RULE:
+ inrule(fields, nfields);
+ wantcont = FALSE;
+ break;
+ case LC_ZONE:
+ wantcont = inzone(fields, nfields);
+ break;
+ case LC_LINK:
+ inlink(fields, nfields);
+ wantcont = FALSE;
+ break;
+ case LC_LEAP:
+ if (name != leapsec)
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: Leap line in non leap seconds file %s\n"),
+ progname, name);
+ else inleap(fields, nfields);
+ wantcont = FALSE;
+ break;
+ default: /* "cannot happen" */
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
+ progname, lp->l_value);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ ifree((char *) fields);
+ }
+ if (ferror(fp)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error reading %s\n"),
+ progname, filename);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if (fp != stdin && fclose(fp)) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error closing %s: %s\n"),
+ progname, filename, e);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if (wantcont)
+ error(_("expected continuation line not found"));
+}
+
+/*
+** Convert a string of one of the forms
+** h -h hh:mm -hh:mm hh:mm:ss -hh:mm:ss
+** into a number of seconds.
+** A null string maps to zero.
+** Call error with errstring and return zero on errors.
+*/
+
+static long
+gethms(string, errstring, signable)
+const char * string;
+const char * const errstring;
+const int signable;
+{
+ int hh, mm, ss, sign;
+
+ if (string == NULL || *string == '\0')
+ return 0;
+ if (!signable)
+ sign = 1;
+ else if (*string == '-') {
+ sign = -1;
+ ++string;
+ } else sign = 1;
+ if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%d"), &hh) == 1)
+ mm = ss = 0;
+ else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%d:%d"), &hh, &mm) == 2)
+ ss = 0;
+ else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%d:%d:%d"),
+ &hh, &mm, &ss) != 3) {
+ error(errstring);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if ((hh < 0 || hh >= HOURSPERDAY ||
+ mm < 0 || mm >= MINSPERHOUR ||
+ ss < 0 || ss > SECSPERMIN) &&
+ !(hh == HOURSPERDAY && mm == 0 && ss == 0)) {
+ error(errstring);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (noise && hh == HOURSPERDAY)
+ warning(_("24:00 not handled by pre-1998 versions of zic"));
+ return eitol(sign) *
+ (eitol(hh * MINSPERHOUR + mm) *
+ eitol(SECSPERMIN) + eitol(ss));
+}
+
+static void
+inrule(fields, nfields)
+register char ** const fields;
+const int nfields;
+{
+ static struct rule r;
+
+ if (nfields != RULE_FIELDS) {
+ error(_("wrong number of fields on Rule line"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if (*fields[RF_NAME] == '\0') {
+ error(_("nameless rule"));
+ return;
+ }
+ r.r_filename = filename;
+ r.r_linenum = linenum;
+ r.r_stdoff = gethms(fields[RF_STDOFF], _("invalid saved time"), TRUE);
+ rulesub(&r, fields[RF_LOYEAR], fields[RF_HIYEAR], fields[RF_COMMAND],
+ fields[RF_MONTH], fields[RF_DAY], fields[RF_TOD]);
+ r.r_name = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_NAME]);
+ r.r_abbrvar = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_ABBRVAR]);
+ rules = (struct rule *) (void *) erealloc((char *) rules,
+ (int) ((nrules + 1) * sizeof *rules));
+ rules[nrules++] = r;
+}
+
+static int
+inzone(fields, nfields)
+register char ** const fields;
+const int nfields;
+{
+ register int i;
+ static char * buf;
+
+ if (nfields < ZONE_MINFIELDS || nfields > ZONE_MAXFIELDS) {
+ error(_("wrong number of fields on Zone line"));
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ if (strcmp(fields[ZF_NAME], TZDEFAULT) == 0 && lcltime != NULL) {
+ buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(TZDEFAULT)));
+ (void) sprintf(buf,
+_("\"Zone %s\" line and -l option are mutually exclusive"),
+ TZDEFAULT);
+ error(buf);
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ if (strcmp(fields[ZF_NAME], TZDEFRULES) == 0 && psxrules != NULL) {
+ buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(TZDEFRULES)));
+ (void) sprintf(buf,
+_("\"Zone %s\" line and -p option are mutually exclusive"),
+ TZDEFRULES);
+ error(buf);
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i)
+ if (zones[i].z_name != NULL &&
+ strcmp(zones[i].z_name, fields[ZF_NAME]) == 0) {
+ buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 +
+ strlen(fields[ZF_NAME]) +
+ strlen(zones[i].z_filename)));
+ (void) sprintf(buf,
+_("duplicate zone name %s (file \"%s\", line %d)"),
+ fields[ZF_NAME],
+ zones[i].z_filename,
+ zones[i].z_linenum);
+ error(buf);
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return inzsub(fields, nfields, FALSE);
+}
+
+static int
+inzcont(fields, nfields)
+register char ** const fields;
+const int nfields;
+{
+ if (nfields < ZONEC_MINFIELDS || nfields > ZONEC_MAXFIELDS) {
+ error(_("wrong number of fields on Zone continuation line"));
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return inzsub(fields, nfields, TRUE);
+}
+
+static int
+inzsub(fields, nfields, iscont)
+register char ** const fields;
+const int nfields;
+const int iscont;
+{
+ register char * cp;
+ static struct zone z;
+ register int i_gmtoff, i_rule, i_format;
+ register int i_untilyear, i_untilmonth;
+ register int i_untilday, i_untiltime;
+ register int hasuntil;
+
+ if (iscont) {
+ i_gmtoff = ZFC_GMTOFF;
+ i_rule = ZFC_RULE;
+ i_format = ZFC_FORMAT;
+ i_untilyear = ZFC_TILYEAR;
+ i_untilmonth = ZFC_TILMONTH;
+ i_untilday = ZFC_TILDAY;
+ i_untiltime = ZFC_TILTIME;
+ z.z_name = NULL;
+ } else {
+ i_gmtoff = ZF_GMTOFF;
+ i_rule = ZF_RULE;
+ i_format = ZF_FORMAT;
+ i_untilyear = ZF_TILYEAR;
+ i_untilmonth = ZF_TILMONTH;
+ i_untilday = ZF_TILDAY;
+ i_untiltime = ZF_TILTIME;
+ z.z_name = ecpyalloc(fields[ZF_NAME]);
+ }
+ z.z_filename = filename;
+ z.z_linenum = linenum;
+ z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], _("invalid UTC offset"), TRUE);
+ if ((cp = strchr(fields[i_format], '%')) != 0) {
+ if (*++cp != 's' || strchr(cp, '%') != 0) {
+ error(_("invalid abbreviation format"));
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ }
+ z.z_rule = ecpyalloc(fields[i_rule]);
+ z.z_format = ecpyalloc(fields[i_format]);
+ hasuntil = nfields > i_untilyear;
+ if (hasuntil) {
+ z.z_untilrule.r_filename = filename;
+ z.z_untilrule.r_linenum = linenum;
+ rulesub(&z.z_untilrule,
+ fields[i_untilyear],
+ "only",
+ "",
+ (nfields > i_untilmonth) ?
+ fields[i_untilmonth] : "Jan",
+ (nfields > i_untilday) ? fields[i_untilday] : "1",
+ (nfields > i_untiltime) ? fields[i_untiltime] : "0");
+ z.z_untiltime = rpytime(&z.z_untilrule,
+ z.z_untilrule.r_loyear);
+ if (iscont && nzones > 0 &&
+ z.z_untiltime > min_time &&
+ z.z_untiltime < max_time &&
+ zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime > min_time &&
+ zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime < max_time &&
+ zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime >= z.z_untiltime) {
+ error(_(
+"Zone continuation line end time is not after end time of previous line"
+ ));
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ }
+ zones = (struct zone *) (void *) erealloc((char *) zones,
+ (int) ((nzones + 1) * sizeof *zones));
+ zones[nzones++] = z;
+ /*
+ ** If there was an UNTIL field on this line,
+ ** there's more information about the zone on the next line.
+ */
+ return hasuntil;
+}
+
+static void
+inleap(fields, nfields)
+register char ** const fields;
+const int nfields;
+{
+ register const char * cp;
+ register const struct lookup * lp;
+ register int i, j;
+ int year, month, day;
+ long dayoff, tod;
+ zic_t t;
+
+ if (nfields != LEAP_FIELDS) {
+ error(_("wrong number of fields on Leap line"));
+ return;
+ }
+ dayoff = 0;
+ cp = fields[LP_YEAR];
+ if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &year) != 1) {
+ /*
+ ** Leapin' Lizards!
+ */
+ error(_("invalid leaping year"));
+ return;
+ }
+ j = EPOCH_YEAR;
+ while (j != year) {
+ if (year > j) {
+ i = len_years[isleap(j)];
+ ++j;
+ } else {
+ --j;
+ i = -len_years[isleap(j)];
+ }
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
+ }
+ if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_MONTH], mon_names)) == NULL) {
+ error(_("invalid month name"));
+ return;
+ }
+ month = lp->l_value;
+ j = TM_JANUARY;
+ while (j != month) {
+ i = len_months[isleap(year)][j];
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
+ ++j;
+ }
+ cp = fields[LP_DAY];
+ if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &day) != 1 ||
+ day <= 0 || day > len_months[isleap(year)][month]) {
+ error(_("invalid day of month"));
+ return;
+ }
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(day - 1));
+ if (dayoff < 0 && !TYPE_SIGNED(zic_t)) {
+ error(_("time before zero"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY) {
+ error(_("time too small"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY) {
+ error(_("time too large"));
+ return;
+ }
+ t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
+ tod = gethms(fields[LP_TIME], _("invalid time of day"), FALSE);
+ cp = fields[LP_CORR];
+ {
+ register int positive;
+ int count;
+
+ if (strcmp(cp, "") == 0) { /* infile() turns "-" into "" */
+ positive = FALSE;
+ count = 1;
+ } else if (strcmp(cp, "--") == 0) {
+ positive = FALSE;
+ count = 2;
+ } else if (strcmp(cp, "+") == 0) {
+ positive = TRUE;
+ count = 1;
+ } else if (strcmp(cp, "++") == 0) {
+ positive = TRUE;
+ count = 2;
+ } else {
+ error(_("illegal CORRECTION field on Leap line"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_ROLL], leap_types)) == NULL) {
+ error(_(
+ "illegal Rolling/Stationary field on Leap line"
+ ));
+ return;
+ }
+ leapadd(tadd(t, tod), positive, lp->l_value, count);
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+inlink(fields, nfields)
+register char ** const fields;
+const int nfields;
+{
+ struct link l;
+
+ if (nfields != LINK_FIELDS) {
+ error(_("wrong number of fields on Link line"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if (*fields[LF_FROM] == '\0') {
+ error(_("blank FROM field on Link line"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if (*fields[LF_TO] == '\0') {
+ error(_("blank TO field on Link line"));
+ return;
+ }
+ l.l_filename = filename;
+ l.l_linenum = linenum;
+ l.l_from = ecpyalloc(fields[LF_FROM]);
+ l.l_to = ecpyalloc(fields[LF_TO]);
+ links = (struct link *) (void *) erealloc((char *) links,
+ (int) ((nlinks + 1) * sizeof *links));
+ links[nlinks++] = l;
+}
+
+static void
+rulesub(rp, loyearp, hiyearp, typep, monthp, dayp, timep)
+register struct rule * const rp;
+const char * const loyearp;
+const char * const hiyearp;
+const char * const typep;
+const char * const monthp;
+const char * const dayp;
+const char * const timep;
+{
+ register const struct lookup * lp;
+ register const char * cp;
+ register char * dp;
+ register char * ep;
+
+ if ((lp = byword(monthp, mon_names)) == NULL) {
+ error(_("invalid month name"));
+ return;
+ }
+ rp->r_month = lp->l_value;
+ rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
+ rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
+ dp = ecpyalloc(timep);
+ if (*dp != '\0') {
+ ep = dp + strlen(dp) - 1;
+ switch (lowerit(*ep)) {
+ case 's': /* Standard */
+ rp->r_todisstd = TRUE;
+ rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
+ *ep = '\0';
+ break;
+ case 'w': /* Wall */
+ rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
+ rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
+ *ep = '\0';
+ break;
+ case 'g': /* Greenwich */
+ case 'u': /* Universal */
+ case 'z': /* Zulu */
+ rp->r_todisstd = TRUE;
+ rp->r_todisgmt = TRUE;
+ *ep = '\0';
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ rp->r_tod = gethms(dp, _("invalid time of day"), FALSE);
+ ifree(dp);
+ /*
+ ** Year work.
+ */
+ cp = loyearp;
+ lp = byword(cp, begin_years);
+ if (lp != NULL) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
+ case YR_MINIMUM:
+ rp->r_loyear = INT_MIN;
+ break;
+ case YR_MAXIMUM:
+ rp->r_loyear = INT_MAX;
+ break;
+ default: /* "cannot happen" */
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
+ progname, lp->l_value);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ } else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_loyear) != 1) {
+ error(_("invalid starting year"));
+ return;
+ } else if (noise) {
+ if (rp->r_loyear < min_year_representable)
+ warning(_("starting year too low to be represented"));
+ else if (rp->r_loyear > max_year_representable)
+ warning(_("starting year too high to be represented"));
+ }
+ cp = hiyearp;
+ if ((lp = byword(cp, end_years)) != NULL) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
+ case YR_MINIMUM:
+ rp->r_hiyear = INT_MIN;
+ break;
+ case YR_MAXIMUM:
+ rp->r_hiyear = INT_MAX;
+ break;
+ case YR_ONLY:
+ rp->r_hiyear = rp->r_loyear;
+ break;
+ default: /* "cannot happen" */
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: panic: Invalid l_value %d\n"),
+ progname, lp->l_value);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ } else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_hiyear) != 1) {
+ error(_("invalid ending year"));
+ return;
+ } else if (noise) {
+ if (rp->r_loyear < min_year_representable)
+ warning(_("ending year too low to be represented"));
+ else if (rp->r_loyear > max_year_representable)
+ warning(_("ending year too high to be represented"));
+ }
+ if (rp->r_loyear > rp->r_hiyear) {
+ error(_("starting year greater than ending year"));
+ return;
+ }
+ if (*typep == '\0')
+ rp->r_yrtype = NULL;
+ else {
+ if (rp->r_loyear == rp->r_hiyear) {
+ error(_("typed single year"));
+ return;
+ }
+ rp->r_yrtype = ecpyalloc(typep);
+ }
+ if (rp->r_loyear < min_year && rp->r_loyear > 0)
+ min_year = rp->r_loyear;
+ /*
+ ** Day work.
+ ** Accept things such as:
+ ** 1
+ ** last-Sunday
+ ** Sun<=20
+ ** Sun>=7
+ */
+ dp = ecpyalloc(dayp);
+ if ((lp = byword(dp, lasts)) != NULL) {
+ rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWLEQ;
+ rp->r_wday = lp->l_value;
+ rp->r_dayofmonth = len_months[1][rp->r_month];
+ } else {
+ if ((ep = strchr(dp, '<')) != 0)
+ rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWLEQ;
+ else if ((ep = strchr(dp, '>')) != 0)
+ rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWGEQ;
+ else {
+ ep = dp;
+ rp->r_dycode = DC_DOM;
+ }
+ if (rp->r_dycode != DC_DOM) {
+ *ep++ = 0;
+ if (*ep++ != '=') {
+ error(_("invalid day of month"));
+ ifree(dp);
+ return;
+ }
+ if ((lp = byword(dp, wday_names)) == NULL) {
+ error(_("invalid weekday name"));
+ ifree(dp);
+ return;
+ }
+ rp->r_wday = lp->l_value;
+ }
+ if (sscanf(ep, scheck(ep, "%d"), &rp->r_dayofmonth) != 1 ||
+ rp->r_dayofmonth <= 0 ||
+ (rp->r_dayofmonth > len_months[1][rp->r_month])) {
+ error(_("invalid day of month"));
+ ifree(dp);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ ifree(dp);
+}
+
+static void
+convert(val, buf)
+const long val;
+char * const buf;
+{
+ register int i;
+ register long shift;
+
+ for (i = 0, shift = 24; i < 4; ++i, shift -= 8)
+ buf[i] = val >> shift;
+}
+
+static void
+puttzcode(val, fp)
+const long val;
+FILE * const fp;
+{
+ char buf[4];
+
+ convert(val, buf);
+ (void) fwrite((void *) buf, (size_t) sizeof buf, (size_t) 1, fp);
+}
+
+static int
+atcomp(avp, bvp)
+void * avp;
+void * bvp;
+{
+ if (((struct attype *) avp)->at < ((struct attype *) bvp)->at)
+ return -1;
+ else if (((struct attype *) avp)->at > ((struct attype *) bvp)->at)
+ return 1;
+ else return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+writezone(name)
+const char * const name;
+{
+ register FILE * fp;
+ register int i, j;
+ static char * fullname;
+ static struct tzhead tzh;
+ zic_t ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+ unsigned char types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
+
+ /*
+ ** Sort.
+ */
+ if (timecnt > 1)
+ (void) qsort((void *) attypes, (size_t) timecnt,
+ (size_t) sizeof *attypes, atcomp);
+ /*
+ ** Optimize.
+ */
+ {
+ int fromi;
+ int toi;
+
+ toi = 0;
+ fromi = 0;
+ while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].at < min_time)
+ ++fromi;
+ if (isdsts[0] == 0)
+ while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].type == 0)
+ ++fromi; /* handled by default rule */
+ for ( ; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi) {
+ if (toi != 0 && ((attypes[fromi].at +
+ gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type]) <=
+ (attypes[toi - 1].at + gmtoffs[toi == 1 ? 0
+ : attypes[toi - 2].type]))) {
+ attypes[toi - 1].type =
+ attypes[fromi].type;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (toi == 0 ||
+ attypes[toi - 1].type != attypes[fromi].type)
+ attypes[toi++] = attypes[fromi];
+ }
+ timecnt = toi;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Transfer.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i) {
+ ats[i] = attypes[i].at;
+ types[i] = attypes[i].type;
+ }
+ fullname = erealloc(fullname,
+ (int) (strlen(directory) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1));
+ (void) sprintf(fullname, "%s/%s", directory, name);
+ /*
+ ** Remove old file, if any, to snap links.
+ */
+ if (!itsdir(fullname) && remove(fullname) != 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can't remove %s: %s\n"),
+ progname, fullname, e);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL) {
+ if (mkdirs(fullname) != 0)
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Can't create %s: %s\n"),
+ progname, fullname, e);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ convert(eitol(typecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
+ convert(eitol(typecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisstdcnt);
+ convert(eitol(leapcnt), tzh.tzh_leapcnt);
+ convert(eitol(timecnt), tzh.tzh_timecnt);
+ convert(eitol(typecnt), tzh.tzh_typecnt);
+ convert(eitol(charcnt), tzh.tzh_charcnt);
+ (void) strncpy(tzh.tzh_magic, TZ_MAGIC, sizeof tzh.tzh_magic);
+#define DO(field) (void) fwrite((void *) tzh.field, \
+ (size_t) sizeof tzh.field, (size_t) 1, fp)
+ DO(tzh_magic);
+ DO(tzh_reserved);
+ DO(tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
+ DO(tzh_ttisstdcnt);
+ DO(tzh_leapcnt);
+ DO(tzh_timecnt);
+ DO(tzh_typecnt);
+ DO(tzh_charcnt);
+#undef DO
+ for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i) {
+ j = leapcnt;
+ while (--j >= 0)
+ if (ats[i] >= trans[j]) {
+ ats[i] = tadd(ats[i], corr[j]);
+ break;
+ }
+ puttzcode((long) ats[i], fp);
+ }
+ if (timecnt > 0)
+ (void) fwrite((void *) types, (size_t) sizeof types[0],
+ (size_t) timecnt, fp);
+ for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i) {
+ puttzcode((long) gmtoffs[i], fp);
+ (void) putc(isdsts[i], fp);
+ (void) putc(abbrinds[i], fp);
+ }
+ if (charcnt != 0)
+ (void) fwrite((void *) chars, (size_t) sizeof chars[0],
+ (size_t) charcnt, fp);
+ for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i) {
+ if (roll[i]) {
+ if (timecnt == 0 || trans[i] < ats[0]) {
+ j = 0;
+ while (isdsts[j])
+ if (++j >= typecnt) {
+ j = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ } else {
+ j = 1;
+ while (j < timecnt && trans[i] >= ats[j])
+ ++j;
+ j = types[j - 1];
+ }
+ puttzcode((long) tadd(trans[i], -gmtoffs[j]), fp);
+ } else puttzcode((long) trans[i], fp);
+ puttzcode((long) corr[i], fp);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+ (void) putc(ttisstds[i], fp);
+ for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
+ (void) putc(ttisgmts[i], fp);
+ if (ferror(fp) || fclose(fp)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error writing %s\n"),
+ progname, fullname);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+doabbr(abbr, format, letters, isdst)
+char * const abbr;
+const char * const format;
+const char * const letters;
+const int isdst;
+{
+ if (strchr(format, '/') == NULL) {
+ if (letters == NULL)
+ (void) strcpy(abbr, format);
+ else (void) sprintf(abbr, format, letters);
+ } else if (isdst)
+ (void) strcpy(abbr, strchr(format, '/') + 1);
+ else {
+ (void) strcpy(abbr, format);
+ *strchr(abbr, '/') = '\0';
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+outzone(zpfirst, zonecount)
+const struct zone * const zpfirst;
+const int zonecount;
+{
+ register const struct zone * zp;
+ register struct rule * rp;
+ register int i, j;
+ register int usestart, useuntil;
+ register zic_t starttime, untiltime;
+ register long gmtoff;
+ register long stdoff;
+ register int year;
+ register long startoff;
+ register int startttisstd;
+ register int startttisgmt;
+ register int type;
+ char startbuf[BUFSIZ];
+
+ INITIALIZE(untiltime);
+ INITIALIZE(starttime);
+ /*
+ ** Now. . .finally. . .generate some useful data!
+ */
+ timecnt = 0;
+ typecnt = 0;
+ charcnt = 0;
+ /*
+ ** Thanks to Earl Chew
+ ** for noting the need to unconditionally initialize startttisstd.
+ */
+ startttisstd = FALSE;
+ startttisgmt = FALSE;
+ for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i) {
+ /*
+ ** A guess that may well be corrected later.
+ */
+ stdoff = 0;
+ zp = &zpfirst[i];
+ usestart = i > 0 && (zp - 1)->z_untiltime > min_time;
+ useuntil = i < (zonecount - 1);
+ if (useuntil && zp->z_untiltime <= min_time)
+ continue;
+ gmtoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
+ eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
+ *startbuf = '\0';
+ startoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
+ if (zp->z_nrules == 0) {
+ stdoff = zp->z_stdoff;
+ doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
+ (char *) NULL, stdoff != 0);
+ type = addtype(oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, stdoff),
+ startbuf, stdoff != 0, startttisstd,
+ startttisgmt);
+ if (usestart) {
+ addtt(starttime, type);
+ usestart = FALSE;
+ } else if (stdoff != 0)
+ addtt(min_time, type);
+ } else for (year = min_year; year <= max_year; ++year) {
+ if (useuntil && year > zp->z_untilrule.r_hiyear)
+ break;
+ /*
+ ** Mark which rules to do in the current year.
+ ** For those to do, calculate rpytime(rp, year);
+ */
+ for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j) {
+ rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
+ eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
+ rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
+ rp->r_todo = year >= rp->r_loyear &&
+ year <= rp->r_hiyear &&
+ yearistype(year, rp->r_yrtype);
+ if (rp->r_todo)
+ rp->r_temp = rpytime(rp, year);
+ }
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ register int k;
+ register zic_t jtime, ktime;
+ register long offset;
+ char buf[BUFSIZ];
+
+ INITIALIZE(ktime);
+ if (useuntil) {
+ /*
+ ** Turn untiltime into UTC
+ ** assuming the current gmtoff and
+ ** stdoff values.
+ */
+ untiltime = zp->z_untiltime;
+ if (!zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt)
+ untiltime = tadd(untiltime,
+ -gmtoff);
+ if (!zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd)
+ untiltime = tadd(untiltime,
+ -stdoff);
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Find the rule (of those to do, if any)
+ ** that takes effect earliest in the year.
+ */
+ k = -1;
+ for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j) {
+ rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
+ if (!rp->r_todo)
+ continue;
+ eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
+ rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
+ offset = rp->r_todisgmt ? 0 : gmtoff;
+ if (!rp->r_todisstd)
+ offset = oadd(offset, stdoff);
+ jtime = rp->r_temp;
+ if (jtime == min_time ||
+ jtime == max_time)
+ continue;
+ jtime = tadd(jtime, -offset);
+ if (k < 0 || jtime < ktime) {
+ k = j;
+ ktime = jtime;
+ }
+ }
+ if (k < 0)
+ break; /* go on to next year */
+ rp = &zp->z_rules[k];
+ rp->r_todo = FALSE;
+ if (useuntil && ktime >= untiltime)
+ break;
+ stdoff = rp->r_stdoff;
+ if (usestart && ktime == starttime)
+ usestart = FALSE;
+ if (usestart) {
+ if (ktime < starttime) {
+ startoff = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
+ stdoff);
+ doabbr(startbuf, zp->z_format,
+ rp->r_abbrvar,
+ rp->r_stdoff != 0);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
+ startoff == oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
+ stdoff))
+ doabbr(startbuf,
+ zp->z_format,
+ rp->r_abbrvar,
+ rp->r_stdoff !=
+ 0);
+ }
+ eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
+ rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
+ doabbr(buf, zp->z_format, rp->r_abbrvar,
+ rp->r_stdoff != 0);
+ offset = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, rp->r_stdoff);
+ type = addtype(offset, buf, rp->r_stdoff != 0,
+ rp->r_todisstd, rp->r_todisgmt);
+ addtt(ktime, type);
+ }
+ }
+ if (usestart) {
+ if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
+ zp->z_format != NULL &&
+ strchr(zp->z_format, '%') == NULL &&
+ strchr(zp->z_format, '/') == NULL)
+ (void) strcpy(startbuf, zp->z_format);
+ eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
+ if (*startbuf == '\0')
+error(_("can't determine time zone abbreviation to use just after until time"));
+ else addtt(starttime,
+ addtype(startoff, startbuf,
+ startoff != zp->z_gmtoff,
+ startttisstd,
+ startttisgmt));
+ }
+ /*
+ ** Now we may get to set starttime for the next zone line.
+ */
+ if (useuntil) {
+ startttisstd = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd;
+ startttisgmt = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt;
+ starttime = zp->z_untiltime;
+ if (!startttisstd)
+ starttime = tadd(starttime, -stdoff);
+ if (!startttisgmt)
+ starttime = tadd(starttime, -gmtoff);
+ }
+ }
+ writezone(zpfirst->z_name);
+}
+
+static void
+addtt(starttime, type)
+const zic_t starttime;
+int type;
+{
+ if (starttime <= min_time ||
+ (timecnt == 1 && attypes[0].at < min_time)) {
+ gmtoffs[0] = gmtoffs[type];
+ isdsts[0] = isdsts[type];
+ ttisstds[0] = ttisstds[type];
+ ttisgmts[0] = ttisgmts[type];
+ if (abbrinds[type] != 0)
+ (void) strcpy(chars, &chars[abbrinds[type]]);
+ abbrinds[0] = 0;
+ charcnt = strlen(chars) + 1;
+ typecnt = 1;
+ timecnt = 0;
+ type = 0;
+ }
+ if (timecnt >= TZ_MAX_TIMES) {
+ error(_("too many transitions?!"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ attypes[timecnt].at = starttime;
+ attypes[timecnt].type = type;
+ ++timecnt;
+}
+
+static int
+addtype(gmtoff, abbr, isdst, ttisstd, ttisgmt)
+const long gmtoff;
+const char * const abbr;
+const int isdst;
+const int ttisstd;
+const int ttisgmt;
+{
+ register int i, j;
+
+ if (isdst != TRUE && isdst != FALSE) {
+ error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad isdst"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if (ttisstd != TRUE && ttisstd != FALSE) {
+ error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisstd"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ if (ttisgmt != TRUE && ttisgmt != FALSE) {
+ error(_("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisgmt"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ /*
+ ** See if there's already an entry for this zone type.
+ ** If so, just return its index.
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i) {
+ if (gmtoff == gmtoffs[i] && isdst == isdsts[i] &&
+ strcmp(abbr, &chars[abbrinds[i]]) == 0 &&
+ ttisstd == ttisstds[i] &&
+ ttisgmt == ttisgmts[i])
+ return i;
+ }
+ /*
+ ** There isn't one; add a new one, unless there are already too
+ ** many.
+ */
+ if (typecnt >= TZ_MAX_TYPES) {
+ error(_("too many local time types"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ gmtoffs[i] = gmtoff;
+ isdsts[i] = isdst;
+ ttisstds[i] = ttisstd;
+ ttisgmts[i] = ttisgmt;
+
+ for (j = 0; j < charcnt; ++j)
+ if (strcmp(&chars[j], abbr) == 0)
+ break;
+ if (j == charcnt)
+ newabbr(abbr);
+ abbrinds[i] = j;
+ ++typecnt;
+ return i;
+}
+
+static void
+leapadd(t, positive, rolling, count)
+const zic_t t;
+const int positive;
+const int rolling;
+int count;
+{
+ register int i, j;
+
+ if (leapcnt + (positive ? count : 1) > TZ_MAX_LEAPS) {
+ error(_("too many leap seconds"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i)
+ if (t <= trans[i]) {
+ if (t == trans[i]) {
+ error(_("repeated leap second moment"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ do {
+ for (j = leapcnt; j > i; --j) {
+ trans[j] = trans[j - 1];
+ corr[j] = corr[j - 1];
+ roll[j] = roll[j - 1];
+ }
+ trans[i] = t;
+ corr[i] = positive ? 1L : eitol(-count);
+ roll[i] = rolling;
+ ++leapcnt;
+ } while (positive && --count != 0);
+}
+
+static void
+adjleap P((void))
+{
+ register int i;
+ register long last = 0;
+
+ /*
+ ** propagate leap seconds forward
+ */
+ for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i) {
+ trans[i] = tadd(trans[i], last);
+ last = corr[i] += last;
+ }
+}
+
+static int
+yearistype(year, type)
+const int year;
+const char * const type;
+{
+ static char * buf;
+ int result;
+
+ if (type == NULL || *type == '\0')
+ return TRUE;
+ buf = erealloc(buf, (int) (132 + strlen(yitcommand) + strlen(type)));
+ (void) sprintf(buf, "%s %d %s", yitcommand, year, type);
+ result = system(buf);
+ if (WIFEXITED(result)) switch (WEXITSTATUS(result)) {
+ case 0:
+ return TRUE;
+ case 1:
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ error(_("Wild result from command execution"));
+ (void) fprintf(stderr, _("%s: command was '%s', result was %d\n"),
+ progname, buf, result);
+ for ( ; ; )
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int
+lowerit(a)
+int a;
+{
+ a = (unsigned char) a;
+ return (isascii(a) && isupper(a)) ? tolower(a) : a;
+}
+
+static int
+ciequal(ap, bp) /* case-insensitive equality */
+register const char * ap;
+register const char * bp;
+{
+ while (lowerit(*ap) == lowerit(*bp++))
+ if (*ap++ == '\0')
+ return TRUE;
+ return FALSE;
+}
+
+static int
+itsabbr(abbr, word)
+register const char * abbr;
+register const char * word;
+{
+ if (lowerit(*abbr) != lowerit(*word))
+ return FALSE;
+ ++word;
+ while (*++abbr != '\0')
+ do {
+ if (*word == '\0')
+ return FALSE;
+ } while (lowerit(*word++) != lowerit(*abbr));
+ return TRUE;
+}
+
+static const struct lookup *
+byword(word, table)
+register const char * const word;
+register const struct lookup * const table;
+{
+ register const struct lookup * foundlp;
+ register const struct lookup * lp;
+
+ if (word == NULL || table == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ /*
+ ** Look for exact match.
+ */
+ for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
+ if (ciequal(word, lp->l_word))
+ return lp;
+ /*
+ ** Look for inexact match.
+ */
+ foundlp = NULL;
+ for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
+ if (itsabbr(word, lp->l_word)) {
+ if (foundlp == NULL)
+ foundlp = lp;
+ else return NULL; /* multiple inexact matches */
+ }
+ return foundlp;
+}
+
+static char **
+getfields(cp)
+register char * cp;
+{
+ register char * dp;
+ register char ** array;
+ register int nsubs;
+
+ if (cp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ array = (char **) (void *)
+ emalloc((int) ((strlen(cp) + 1) * sizeof *array));
+ nsubs = 0;
+ for ( ; ; ) {
+ while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+ isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
+ ++cp;
+ if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
+ break;
+ array[nsubs++] = dp = cp;
+ do {
+ if ((*dp = *cp++) != '"')
+ ++dp;
+ else while ((*dp = *cp++) != '"')
+ if (*dp != '\0')
+ ++dp;
+ else error(_(
+ "Odd number of quotation marks"
+ ));
+ } while (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#' &&
+ (!isascii(*cp) || !isspace((unsigned char) *cp)));
+ if (isascii(*cp) && isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
+ ++cp;
+ *dp = '\0';
+ }
+ array[nsubs] = NULL;
+ return array;
+}
+
+static long
+oadd(t1, t2)
+const long t1;
+const long t2;
+{
+ register long t;
+
+ t = t1 + t2;
+ if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1)) {
+ error(_("time overflow"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ return t;
+}
+
+static zic_t
+tadd(t1, t2)
+const zic_t t1;
+const long t2;
+{
+ register zic_t t;
+
+ if (t1 == max_time && t2 > 0)
+ return max_time;
+ if (t1 == min_time && t2 < 0)
+ return min_time;
+ t = t1 + t2;
+ if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1)) {
+ error(_("time overflow"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ return t;
+}
+
+/*
+** Given a rule, and a year, compute the date - in seconds since January 1,
+** 1970, 00:00 LOCAL time - in that year that the rule refers to.
+*/
+
+static zic_t
+rpytime(rp, wantedy)
+register const struct rule * const rp;
+register const int wantedy;
+{
+ register int y, m, i;
+ register long dayoff; /* with a nod to Margaret O. */
+ register zic_t t;
+
+ if (wantedy == INT_MIN)
+ return min_time;
+ if (wantedy == INT_MAX)
+ return max_time;
+ dayoff = 0;
+ m = TM_JANUARY;
+ y = EPOCH_YEAR;
+ while (wantedy != y) {
+ if (wantedy > y) {
+ i = len_years[isleap(y)];
+ ++y;
+ } else {
+ --y;
+ i = -len_years[isleap(y)];
+ }
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
+ }
+ while (m != rp->r_month) {
+ i = len_months[isleap(y)][m];
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
+ ++m;
+ }
+ i = rp->r_dayofmonth;
+ if (m == TM_FEBRUARY && i == 29 && !isleap(y)) {
+ if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ)
+ --i;
+ else {
+ error(_("use of 2/29 in non leap-year"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ --i;
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
+ if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ || rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ) {
+ register long wday;
+
+#define LDAYSPERWEEK ((long) DAYSPERWEEK)
+ wday = eitol(EPOCH_WDAY);
+ /*
+ ** Don't trust mod of negative numbers.
+ */
+ if (dayoff >= 0)
+ wday = (wday + dayoff) % LDAYSPERWEEK;
+ else {
+ wday -= ((-dayoff) % LDAYSPERWEEK);
+ if (wday < 0)
+ wday += LDAYSPERWEEK;
+ }
+ while (wday != eitol(rp->r_wday))
+ if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ) {
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, (long) 1);
+ if (++wday >= LDAYSPERWEEK)
+ wday = 0;
+ ++i;
+ } else {
+ dayoff = oadd(dayoff, (long) -1);
+ if (--wday < 0)
+ wday = LDAYSPERWEEK - 1;
+ --i;
+ }
+ if (i < 0 || i >= len_months[isleap(y)][m]) {
+ if (noise)
+ warning(_("rule goes past start/end of month--\
+will not work with pre-2004 versions of zic"));
+ }
+ }
+ if (dayoff < 0 && !TYPE_SIGNED(zic_t))
+ return min_time;
+ if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY)
+ return min_time;
+ if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY)
+ return max_time;
+ t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
+ return tadd(t, rp->r_tod);
+}
+
+static void
+newabbr(string)
+const char * const string;
+{
+ register int i;
+
+ if (strcmp(string, GRANDPARENTED) != 0) {
+ register const char * cp;
+ register char * wp;
+
+ /*
+ ** Want one to ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN alphabetics
+ ** optionally followed by a + or - and a number from 1 to 14.
+ */
+ cp = string;
+ wp = NULL;
+ while (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+ isalpha((unsigned char) *cp))
+ ++cp;
+ if (cp - string == 0)
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation lacks alphabetic at start");
+ if (noise && cp - string > 3)
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation has more than 3 alphabetics");
+ if (cp - string > ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN)
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation has too many alphabetics");
+ if (wp == NULL && (*cp == '+' || *cp == '-')) {
+ ++cp;
+ if (isascii((unsigned char) *cp) &&
+ isdigit((unsigned char) *cp))
+ if (*cp++ == '1' &&
+ *cp >= '0' && *cp <= '4')
+ ++cp;
+ }
+ if (*cp != '\0')
+wp = _("time zone abbreviation differs from POSIX standard");
+ if (wp != NULL) {
+ wp = ecpyalloc(wp);
+ wp = ecatalloc(wp, " (");
+ wp = ecatalloc(wp, string);
+ wp = ecatalloc(wp, ")");
+ warning(wp);
+ ifree(wp);
+ }
+ }
+ i = strlen(string) + 1;
+ if (charcnt + i > TZ_MAX_CHARS) {
+ error(_("too many, or too long, time zone abbreviations"));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ (void) strcpy(&chars[charcnt], string);
+ charcnt += eitol(i);
+}
+
+static int
+mkdirs(argname)
+char * const argname;
+{
+ register char * name;
+ register char * cp;
+
+ if (argname == NULL || *argname == '\0')
+ return 0;
+ cp = name = ecpyalloc(argname);
+ while ((cp = strchr(cp + 1, '/')) != 0) {
+ *cp = '\0';
+#ifndef unix
+ /*
+ ** DOS drive specifier?
+ */
+ if (isalpha((unsigned char) name[0]) &&
+ name[1] == ':' && name[2] == '\0') {
+ *cp = '/';
+ continue;
+ }
+#endif /* !defined unix */
+ if (!itsdir(name)) {
+ /*
+ ** It doesn't seem to exist, so we try to create it.
+ ** Creation may fail because of the directory being
+ ** created by some other multiprocessor, so we get
+ ** to do extra checking.
+ */
+ if (mkdir(name, MKDIR_UMASK) != 0) {
+ const char *e = strerror(errno);
+
+ if (errno != EEXIST || !itsdir(name)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+_("%s: Can't create directory %s: %s\n"),
+ progname, name, e);
+ ifree(name);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ *cp = '/';
+ }
+ ifree(name);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static long
+eitol(i)
+const int i;
+{
+ long l;
+
+ l = i;
+ if ((i < 0 && l >= 0) || (i == 0 && l != 0) || (i > 0 && l <= 0)) {
+ (void) fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: %d did not sign extend correctly\n"),
+ progname, i);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ return l;
+}
+
+/*
+** UNIX was a registered trademark of The Open Group in 2003.
+*/
--- /dev/null
+# @(#)zone.tab 8.10
+#
+# TZ zone descriptions
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-08-05):
+#
+# This file contains a table with the following columns:
+# 1. ISO 3166 2-character country code. See the file `iso3166.tab'.
+# 2. Latitude and longitude of the zone's principal location
+# in ISO 6709 sign-degrees-minutes-seconds format,
+# either +-DDMM+-DDDMM or +-DDMMSS+-DDDMMSS,
+# first latitude (+ is north), then longitude (+ is east).
+# 3. Zone name used in value of TZ environment variable.
+# 4. Comments; present if and only if the country has multiple rows.
+#
+# Columns are separated by a single tab.
+# The table is sorted first by country, then an order within the country that
+# (1) makes some geographical sense, and
+# (2) puts the most populous zones first, where that does not contradict (1).
+#
+# Lines beginning with `#' are comments.
+#
+#country-
+#code coordinates TZ comments
+AD +4230+00131 Europe/Andorra
+AE +2518+05518 Asia/Dubai
+AF +3431+06912 Asia/Kabul
+AG +1703-06148 America/Antigua
+AI +1812-06304 America/Anguilla
+AL +4120+01950 Europe/Tirane
+AM +4011+04430 Asia/Yerevan
+AN +1211-06900 America/Curacao
+AO -0848+01314 Africa/Luanda
+AQ -7750+16636 Antarctica/McMurdo McMurdo Station, Ross Island
+AQ -9000+00000 Antarctica/South_Pole Amundsen-Scott Station, South Pole
+AQ -6734-06808 Antarctica/Rothera Rothera Station, Adelaide Island
+AQ -6448-06406 Antarctica/Palmer Palmer Station, Anvers Island
+AQ -6736+06253 Antarctica/Mawson Mawson Station, Holme Bay
+AQ -6835+07758 Antarctica/Davis Davis Station, Vestfold Hills
+AQ -6617+11031 Antarctica/Casey Casey Station, Bailey Peninsula
+AQ -7824+10654 Antarctica/Vostok Vostok Station, S Magnetic Pole
+AQ -6640+14001 Antarctica/DumontDUrville Dumont-d'Urville Base, Terre Adelie
+AQ -690022+0393524 Antarctica/Syowa Syowa Station, E Ongul I
+AR -3436-05827 America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires Buenos Aires (BA, CF)
+AR -3124-06411 America/Argentina/Cordoba most locations (CB, CC, CN, ER, FM, LP, MN, NQ, RN, SA, SE, SF, SL)
+AR -2411-06518 America/Argentina/Jujuy Jujuy (JY)
+AR -2649-06513 America/Argentina/Tucuman Tucuman (TM)
+AR -2828-06547 America/Argentina/Catamarca Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
+AR -2926-06651 America/Argentina/La_Rioja La Rioja (LR)
+AR -3132-06831 America/Argentina/San_Juan San Juan (SJ)
+AR -3253-06849 America/Argentina/Mendoza Mendoza (MZ)
+AR -5138-06913 America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos Santa Cruz (SC)
+AR -5448-06818 America/Argentina/Ushuaia Tierra del Fuego (TF)
+AS -1416-17042 Pacific/Pago_Pago
+AT +4813+01620 Europe/Vienna
+AU -3133+15905 Australia/Lord_Howe Lord Howe Island
+AU -4253+14719 Australia/Hobart Tasmania - most locations
+AU -3956+14352 Australia/Currie Tasmania - King Island
+AU -3749+14458 Australia/Melbourne Victoria
+AU -3352+15113 Australia/Sydney New South Wales - most locations
+AU -3157+14127 Australia/Broken_Hill New South Wales - Yancowinna
+AU -2728+15302 Australia/Brisbane Queensland - most locations
+AU -2016+14900 Australia/Lindeman Queensland - Holiday Islands
+AU -3455+13835 Australia/Adelaide South Australia
+AU -1228+13050 Australia/Darwin Northern Territory
+AU -3157+11551 Australia/Perth Western Australia - most locations
+AU -3143+12852 Australia/Eucla Western Australia - Eucla area
+AW +1230-06858 America/Aruba
+AX +6006+01957 Europe/Mariehamn
+AZ +4023+04951 Asia/Baku
+BA +4352+01825 Europe/Sarajevo
+BB +1306-05937 America/Barbados
+BD +2343+09025 Asia/Dhaka
+BE +5050+00420 Europe/Brussels
+BF +1222-00131 Africa/Ouagadougou
+BG +4241+02319 Europe/Sofia
+BH +2623+05035 Asia/Bahrain
+BI -0323+02922 Africa/Bujumbura
+BJ +0629+00237 Africa/Porto-Novo
+BM +3217-06446 Atlantic/Bermuda
+BN +0456+11455 Asia/Brunei
+BO -1630-06809 America/La_Paz
+BR -0351-03225 America/Noronha Atlantic islands
+BR -0127-04829 America/Belem Amapa, E Para
+BR -0343-03830 America/Fortaleza NE Brazil (MA, PI, CE, RN, PB)
+BR -0803-03454 America/Recife Pernambuco
+BR -0712-04812 America/Araguaina Tocantins
+BR -0940-03543 America/Maceio Alagoas, Sergipe
+BR -1259-03831 America/Bahia Bahia
+BR -2332-04637 America/Sao_Paulo S & SE Brazil (GO, DF, MG, ES, RJ, SP, PR, SC, RS)
+BR -2027-05437 America/Campo_Grande Mato Grosso do Sul
+BR -1535-05605 America/Cuiaba Mato Grosso
+BR -0846-06354 America/Porto_Velho W Para, Rondonia
+BR +0249-06040 America/Boa_Vista Roraima
+BR -0308-06001 America/Manaus E Amazonas
+BR -0640-06952 America/Eirunepe W Amazonas
+BR -0958-06748 America/Rio_Branco Acre
+BS +2505-07721 America/Nassau
+BT +2728+08939 Asia/Thimphu
+BW -2545+02555 Africa/Gaborone
+BY +5354+02734 Europe/Minsk
+BZ +1730-08812 America/Belize
+CA +4734-05243 America/St_Johns Newfoundland Time, including SE Labrador
+CA +4439-06336 America/Halifax Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia (most places), PEI
+CA +4612-05957 America/Glace_Bay Atlantic Time - Nova Scotia - places that did not observe DST 1966-1971
+CA +4606-06447 America/Moncton Atlantic Time - New Brunswick
+CA +5320-06025 America/Goose_Bay Atlantic Time - Labrador - most locations
+CA +5125-05707 America/Blanc-Sablon Atlantic Standard Time - Quebec - Lower North Shore
+CA +4531-07334 America/Montreal Eastern Time - Quebec - most locations
+CA +4339-07923 America/Toronto Eastern Time - Ontario - most locations
+CA +4901-08816 America/Nipigon Eastern Time - Ontario & Quebec - places that did not observe DST 1967-1973
+CA +4823-08915 America/Thunder_Bay Eastern Time - Thunder Bay, Ontario
+CA +6344-06828 America/Iqaluit Eastern Time - east Nunavut - most locations
+CA +6608-06544 America/Pangnirtung Eastern Time - Pangnirtung, Nunavut
+CA +744144-0944945 America/Resolute Eastern Time - Resolute, Nunavut
+CA +484531-0913718 America/Atikokan Eastern Standard Time - Atikokan, Ontario and Southampton I, Nunavut
+CA +624900-0920459 America/Rankin_Inlet Central Time - central Nunavut
+CA +4953-09709 America/Winnipeg Central Time - Manitoba & west Ontario
+CA +4843-09434 America/Rainy_River Central Time - Rainy River & Fort Frances, Ontario
+CA +6903-10505 America/Cambridge_Bay Central Time - west Nunavut
+CA +5024-10439 America/Regina Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - most locations
+CA +5017-10750 America/Swift_Current Central Standard Time - Saskatchewan - midwest
+CA +5333-11328 America/Edmonton Mountain Time - Alberta, east British Columbia & west Saskatchewan
+CA +6227-11421 America/Yellowknife Mountain Time - central Northwest Territories
+CA +682059-1334300 America/Inuvik Mountain Time - west Northwest Territories
+CA +5946-12014 America/Dawson_Creek Mountain Standard Time - Dawson Creek & Fort Saint John, British Columbia
+CA +4916-12307 America/Vancouver Pacific Time - west British Columbia
+CA +6043-13503 America/Whitehorse Pacific Time - south Yukon
+CA +6404-13925 America/Dawson Pacific Time - north Yukon
+CC -1210+09655 Indian/Cocos
+CD -0418+01518 Africa/Kinshasa west Dem. Rep. of Congo
+CD -1140+02728 Africa/Lubumbashi east Dem. Rep. of Congo
+CF +0422+01835 Africa/Bangui
+CG -0416+01517 Africa/Brazzaville
+CH +4723+00832 Europe/Zurich
+CI +0519-00402 Africa/Abidjan
+CK -2114-15946 Pacific/Rarotonga
+CL -3327-07040 America/Santiago most locations
+CL -2709-10926 Pacific/Easter Easter Island & Sala y Gomez
+CM +0403+00942 Africa/Douala
+CN +3114+12128 Asia/Shanghai east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc.
+CN +4545+12641 Asia/Harbin Heilongjiang (except Mohe), Jilin
+CN +2934+10635 Asia/Chongqing central China - Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, etc.
+CN +4348+08735 Asia/Urumqi most of Tibet & Xinjiang
+CN +3929+07559 Asia/Kashgar west Tibet & Xinjiang
+CO +0436-07405 America/Bogota
+CR +0956-08405 America/Costa_Rica
+CU +2308-08222 America/Havana
+CV +1455-02331 Atlantic/Cape_Verde
+CX -1025+10543 Indian/Christmas
+CY +3510+03322 Asia/Nicosia
+CZ +5005+01426 Europe/Prague
+DE +5230+01322 Europe/Berlin
+DJ +1136+04309 Africa/Djibouti
+DK +5540+01235 Europe/Copenhagen
+DM +1518-06124 America/Dominica
+DO +1828-06954 America/Santo_Domingo
+DZ +3647+00303 Africa/Algiers
+EC -0210-07950 America/Guayaquil mainland
+EC -0054-08936 Pacific/Galapagos Galapagos Islands
+EE +5925+02445 Europe/Tallinn
+EG +3003+03115 Africa/Cairo
+EH +2709-01312 Africa/El_Aaiun
+ER +1520+03853 Africa/Asmara
+ES +4024-00341 Europe/Madrid mainland
+ES +3553-00519 Africa/Ceuta Ceuta & Melilla
+ES +2806-01524 Atlantic/Canary Canary Islands
+ET +0902+03842 Africa/Addis_Ababa
+FI +6010+02458 Europe/Helsinki
+FJ -1808+17825 Pacific/Fiji
+FK -5142-05751 Atlantic/Stanley
+FM +0725+15147 Pacific/Truk Truk (Chuuk) and Yap
+FM +0658+15813 Pacific/Ponape Ponape (Pohnpei)
+FM +0519+16259 Pacific/Kosrae Kosrae
+FO +6201-00646 Atlantic/Faroe
+FR +4852+00220 Europe/Paris
+GA +0023+00927 Africa/Libreville
+GB +512830-0001845 Europe/London
+GD +1203-06145 America/Grenada
+GE +4143+04449 Asia/Tbilisi
+GF +0456-05220 America/Cayenne
+GG +4927-00232 Europe/Guernsey
+GH +0533-00013 Africa/Accra
+GI +3608-00521 Europe/Gibraltar
+GL +6411-05144 America/Godthab most locations
+GL +7646-01840 America/Danmarkshavn east coast, north of Scoresbysund
+GL +7029-02158 America/Scoresbysund Scoresbysund / Ittoqqortoormiit
+GL +7634-06847 America/Thule Thule / Pituffik
+GM +1328-01639 Africa/Banjul
+GN +0931-01343 Africa/Conakry
+GP +1614-06132 America/Guadeloupe
+GQ +0345+00847 Africa/Malabo
+GR +3758+02343 Europe/Athens
+GS -5416-03632 Atlantic/South_Georgia
+GT +1438-09031 America/Guatemala
+GU +1328+14445 Pacific/Guam
+GW +1151-01535 Africa/Bissau
+GY +0648-05810 America/Guyana
+HK +2217+11409 Asia/Hong_Kong
+HN +1406-08713 America/Tegucigalpa
+HR +4548+01558 Europe/Zagreb
+HT +1832-07220 America/Port-au-Prince
+HU +4730+01905 Europe/Budapest
+ID -0610+10648 Asia/Jakarta Java & Sumatra
+ID -0002+10920 Asia/Pontianak west & central Borneo
+ID -0507+11924 Asia/Makassar east & south Borneo, Celebes, Bali, Nusa Tengarra, west Timor
+ID -0232+14042 Asia/Jayapura Irian Jaya & the Moluccas
+IE +5320-00615 Europe/Dublin
+IL +3146+03514 Asia/Jerusalem
+IM +5409-00428 Europe/Isle_of_Man
+IN +2232+08822 Asia/Calcutta
+IO -0720+07225 Indian/Chagos
+IQ +3321+04425 Asia/Baghdad
+IR +3540+05126 Asia/Tehran
+IS +6409-02151 Atlantic/Reykjavik
+IT +4154+01229 Europe/Rome
+JE +4912-00207 Europe/Jersey
+JM +1800-07648 America/Jamaica
+JO +3157+03556 Asia/Amman
+JP +353916+1394441 Asia/Tokyo
+KE -0117+03649 Africa/Nairobi
+KG +4254+07436 Asia/Bishkek
+KH +1133+10455 Asia/Phnom_Penh
+KI +0125+17300 Pacific/Tarawa Gilbert Islands
+KI -0308-17105 Pacific/Enderbury Phoenix Islands
+KI +0152-15720 Pacific/Kiritimati Line Islands
+KM -1141+04316 Indian/Comoro
+KN +1718-06243 America/St_Kitts
+KP +3901+12545 Asia/Pyongyang
+KR +3733+12658 Asia/Seoul
+KW +2920+04759 Asia/Kuwait
+KY +1918-08123 America/Cayman
+KZ +4315+07657 Asia/Almaty most locations
+KZ +4448+06528 Asia/Qyzylorda Qyzylorda (Kyzylorda, Kzyl-Orda)
+KZ +5017+05710 Asia/Aqtobe Aqtobe (Aktobe)
+KZ +4431+05016 Asia/Aqtau Atyrau (Atirau, Gur'yev), Mangghystau (Mankistau)
+KZ +5113+05121 Asia/Oral West Kazakhstan
+LA +1758+10236 Asia/Vientiane
+LB +3353+03530 Asia/Beirut
+LC +1401-06100 America/St_Lucia
+LI +4709+00931 Europe/Vaduz
+LK +0656+07951 Asia/Colombo
+LR +0618-01047 Africa/Monrovia
+LS -2928+02730 Africa/Maseru
+LT +5441+02519 Europe/Vilnius
+LU +4936+00609 Europe/Luxembourg
+LV +5657+02406 Europe/Riga
+LY +3254+01311 Africa/Tripoli
+MA +3339-00735 Africa/Casablanca
+MC +4342+00723 Europe/Monaco
+MD +4700+02850 Europe/Chisinau
+ME +4226+01916 Europe/Podgorica
+MG -1855+04731 Indian/Antananarivo
+MH +0709+17112 Pacific/Majuro most locations
+MH +0905+16720 Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein
+MK +4159+02126 Europe/Skopje
+ML +1239-00800 Africa/Bamako
+MM +1647+09610 Asia/Rangoon
+MN +4755+10653 Asia/Ulaanbaatar most locations
+MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Olgiy, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
+MN +4804+11430 Asia/Choibalsan Dornod, Sukhbaatar
+MO +2214+11335 Asia/Macau
+MP +1512+14545 Pacific/Saipan
+MQ +1436-06105 America/Martinique
+MR +1806-01557 Africa/Nouakchott
+MS +1643-06213 America/Montserrat
+MT +3554+01431 Europe/Malta
+MU -2010+05730 Indian/Mauritius
+MV +0410+07330 Indian/Maldives
+MW -1547+03500 Africa/Blantyre
+MX +1924-09909 America/Mexico_City Central Time - most locations
+MX +2105-08646 America/Cancun Central Time - Quintana Roo
+MX +2058-08937 America/Merida Central Time - Campeche, Yucatan
+MX +2540-10019 America/Monterrey Central Time - Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
+MX +2313-10625 America/Mazatlan Mountain Time - S Baja, Nayarit, Sinaloa
+MX +2838-10605 America/Chihuahua Mountain Time - Chihuahua
+MX +2904-11058 America/Hermosillo Mountain Standard Time - Sonora
+MX +3232-11701 America/Tijuana Pacific Time
+MY +0310+10142 Asia/Kuala_Lumpur peninsular Malaysia
+MY +0133+11020 Asia/Kuching Sabah & Sarawak
+MZ -2558+03235 Africa/Maputo
+NA -2234+01706 Africa/Windhoek
+NC -2216+16530 Pacific/Noumea
+NE +1331+00207 Africa/Niamey
+NF -2903+16758 Pacific/Norfolk
+NG +0627+00324 Africa/Lagos
+NI +1209-08617 America/Managua
+NL +5222+00454 Europe/Amsterdam
+NO +5955+01045 Europe/Oslo
+NP +2743+08519 Asia/Katmandu
+NR -0031+16655 Pacific/Nauru
+NU -1901+16955 Pacific/Niue
+NZ -3652+17446 Pacific/Auckland most locations
+NZ -4357-17633 Pacific/Chatham Chatham Islands
+OM +2336+05835 Asia/Muscat
+PA +0858-07932 America/Panama
+PE -1203-07703 America/Lima
+PF -1732-14934 Pacific/Tahiti Society Islands
+PF -0900-13930 Pacific/Marquesas Marquesas Islands
+PF -2308-13457 Pacific/Gambier Gambier Islands
+PG -0930+14710 Pacific/Port_Moresby
+PH +1435+12100 Asia/Manila
+PK +2452+06703 Asia/Karachi
+PL +5215+02100 Europe/Warsaw
+PM +4703-05620 America/Miquelon
+PN -2504-13005 Pacific/Pitcairn
+PR +182806-0660622 America/Puerto_Rico
+PS +3130+03428 Asia/Gaza
+PT +3843-00908 Europe/Lisbon mainland
+PT +3238-01654 Atlantic/Madeira Madeira Islands
+PT +3744-02540 Atlantic/Azores Azores
+PW +0720+13429 Pacific/Palau
+PY -2516-05740 America/Asuncion
+QA +2517+05132 Asia/Qatar
+RE -2052+05528 Indian/Reunion
+RO +4426+02606 Europe/Bucharest
+RS +4450+02030 Europe/Belgrade
+RU +5443+02030 Europe/Kaliningrad Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad
+RU +5545+03735 Europe/Moscow Moscow+00 - west Russia
+RU +4844+04425 Europe/Volgograd Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea
+RU +5312+05009 Europe/Samara Moscow+01 - Samara, Udmurtia
+RU +5651+06036 Asia/Yekaterinburg Moscow+02 - Urals
+RU +5500+07324 Asia/Omsk Moscow+03 - west Siberia
+RU +5502+08255 Asia/Novosibirsk Moscow+03 - Novosibirsk
+RU +5601+09250 Asia/Krasnoyarsk Moscow+04 - Yenisei River
+RU +5216+10420 Asia/Irkutsk Moscow+05 - Lake Baikal
+RU +6200+12940 Asia/Yakutsk Moscow+06 - Lena River
+RU +4310+13156 Asia/Vladivostok Moscow+07 - Amur River
+RU +4658+14242 Asia/Sakhalin Moscow+07 - Sakhalin Island
+RU +5934+15048 Asia/Magadan Moscow+08 - Magadan
+RU +5301+15839 Asia/Kamchatka Moscow+09 - Kamchatka
+RU +6445+17729 Asia/Anadyr Moscow+10 - Bering Sea
+RW -0157+03004 Africa/Kigali
+SA +2438+04643 Asia/Riyadh
+SB -0932+16012 Pacific/Guadalcanal
+SC -0440+05528 Indian/Mahe
+SD +1536+03232 Africa/Khartoum
+SE +5920+01803 Europe/Stockholm
+SG +0117+10351 Asia/Singapore
+SH -1555-00542 Atlantic/St_Helena
+SI +4603+01431 Europe/Ljubljana
+SJ +7800+01600 Arctic/Longyearbyen Svalbard
+SJ +7059-00805 Atlantic/Jan_Mayen Jan Mayen
+SK +4809+01707 Europe/Bratislava
+SL +0830-01315 Africa/Freetown
+SM +4355+01228 Europe/San_Marino
+SN +1440-01726 Africa/Dakar
+SO +0204+04522 Africa/Mogadishu
+SR +0550-05510 America/Paramaribo
+ST +0020+00644 Africa/Sao_Tome
+SV +1342-08912 America/El_Salvador
+SY +3330+03618 Asia/Damascus
+SZ -2618+03106 Africa/Mbabane
+TC +2128-07108 America/Grand_Turk
+TD +1207+01503 Africa/Ndjamena
+TF -492110+0701303 Indian/Kerguelen
+TG +0608+00113 Africa/Lome
+TH +1345+10031 Asia/Bangkok
+TJ +3835+06848 Asia/Dushanbe
+TK -0922-17114 Pacific/Fakaofo
+TL -0833+12535 Asia/Dili
+TM +3757+05823 Asia/Ashgabat
+TN +3648+01011 Africa/Tunis
+TO -2110+17510 Pacific/Tongatapu
+TR +4101+02858 Europe/Istanbul
+TT +1039-06131 America/Port_of_Spain
+TV -0831+17913 Pacific/Funafuti
+TW +2503+12130 Asia/Taipei
+TZ -0648+03917 Africa/Dar_es_Salaam
+UA +5026+03031 Europe/Kiev most locations
+UA +4837+02218 Europe/Uzhgorod Ruthenia
+UA +4750+03510 Europe/Zaporozhye Zaporozh'ye, E Lugansk
+UA +4457+03406 Europe/Simferopol central Crimea
+UG +0019+03225 Africa/Kampala
+UM +1700-16830 Pacific/Johnston Johnston Atoll
+UM +2813-17722 Pacific/Midway Midway Islands
+UM +1917+16637 Pacific/Wake Wake Island
+US +404251-0740023 America/New_York Eastern Time
+US +421953-0830245 America/Detroit Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations
+US +381515-0854534 America/Kentucky/Louisville Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area
+US +364947-0845057 America/Kentucky/Monticello Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County
+US +394606-0860929 America/Indiana/Indianapolis Eastern Time - Indiana - most locations
+US +411745-0863730 America/Indiana/Knox Eastern Time - Indiana - Starke County
+US +410305-0863611 America/Indiana/Winamac Eastern Time - Indiana - Pulaski County
+US +382232-0862041 America/Indiana/Marengo Eastern Time - Indiana - Crawford County
+US +384452-0850402 America/Indiana/Vevay Eastern Time - Indiana - Switzerland County
+US +415100-0873900 America/Chicago Central Time
+US +384038-0873143 America/Indiana/Vincennes Central Time - Indiana - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin & Perry Counties
+US +382931-0871643 America/Indiana/Petersburg Central Time - Indiana - Pike County
+US +450628-0873651 America/Menominee Central Time - Michigan - Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron & Menominee Counties
+US +470659-1011757 America/North_Dakota/Center Central Time - North Dakota - Oliver County
+US +465042-1012439 America/North_Dakota/New_Salem Central Time - North Dakota - Morton County (except Mandan area)
+US +394421-1045903 America/Denver Mountain Time
+US +433649-1161209 America/Boise Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon
+US +364708-1084111 America/Shiprock Mountain Time - Navajo
+US +332654-1120424 America/Phoenix Mountain Standard Time - Arizona
+US +340308-1181434 America/Los_Angeles Pacific Time
+US +611305-1495401 America/Anchorage Alaska Time
+US +581807-1342511 America/Juneau Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle
+US +593249-1394338 America/Yakutat Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle neck
+US +643004-1652423 America/Nome Alaska Time - west Alaska
+US +515248-1763929 America/Adak Aleutian Islands
+US +211825-1575130 Pacific/Honolulu Hawaii
+UY -3453-05611 America/Montevideo
+UZ +3940+06648 Asia/Samarkand west Uzbekistan
+UZ +4120+06918 Asia/Tashkent east Uzbekistan
+VA +4154+01227 Europe/Vatican
+VC +1309-06114 America/St_Vincent
+VE +1030-06656 America/Caracas
+VG +1827-06437 America/Tortola
+VI +1821-06456 America/St_Thomas
+VN +1045+10640 Asia/Saigon
+VU -1740+16825 Pacific/Efate
+WF -1318-17610 Pacific/Wallis
+WS -1350-17144 Pacific/Apia
+YE +1245+04512 Asia/Aden
+YT -1247+04514 Indian/Mayotte
+ZA -2615+02800 Africa/Johannesburg
+ZM -1525+02817 Africa/Lusaka
+ZW -1750+03103 Africa/Harare
