--- /dev/null
+# @(#)README 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
+
+col - filter out reverse line feeds.
+
+Options are:
+ -b do not print any backspaces (last character written is printed)
+ -f allow half line feeds in output, by default characters between
+ lines are pushed to the line below
+ -x do not compress spaces into tabs.
+ -l num keep (at least) num lines in memory, 128 are kept by default
+
+In the 32V source code to col(1) the default behavior was to NOT compress
+spaces into tabs. There was a -h option which caused it to compress spaces
+into tabs. There was no -x flag.
+
+The 32V documentation, however, was consistent with the SVID (actually, V7
+at the time) and documented a -x flag (as defined above) while making no
+mention of a -h flag. Just before 4.3BSD went out, CSRG updated the manual
+page to reflect the way the code worked. Suspecting that this was probably
+the wrong way to go, this version adopts the SVID defaults, and no longer
+documents the -h option.
+
+The S5 -p flag is not supported because it isn't clear what it does (looks
+like a kludge introduced for a particular printer).
+
+Known differences between AT&T's col and this one (# is delimiter):
+ Input AT&T col this col
+ #\nabc\E7def\n# # def\nabc\r# # def\nabc\n#
+ #a# ## #a\n#
+ - last line always ends with at least one \n (or \E9)
+ #1234567 8\n# #1234567\t8\n# #1234567 8\n#
+ - single space not expanded to tab
+ -f #a\E8b\n# #ab\n# # b\E9\ra\n#
+ - can back up past first line (as far as you want) so you
+ *can* have a super script on the first line
+ #\E9_\ba\E8\nb\n# #\n_\bb\ba\n# #\n_\ba\bb\n#
+ - always print last character written to a position,
+ AT&T col claims to do this but doesn't.
+
+If a character is to be placed on a line that has been flushed, a warning
+is produced (the AT&T col is silent). The -l flag (not in AT&T col) can
+be used to increase the number of lines buffered to avoid the problem.
+
+General algorithm: a limited number of lines are buffered in a linked
+list. When a printable character is read, it is put in the buffer of
+the current line along with the column it's supposed to be in. When
+a line is flushed, the characters in the line are sorted according to
+column and then printed.
--- /dev/null
+.\" $NetBSD: col.1,v 1.10 2012/03/22 07:58:18 wiz Exp $
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
+.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+.\"
+.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+.\" Michael Rendell.
+.\"
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\" without specific prior written permission.
+.\"
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" @(#)col.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/29/93
+.\"
+.Dd February 22, 1999
+.Dt COL 1
+.Os
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm col
+.Nd filter reverse line feeds from input
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Nm
+.Op Fl bfpx
+.Op Fl l Ar num
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+.Nm
+filters out reverse (and half reverse) line feeds so that the output is
+in the correct order with only forward and half forward line
+feeds, and replaces white-space characters with tabs where possible.
+This can be useful in processing the output of
+.Xr nroff 1
+and
+.Xr tbl 1 .
+.Pp
+.Nm
+reads from the standard input and writes to the standard output.
+.Pp
+The options are as follows:
+.Bl -tag -width "-l num "
+.It Fl b
+Do not output any backspaces, printing only the last character
+written to each column position.
+.It Fl f
+Forward half line feeds are permitted (``fine'' mode).
+Normally characters printed on a half line boundary are printed
+on the following line.
+.It Fl p
+Force unknown control sequences to be passed through unchanged.
+Normally,
+.Nm
+will filter out any control sequences from the input other than those
+recognized and interpreted by itself, which are listed below.
+.It Fl x
+Output multiple spaces instead of tabs.
+.It Fl l Ar num
+Buffer at least
+.Ar num
+lines in memory.
+By default, 128 lines are buffered.
+.El
+.Pp
+The control sequences for carriage motion that
+.Nm
+understands and their decimal values are listed in the following
+table:
+.Pp
+.Bl -tag -width "carriage return" -compact
+.It ESC\-7
+reverse line feed (escape then 7)
+.It ESC\-8
+half reverse line feed (escape then 8)
+.It ESC\-9
+half forward line feed (escape then 9)
+.It backspace
+moves back one column (8); ignored in the first column
+.It carriage return
+(13)
+.It newline
+forward line feed (10); also does carriage return
+.It shift in
+shift to normal character set (15)
+.It shift out
+shift to alternative character set (14)
+.It space
+moves forward one column (32)
+.It tab
+moves forward to next tab stop (9)
+.It vertical tab
+reverse line feed (11)
+.El
+.Pp
+All unrecognized control characters and escape sequences are
+discarded.
+.Pp
+.Nm
+keeps track of the character set as characters are read and makes
+sure the character set is correct when they are output.
+.Pp
+If the input attempts to back up to the last flushed line,
+.Nm
+will display a warning message.
+.Sh SEE ALSO
+.Xr expand 1 ,
+.Xr nroff 1 ,
+.Xr tbl 1
+.Sh STANDARDS
+The
+.Nm
+utility conforms to
+.St -xpg4.2 .
+The
+.Fl l
+option is an extension to the standard.
+.Sh HISTORY
+A
+.Nm
+command appeared in
+.At v6 .
--- /dev/null
+/* $NetBSD: col.c,v 1.17 2011/08/31 16:24:57 plunky Exp $ */
+
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
+ * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Michael Rendell of the Memorial University of Newfoundland.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#ifndef lint
+__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\
+ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.");
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#ifndef lint
+#if 0
+static char sccsid[] = "@(#)col.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
+#endif
+__RCSID("$NetBSD: col.c,v 1.17 2011/08/31 16:24:57 plunky Exp $");
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define BS '\b' /* backspace */
+#define TAB '\t' /* tab */
+#define SPACE ' ' /* space */
+#define NL '\n' /* newline */
+#define CR '\r' /* carriage return */
+#define ESC '\033' /* escape */
+#define SI '\017' /* shift in to normal character set */
+#define SO '\016' /* shift out to alternate character set */
+#define VT '\013' /* vertical tab (aka reverse line feed) */
+#define RLF '\007' /* ESC-07 reverse line feed */
+#define RHLF '\010' /* ESC-010 reverse half-line feed */
+#define FHLF '\011' /* ESC-011 forward half-line feed */
+
+/* build up at least this many lines before flushing them out */
+#define BUFFER_MARGIN 32
+
+typedef char CSET;
+
+typedef struct char_str {
+#define CS_NORMAL 1
+#define CS_ALTERNATE 2
+ short c_column; /* column character is in */
+ CSET c_set; /* character set (currently only 2) */
+ char c_char; /* character in question */
+} CHAR;
+
+typedef struct line_str LINE;
+struct line_str {
+ CHAR *l_line; /* characters on the line */
+ LINE *l_prev; /* previous line */
+ LINE *l_next; /* next line */
+ int l_lsize; /* allocated sizeof l_line */
+ int l_line_len; /* strlen(l_line) */
+ int l_needs_sort; /* set if chars went in out of order */
+ int l_max_col; /* max column in the line */
+};
+
+static LINE *alloc_line(void);
+static void dowarn(int);
+static void flush_line(LINE *);
+static void flush_lines(int);
+static void flush_blanks(void);
+static void free_line(LINE *);
+__dead static void usage(void);
+__dead static void wrerr(void);
+static void *xmalloc(void *, size_t);
+
+static CSET last_set; /* char_set of last char printed */
+static LINE *lines;
+static int compress_spaces; /* if doing space -> tab conversion */
+static int fine; /* if `fine' resolution (half lines) */
+static int max_bufd_lines; /* max # lines to keep in memory */
+static int nblank_lines; /* # blanks after last flushed line */
+static int no_backspaces; /* if not to output any backspaces */
+static int pass_unknown_seqs; /* whether to pass unknown control sequences */
+
+#define PUTC(ch) \
+ if (putchar(ch) == EOF) \
+ wrerr();
+
+int
+main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ int ch;
+ CHAR *c;
+ CSET cur_set; /* current character set */
+ LINE *l; /* current line */
+ int extra_lines; /* # of lines above first line */
+ int cur_col; /* current column */
+ int cur_line; /* line number of current position */
+ int max_line; /* max value of cur_line */
+ int this_line; /* line l points to */
+ int nflushd_lines; /* number of lines that were flushed */
+ int adjust, opt, warned;
+
+ max_bufd_lines = 128;
+ compress_spaces = 1; /* compress spaces into tabs */
+ pass_unknown_seqs = 0; /* remove unknown escape sequences */
+ while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "bfhl:px")) != -1)
+ switch (opt) {
+ case 'b': /* do not output backspaces */
+ no_backspaces = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'f': /* allow half forward line feeds */
+ fine = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'h': /* compress spaces into tabs */
+ compress_spaces = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'l': /* buffered line count */
+ if ((max_bufd_lines = atoi(optarg)) <= 0) {
+ (void)fprintf(stderr,
+ "col: bad -l argument %s.\n", optarg);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'p': /* pass unknown control sequences */
+ pass_unknown_seqs = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'x': /* do not compress spaces into tabs */
+ compress_spaces = 0;
+ break;
+ case '?':
+ default:
+ usage();
+ }
+
+ if (optind != argc)
+ usage();
+
+ /* this value is in half lines */
+ max_bufd_lines *= 2;
+
+ adjust = cur_col = extra_lines = warned = 0;
+ cur_line = max_line = nflushd_lines = this_line = 0;
+ cur_set = last_set = CS_NORMAL;
+ lines = l = alloc_line();
+
+ while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF) {
+ if (!isgraph(ch)) {
+ switch (ch) {
+ case BS: /* can't go back further */
+ if (cur_col == 0)
+ continue;
+ --cur_col;
+ continue;
+ case CR:
+ cur_col = 0;
+ continue;
+ case ESC: /* just ignore EOF */
+ switch(getchar()) {
+ case RLF:
+ cur_line -= 2;
+ break;
+ case RHLF:
+ cur_line--;
+ break;
+ case FHLF:
+ cur_line++;
+ if (cur_line > max_line)
+ max_line = cur_line;
+ }
+ continue;
+ case NL:
+ cur_line += 2;
+ if (cur_line > max_line)
+ max_line = cur_line;
+ cur_col = 0;
+ continue;
+ case SPACE:
+ ++cur_col;
+ continue;
+ case SI:
+ cur_set = CS_NORMAL;
+ continue;
+ case SO:
+ cur_set = CS_ALTERNATE;
+ continue;
+ case TAB: /* adjust column */
+ cur_col |= 7;
+ ++cur_col;
+ continue;
+ case VT:
+ cur_line -= 2;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (!pass_unknown_seqs)
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Must stuff ch in a line - are we at the right one? */
+ if (cur_line != this_line - adjust) {
+ LINE *lnew;
+ int nmove;
+
+ adjust = 0;
+ nmove = cur_line - this_line;
+ if (!fine) {
+ /* round up to next line */
+ if (cur_line & 1) {
+ adjust = 1;
+ nmove++;
+ }
+ }
+ if (nmove < 0) {
+ for (; nmove < 0 && l->l_prev; nmove++)
+ l = l->l_prev;
+ if (nmove) {
+ if (nflushd_lines == 0) {
+ /*
+ * Allow backup past first
+ * line if nothing has been
+ * flushed yet.
+ */
+ for (; nmove < 0; nmove++) {
+ lnew = alloc_line();
+ l->l_prev = lnew;
+ lnew->l_next = l;
+ l = lines = lnew;
+ extra_lines++;
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (!warned++)
+ dowarn(cur_line);
+ cur_line -= nmove;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ /* may need to allocate here */
+ for (; nmove > 0 && l->l_next; nmove--)
+ l = l->l_next;
+ for (; nmove > 0; nmove--) {
+ lnew = alloc_line();
+ lnew->l_prev = l;
+ l->l_next = lnew;
+ l = lnew;
+ }
+ }
+ this_line = cur_line + adjust;
+ nmove = this_line - nflushd_lines;
+ if (nmove >= max_bufd_lines + BUFFER_MARGIN) {
+ nflushd_lines += nmove - max_bufd_lines;
+ flush_lines(nmove - max_bufd_lines);
+ }
+ }
+ /* grow line's buffer? */
+ if (l->l_line_len + 1 >= l->l_lsize) {
+ int need;
+
+ need = l->l_lsize ? l->l_lsize * 2 : 90;
+ l->l_line = (CHAR *)xmalloc((void *) l->l_line,
+ (unsigned) need * sizeof(CHAR));
+ l->l_lsize = need;
+ }
+ c = &l->l_line[l->l_line_len++];
+ c->c_char = ch;
+ c->c_set = cur_set;
+ c->c_column = cur_col;
+ /*
+ * If things are put in out of order, they will need sorting
+ * when it is flushed.
+ */
+ if (cur_col < l->l_max_col)
+ l->l_needs_sort = 1;
+ else
+ l->l_max_col = cur_col;
+ cur_col++;
+ }
+ if (max_line == 0)
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); /* no lines, so just exit */
+
+ /* goto the last line that had a character on it */
+ for (; l->l_next; l = l->l_next)
+ this_line++;
+ flush_lines(this_line - nflushd_lines + extra_lines + 1);
+
+ /* make sure we leave things in a sane state */
+ if (last_set != CS_NORMAL)
+ PUTC('\017');
+
+ /* flush out the last few blank lines */
+ nblank_lines = max_line - this_line;
+ if (max_line & 1)
+ nblank_lines++;
+ else if (!nblank_lines)
+ /* missing a \n on the last line? */
+ nblank_lines = 2;
+ flush_blanks();
+ exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ /* NOTREACHED */
+}
+
+static void
+flush_lines(int nflush)
+{
+ LINE *l;
+
+ while (--nflush >= 0) {
+ l = lines;
+ lines = l->l_next;
+ if (l->l_line) {
+ flush_blanks();
+ flush_line(l);
+ }
+ nblank_lines++;
+ if (l->l_line)
+ (void)free((void *)l->l_line);
+ free_line(l);
+ }
+ if (lines)
+ lines->l_prev = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print a number of newline/half newlines. If fine flag is set, nblank_lines
+ * is the number of half line feeds, otherwise it is the number of whole line
+ * feeds.
+ */
+static void
+flush_blanks(void)
+{
+ int half, i, nb;
+
+ half = 0;
+ nb = nblank_lines;
+ if (nb & 1) {
+ if (fine)
+ half = 1;
+ else
+ nb++;
+ }
+ nb /= 2;
+ for (i = nb; --i >= 0;)
+ PUTC('\n');
+ if (half) {
+ PUTC('\033');
+ PUTC('9');
+ if (!nb)
+ PUTC('\r');
+ }
+ nblank_lines = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write a line to stdout taking care of space to tab conversion (-h flag)
+ * and character set shifts.
+ */
+static void
+flush_line(LINE *l)
+{
+ CHAR *c, *endc;
+ int nchars, last_col, this_col;
+
+ last_col = 0;
+ nchars = l->l_line_len;
+
+ if (l->l_needs_sort) {
+ static CHAR *sorted;
+ static int count_size, *count, i, save, sorted_size, tot;
+
+ /*
+ * Do an O(n) sort on l->l_line by column being careful to
+ * preserve the order of characters in the same column.
+ */
+ if (l->l_lsize > sorted_size) {
+ sorted_size = l->l_lsize;
+ sorted = (CHAR *)xmalloc((void *)sorted,
+ (unsigned)sizeof(CHAR) * sorted_size);
+ }
+ if (l->l_max_col >= count_size) {
+ count_size = l->l_max_col + 1;
+ count = (int *)xmalloc((void *)count,
+ (unsigned)sizeof(int) * count_size);
+ }
+ (void)memset(count, 0, sizeof(int) * l->l_max_col + 1);
+ for (i = nchars, c = l->l_line; --i >= 0; c++)
+ count[c->c_column]++;
+
+ /*
+ * calculate running total (shifted down by 1) to use as
+ * indices into new line.
+ */
+ for (tot = 0, i = 0; i <= l->l_max_col; i++) {
+ save = count[i];
+ count[i] = tot;
+ tot += save;
+ }
+
+ for (i = nchars, c = l->l_line; --i >= 0; c++)
+ sorted[count[c->c_column]++] = *c;
+ c = sorted;
+ } else
+ c = l->l_line;
+ while (nchars > 0) {
+ this_col = c->c_column;
+ endc = c;
+ do {
+ ++endc;
+ } while (--nchars > 0 && this_col == endc->c_column);
+
+ /* if -b only print last character */
+ if (no_backspaces)
+ c = endc - 1;
+
+ if (this_col > last_col) {
+ int nspace = this_col - last_col;
+
+ if (compress_spaces && nspace > 1) {
+ int ntabs;
+
+ ntabs = ((last_col % 8) + nspace) / 8;
+ if (ntabs) {
+ nspace -= (ntabs * 8) - (last_col % 8);
+ while (--ntabs >= 0)
+ PUTC('\t');
+ }
+ }
+ while (--nspace >= 0)
+ PUTC(' ');
+ last_col = this_col;
+ }
+ last_col++;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ if (c->c_set != last_set) {
+ switch (c->c_set) {
+ case CS_NORMAL:
+ PUTC('\017');
+ break;
+ case CS_ALTERNATE:
+ PUTC('\016');
+ }
+ last_set = c->c_set;
+ }
+ PUTC(c->c_char);
+ if (++c >= endc)
+ break;
+ PUTC('\b');
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#define NALLOC 64
+
+static LINE *line_freelist;
+
+static LINE *
+alloc_line(void)
+{
+ LINE *l;
+ int i;
+
+ if (!line_freelist) {
+ l = (LINE *)xmalloc(NULL, sizeof(LINE) * NALLOC);
+ line_freelist = l;
+ for (i = 1; i < NALLOC; i++, l++)
+ l->l_next = l + 1;
+ l->l_next = NULL;
+ }
+ l = line_freelist;
+ line_freelist = l->l_next;
+
+ (void)memset(l, 0, sizeof(LINE));
+ return (l);
+}
+
+static void
+free_line(LINE *l)
+{
+
+ l->l_next = line_freelist;
+ line_freelist = l;
+}
+
+static void *
+xmalloc(void *p, size_t size)
+{
+ void *q;
+
+ if (!(q = (void *)realloc(p, size)))
+ err(EXIT_FAILURE, "realloc");
+ p = q;
+ return (p);
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: col [-bfpx] [-l nline]\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void
+wrerr(void)
+{
+
+ (void)fprintf(stderr, "col: write error.\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void
+dowarn(int line)
+{
+
+ warnx("warning: can't back up %s",
+ line < 0 ? "past first line" : "-- line already flushed");
+}